Behaviour Of The Sm Nd Isotopic System During Metamorphism

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Behaviour of the Sm-Nd Isotopic System During Metamorphism

Author : Valérie Chavagnac
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis Behaviour of the Sm-Nd Isotopic System During Metamorphism by : Valérie Chavagnac

Download or read book Behaviour of the Sm-Nd Isotopic System During Metamorphism written by Valérie Chavagnac and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aims of this Ph.D. Thesis were to decipher whether the use of Nd model ages are reliable constraints for the crustal evolution on Proterozoic migmatized terrane (example of the Limpopo Belt in South Africa) and to examine the consistency between Sm-Nd gamet and V-Pb zircon ages on eclogites (example of the VHPM Dabieshan in Central China). The Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt which is mainly composed of orthogneisses and paragneisses underwent granulite facies metamorphism followed by decompression metamorphic conditions (clockwise P-T loop) at 2.0 Ga. We have performed Sm-Nd and U-Pb work associated with major and trace element analyses on three examples of migmatites generated at 2.0 Ga to study the chemical and isotopic fractionation which may occur during migmatization. Partial melting following the Bt dehydration reaction did lead to different behaviour of Sm-Nd systematics for metagreywacke and metapelite. ln the first case, chemical equilibrium and full Nd isotope exchanges were not reached due to the incrongruent Pl melting and to the effect of accessory mineraIs (Mnz and Ap) on the compositions of the partial melt. Monazite entered the melt in prefarence to apatite, either by dissolution or by entrainment, and its unradiogenic Nd isotope signature dominates the leucosome. The Nd model ages on partial melt are up to 400 Ma older than those on paleosomes. The Nd model ages of these rocks cannot be used in a simple way to cons train the evolution of Southern Africa. ln the second case, incongruent Pl melting influenced the distribution of major, LILE and also REE between the partial melts and the paleosomes. Full Nd isotope exchange was nearly achieved while Pb-Pb systematics were not fully resetted. Incomplete exchange for both Nd and Pb for two leucosomes is also argued. It appears that the accessory minerals were chemically and isotopically equilibrated with the partial melt and the paleosome. The Nd model ages can be used to constrain the crustal growth of the Limpopo Central Zone. Finally, in migmatites formed by metamorphic segregation at subsolidus conditions on orthogneiss, chemical equilibrium and Nd isotope exchange were not reached during migmatization. The distributions of the elements are related to the proportional amounts of each mineraI in the migmatitic components. However, full Pb isotope exchange is reached here as highlighted by a Pb-Pb WR isochron yielding 2.0 Ga. ln addition, the geochemical characteristics combined with REE modelling provided arguments for closed system behaviour of the whole rock during migmatization. The isotopic compositions of the protolith obtained via mass balance calculations can be used to cons train crustal evolution. The UHPM Dabieshan is characterized by the occurrence of coesite and its quartz pseudomorph as inclusions in eclogites of basaltic composition but also of undoubted metasedimentary origin. Sm.-Nd garnet-omphacite-whole rock isochrons on the coesite-bearing eclogites of the Bixiling Complex gave ages at 210 ± 9 to 218 ± 4 Ma which are similar to 218.4 ± 1.8 Ma and 218.4 ± 2.5 Ma ages obtained by V-Pb zircon data. At the Shuanghe locality, Sm-Nd gamet-kyanite-whole rock isochron on a retrogressed eclogite gave an age at 231 ± 35 Ma in line with the U-Pb zircon data at 233 ± 21 Ma (lower intercept in the concordia diagram). ln addition, Ar-Ar and Rb-Sr phengite ages performed on the eclogite host gneisses (Bixilingg locality) yield 198 ± 4 Ma to 212 ± 2 Ma ages, overlapping the previous Sm-Nd and V-Pb zircon ages on the coesite-bearing eclogites. Consequently, the Sm-Nd garnet dating provide ages in agreement with V-Pb zircon ages and the quartzo-feldspathic gneisses underwent an event coeval to VHP on eclogites. Nd isotope equilibration at the VHP metamorphism appears to have been complete

Radiogenic Isotope Geology

Author : Alan P. Dickin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108547060
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Radiogenic Isotope Geology by : Alan P. Dickin

Download or read book Radiogenic Isotope Geology written by Alan P. Dickin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of Radiogenic Isotope Geology examines revolutionary changes in geochemical thinking that have occurred over the past fifteen years. Extinct-nuclide studies on meteorites have called into question fundamental geochemical models of the Earth, while new dating methods have challenged conventional views of Earth history. At the same time, the problem of global warming has raised new questions about the causes of past and present climate change. In the new edition, these and other recent issues are evaluated in their scholarly and historical context, so readers can understand the development of current ideas. Controversial theories, new analytical techniques, classic papers, and illustrative case studies all come under scrutiny in this book, providing an accessible introduction for students and critical commentary for researchers.

Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust

Author : Michael Brown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521782376
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust by : Michael Brown

Download or read book Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust written by Michael Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary of recent research covering experimental methods and numerical modelling, for graduate students and researchers.

