Behaviour Of The Adsorbed Chloride Intermediate In Electrocatalysis Of Anodic Chlorine Evolution At Oxide Film Surfaces At Platinum And Ruthenium

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Behaviour of the Adsorbed Chloride Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Chlorine Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Platinum and Ruthenium

Author : Ping Gu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Behaviour of the Adsorbed Chloride Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Chlorine Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Platinum and Ruthenium by : Ping Gu

Download or read book Behaviour of the Adsorbed Chloride Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Chlorine Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Platinum and Ruthenium written by Ping Gu and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the investigation of the mechanism of chlorine evolution reaction at (i) both freshly reduced and pre-oxidized Pt electrodes; (ii) RuO$\sb2$-TiO$\sb2$ electrodes (DSA); (iii) other noble metals such as Pd, Ir, Ru and Rh by means of computer controlled anodic polarization, potential-relaxation transients and a.c. impedance measurements, will be presented. As described in Chapter V, the influence of co-deposited OH and O species in the surface oxidation process on the extent of chemisorption of the Cl$\sp-$ intermediate in the Cl$\sb2$ evolution reaction has been carefully examined. Experimental results reveal that the reaction rate at reduced Pt surfaces is much greater than that at pre-oxidized ones. This is because the oxide species have a significant effect in blocking the Cl$\sb2$ evolution kinetics. The detectable surface adsorption pseudocapacitance, which is associated with the "overpotential deposited" Cl$\sp-$ intermediate, at freshly reduced Pt and oxide free Pt surfaces in non-aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) medium supports this conclusion. In Chapter VI, some exploratory experiments at other noble metal (e.g., Pd, Ir, Ru, and Rh) electrodes in non-aqueous TFA solution have shown very interesting interfacial capacitance information, which must be interpreted probably in terms of more than one adsorbed reaction intermediate being present. In Chapter VII, a possible mechanism of recombination kinetically control has been proposed for the Cl$\sb2$ evolution reaction at RuO$\sb2$-TiO$\sb2$ electrodes, based on the observations of their steady-state behaviour, and electrochemical data from potential relaxation and a.c. impedance measurements. Local supersaturation of Cl$\sb2$ in the microstructure of the oxide film appears to make a contribution to the pseudocapacitance behaviour. Some of the results in this work have been published or in press, as listed below: (1) "Surface electrochemistry of the anodic chlorine evolution reaction at Pt influence of co-deposition of the Cl$\sp-$ intermediate", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Chem. Soc. Farada Trans. 86(6) (1990) 923. (2) "Behaviour of the adsorbed Cl$\sp-$ intermediate in anodic chlorine evolution at thin-film RuO$\sb2$ surfaces", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Appl. Electrochem., in press. (3) "Evaluation of Cl$\sp-$ adsorption in anodic chlorine evolution at Pt by means of a.c. impedance and potential relaxation experiments: role of the state of surface oxidation", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., in press.

Behaviour of the Adsorbed Cl- Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Cl2 Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Pt and Ru

Author : Ping Gu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (541 download)

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Book Synopsis Behaviour of the Adsorbed Cl- Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Cl2 Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Pt and Ru by : Ping Gu

Download or read book Behaviour of the Adsorbed Cl- Intermediate in Electrocatalysis of Anodic Cl2 Evolution at Oxide Film Surfaces at Pt and Ru written by Ping Gu and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Chapter VI, some exploratory experiments at other noble metal (e.g., Pd, Ir, Ru, and Rh) electrodes in non-aqueous TFA solution have shown very interesting interfacial capacitance information, which must be interpreted probably in terms of more than one adsorbed reaction intermediate being present.

PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers

Author : Jiujun Zhang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848009364
Total Pages : 1147 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers by : Jiujun Zhang

Download or read book PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers written by Jiujun Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-26 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising clean energy converting devices with high efficiency and low to zero emissions. Such power sources can be used in transportation, stationary, portable and micro power applications. The key components of these fuel cells are catalysts and catalyst layers. “PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers” provides a comprehensive, in-depth survey of the field, presented by internationally renowned fuel cell scientists. The opening chapters introduce the fundamentals of electrochemical theory and fuel cell catalysis. Later chapters investigate the synthesis, characterization, and activity validation of PEM fuel cell catalysts. Further chapters describe in detail the integration of the electrocatalyst/catalyst layers into the fuel cell, and their performance validation. Researchers and engineers in the fuel cell industry will find this book a valuable resource, as will students of electrochemical engineering and catalyst synthesis.