Seeing convergent margin processes through metamorphism

Author : Yi Chen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832500307
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeing convergent margin processes through metamorphism by : Yi Chen

Download or read book Seeing convergent margin processes through metamorphism written by Yi Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods

Author : W. Jack Rink
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400763036
Total Pages : 978 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods by : W. Jack Rink

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods written by W. Jack Rink and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-15 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an overview of (1) the physical and chemical foundations of dating methods and (2) the applications of dating methods in the geological sciences, biology, and archaeology, in almost 200 articles from over 200 international authors. It will serve as the most comprehensive treatise on widely accepted dating methods in the earth sciences and related fields. No other volume has a similar scope, in terms of methods and applications and particularly time range. Dating methods are used to determine the timing and rate of various processes, such as sedimentation (terrestrial and marine), tectonics, volcanism, geomorphological change, cooling rates, crystallization, fluid flow, glaciation, climate change and evolution. The volume includes applications in terrestrial and extraterrestrial settings, the burgeoning field of molecular-clock dating and topics in the intersection of earth sciences with forensics. The content covers a broad range of techniques and applications. All major accepted dating techniques are included, as well as all major datable materials.

Using Geochemical Data

Author : Hugh Rollinson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108803822
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Geochemical Data by : Hugh Rollinson

Download or read book Using Geochemical Data written by Hugh Rollinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is a complete rewrite, and expansion of Hugh Rollinson's highly successful 1993 book Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation. Rollinson and Pease's new book covers the explosion in geochemical thinking over the past three decades, as new instruments and techniques have come online. It provides a comprehensive overview of how modern geochemical data are used in the understanding of geological and petrological processes. It covers major element, trace element, and radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry. It explains the potential of many geochemical techniques, provides examples of their application, and emphasizes how to interpret the resulting data. Additional topics covered include the critical statistical analysis of geochemical data, current geochemical techniques, effective display of geochemical data, and the application of data in problem solving and identifying petrogenetic processes within a geological context. It will be invaluable for all graduate students, researchers, and professionals using geochemical techniques.

Geochronology

Author : Derek Vance
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862391468
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Geochronology by : Derek Vance

Download or read book Geochronology written by Derek Vance and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2003 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isotope geochemistry has produced many technical developments recently that have revolutionised the potential information available on the tectonics of metamorphic belts from geochronology. This set of papers describes recent progress in integrating this new information with other datasets from metamorphic petrology on a mineral and sub-mineral scale.

Geodynamic Evolution of East Antarctica

Author : M. Satish-Kumar
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862392687
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Geodynamic Evolution of East Antarctica by : M. Satish-Kumar

Download or read book Geodynamic Evolution of East Antarctica written by M. Satish-Kumar and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2008 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological correlations of East Antarctica with adjoining continents have been puzzling geologists ever since the concept of a Gondwana supercontinent surfaced. Despite the paucity of outcrops because of ice cover, difficulty of access and extreme weather, the past 50 years of Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions (JARE) has successfully revealed vital elements of the geology of East Antarctica. This volume presents reviews and new research from localities across East Antarctica, especially from Dronning Maud Land to Enderby Land, where the geological record preserves a history that spans the Archaean and Proterozoic. The reviews include extensive bibliographies of results obtained by geologists who participated in the JARE. Comprehensive geological, petrological and geochemical studies, form a platform for future research on the formation and dispersion of Rodinia in the Mesoproterozoic and subsequent assembly of Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic to Early Palaeozoic.

Petrochronology

Author : Matthew J. Kohn
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110561891
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Petrochronology by : Matthew J. Kohn

Download or read book Petrochronology written by Matthew J. Kohn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.

Applications of Radiogenic Isotope Systems to Problems in Geology

Author : Mineralogical Association of Canada
Publisher : Nepean, Ont. : Mineralogical Association of Canada
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Radiogenic Isotope Systems to Problems in Geology by : Mineralogical Association of Canada

Download or read book Applications of Radiogenic Isotope Systems to Problems in Geology written by Mineralogical Association of Canada and published by Nepean, Ont. : Mineralogical Association of Canada. This book was released on 1991 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Evolving Continents

Author : Timothy M. Kusky
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862393035
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolving Continents by : Timothy M. Kusky

Download or read book The Evolving Continents written by Timothy M. Kusky and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2010 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume honours the career of Brian F. Windley, who has been hugely influential in helping to achieve our current understanding of the evolution of the continental crust, and who has inspired many students and scientists to pursue studies on the evolution of the continents. Brian has studied processes of continental formation and evolution on most continents and of all ages, and has educated and inspired two generations of geologists to undertake careers in studies of continental evolution. The volume is organized into six sections, including: oceanic and island arc systems and continental growth; tectonics of accretionary orogens and continental growth; growth and stabilization of continental crust; collisions and intraplate processes; Precambrian tectonics and the birth of continents; and active tectonics and geomorphology of continental collision and growth zones.

Low-Grade Metamorphism

Author : M. Frey
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444313339
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Low-Grade Metamorphism by : M. Frey

Download or read book Low-Grade Metamorphism written by M. Frey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Grade Metamorphism explores processes and transformations in rocks during the early stages of metamorphic recrystallization. There has been little analysis and documentation of this widespread phenomenon, especially of the substantial and exciting advances that have taken place in the subject over the last decade. This book rectifies that shortfall, building on the foundations of Low-Temperature Metamorphism by Martin Frey (1987). The editors have invited contributions from an internationally acknowledged team of experts, who have aimed the book at advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in the field. Contributions from internationally acknowledged experts. Documents the substantial and exciting advances that have taken place in the subject over the last decade.

Post-Archean Granitic Rocks

Author : V. Janoušek
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1786204487
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Archean Granitic Rocks by : V. Janoušek

Download or read book Post-Archean Granitic Rocks written by V. Janoušek and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Granites (sensu lato) represent the dominant rock-type forming the upper–middle continental crust but their origin remains a matter of long-standing controversy. The granites may result from fractionation of mantle-derived basaltic magmas, or partial melting of different crustal protoliths at contrasting P–T conditions, either water-fluxed or fluid-absent. Consequently, many different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the compositional variability of granites ranging from whole igneous suites down to mineral scale. This book presents an overview of the state of the art, and envisages future avenues towards a better understanding of granite petrogenesis. Particular emphasis of this Volume is on the following topics: Compositional variability of granitic rocks generated in contrasting geodynamic settings during Proterozoic to Phanerozoic Periods, Main permissible mechanisms producing subduction-related granites, Crustal anatexis of different protoliths, and the role of water in granite petrogenesis, New theoretical and analytical tools available for modelling whole-rock geochemistry, in order to decipher the sources and evolution of granitic suites.

Minor Minerals, Major Implications: Using Key Mineral Phases to Unravel the Formation and Evolution of Earth's Crust

Author : V. van Schijnde
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1786205947
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis Minor Minerals, Major Implications: Using Key Mineral Phases to Unravel the Formation and Evolution of Earth's Crust by : V. van Schijnde

Download or read book Minor Minerals, Major Implications: Using Key Mineral Phases to Unravel the Formation and Evolution of Earth's Crust written by V. van Schijnde and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2024-01-11 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of key mineral phases such as zircon, apatite, titanite, rutile, monazite, xenotime, allanite, baddeleyite and garnet, explored in this book, has provided breakthroughs in our understanding of continental crust composition and evolution, as well as the timing, conditions, petrogenetic and geodynamic processes related to its growth and reworking. Therefore, the continuing development of analytical techniques, improvement of tools, data handling, processing, and interpretation allow us to extract and better understand these complex geological processes. This special publication aims at showcasing contributions reviewing the tools and applications of these key minerals, recent technique developments, and new applications using focused case studies investigating igneous, metamorphic and/or detrital rocks that help us put together the continental crust evolution puzzle. This volume highlights the progress made in studies using these key minerals and their future potential.

Treatise on Geochemistry

Author :
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080983006
Total Pages : 14787 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

Antarctic Earth Science

Author : R. L. Oliver
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521258367
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (212 download)

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Book Synopsis Antarctic Earth Science by : R. L. Oliver

Download or read book Antarctic Earth Science written by R. L. Oliver and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth international symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences took place in Adelaide, South Australia during the week 16-20 August 1982. This volume contains a record of the centenary activities celebrating Sir Douglas Mawson and the one hundred and seventy-four papers that were presented by delegates for discussion over the five days. Sir Douglas Mawson was part of the first team to reach the magnetic South Pole, a leading geologist and scientific figure during the heroic age of of antarctic exploration. The papers presented during the symposium were divided into fifteen categories covering east and west Antarctica, marine, land and glacial geology, plate tectonics, islands, peninsulas, climatic change and Precambrian and Cenozoic era activity. The two hundred persons from sixteen countries who attended the symposium brought together a wide range of the most current expertise and research to share, of which this volume provides a record.

Stratigraphy

Author : Jacques Rey
Publisher : Editions TECHNIP
ISBN 13 : 9782710809104
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Stratigraphy by : Jacques Rey

Download or read book Stratigraphy written by Jacques Rey and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2008 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by 33 stratigraphic experts, presents various processes available which will enable the location in time of all rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, plutonic, and eruptive, whether they are in outcrop or at subsurface. The terminology and the appropriate practices for each method are presented in separate chapters and illustrated with concrete examples. The order of the chapters is modeled on the progression of the stratigraphic process, from the descriptive to the interpretative, from the methods of the geometric stratigraphy (lithostratigraphy and genetic stratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy) to the chronological stratigraphy (biostratigraphy), followed by the chronometric stratigraphy (isotopic geochronology). The final two chapters are dedicated to chronostratigraphic units and correlations which combine the contributions of various methods and to the presentation of the 2007 version of the Geological Time Scale. The definitions of stratigraphic terms can be found in a glossary at the end of the work. The book is addressed to all professional geologists, from the industrial sector as well as those in universities, including teachers and researchers who would like to deepen their knowledge of the vocabulary, the concepts, the methods and the practical applications of different approaches of stratigraphy, a reference discipline for the entirety of the geological sciences.