Oxide Surfaces

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080538312
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxide Surfaces by :

Download or read book Oxide Surfaces written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-05-21 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a multi-author survey (in 15 chapters) of the current state of knowledge and recent developments in our understanding of oxide surfaces. The author list includes most of the acknowledged world experts in this field. The material covered includes fundamental theory and experimental studies of the geometrical, vibrational and electronic structure of such surfaces, but with a special emphasis on the chemical properties and associated reactivity. The main focus is on metal oxides but coverage extends from 'simple' rocksalt materials such as MgO through to complex transition metal oxides with different valencies.

Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Electrochemical Processes and Electrocatalysis and Adsorption in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at Alpha and Beta Lead Dioxides

Download Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Electrochemical Processes and Electrocatalysis and Adsorption in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at Alpha and Beta Lead Dioxides PDF Online Free

Author : Chi Keung (Jimmy). Ho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Electrochemical Processes and Electrocatalysis and Adsorption in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at Alpha and Beta Lead Dioxides by : Chi Keung (Jimmy). Ho

Download or read book Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Electrochemical Processes and Electrocatalysis and Adsorption in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at Alpha and Beta Lead Dioxides written by Chi Keung (Jimmy). Ho and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the thesis is concerned with the problem of temperature dependence of the Tafel slope for various electrochemical processes including the cathodic H$\sb2$ and anodic O$\sb2$ evolution reactions at Au, Pt and Ni in 0.2 N NaOH aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures up to 473 K by means of steady-state polarization experiments. It is found that the commonly assumed representation of the Tafel slope, b, as b = RT/$\beta$F with $\beta$ a constant, often equal to 0.5, is not followed, i.e. $\beta$ is dependent on T. Several examples of this unconventional behaviour of b on temperature are provided in this thesis. The effect of temperature on the surface processes of oxide film formation and reduction in both acid and alkaline aqueous solutions is also examined by means of cyclic voltammetry experiments at temperatures as high as 529 K. In addition to the expected behaviour, such as the higher is the temperature the larger is the rate of reaction, the processes also become more reversible. Experimental examples are provided in this thesis. The second part of the thesis is about the anodic O$\sb2$ evolution reaction at the two "allotropic" forms of lead dioxide, $\alpha$- and $\beta$-PbO$\sb2$ in 1 N HClO$\sb4$ aqueous solutions. The existence of these two forms of PbO$\sb2$ provides a rare opportunity of examining the structural effect in electrocatalysis and kinetics of the O$\sb2$ evolution process. Significant differences between the dimorphs are observed both in the kinetics and the adsorption behaviour of the O and OH intermediates of the reaction. Both potential-relaxation transients, following prior current interruption, and a.c. frequency-response spectroscopy are used in deriving the adsorption behaviour of the reaction intermediates, both H and O/OH species.

Electrocatalysis of Anodic Oxygen-transfer Reactions at Modified Lead Dioxide Electrodes

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrocatalysis of Anodic Oxygen-transfer Reactions at Modified Lead Dioxide Electrodes by :

Download or read book Electrocatalysis of Anodic Oxygen-transfer Reactions at Modified Lead Dioxide Electrodes written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrocatalytic activities were compared for pure and chloride-doped beta-PbO2 (Cl-PbO2) films on gold and platinum substrates. Rate constants were increased significantly for oxidations of Mn{sup 2+}, toluene, benzyl alcohol, dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and benzaldehyde in acidic media by the incorporation of Cl− into the oxide films. These reactions are concluded to occur by the electrocatalytic transfer of oxygen from H2O to the reaction products. Results of x-ray diffraction studies indicate the Cl-PbO2 film continues to have the slightly distorted rutile structure of pure beta-PbO2. The observed electrocatalytic phenomena are concluded to be the beneficial consequence of surface defects generated when Cl− serves for charge compensation within the surface matrix and, thereby, increases the number of surface sites capable of adsorbing hydroxyl radicals which are transferred in the electrocatalytic O-transfer reactions. 91 refs., 44 figs., 10 tabs.

Electro-Fenton Process

Author : Minghua Zhou
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811064067
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Electro-Fenton Process by : Minghua Zhou

Download or read book Electro-Fenton Process written by Minghua Zhou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-25 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses the theoretical fundamentals and potential applications of the original electro-Fenton (EF) process and its most innovative and promising versions, all of which are classified as electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. It consists of 15 chapters that review the latest advances and trends, material selection, reaction and reactor modeling and EF scale-up. It particularly focuses on the applications of EF process in the treatment of toxic and persistent organic pollutants in water and soil, showing highly efficient removal for both lab-scale and pre-pilot setups. Indeed, the EF technology is now mature enough to be brought to market, and this collection of contributions from leading experts in the field constitutes a timely milestone for scientists and engineers.

Nonstoichiometric Oxides

Author : O.T. Soerensen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323149804
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonstoichiometric Oxides by : O.T. Soerensen

Download or read book Nonstoichiometric Oxides written by O.T. Soerensen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonstoichiometric Oxides discusses the thermodynamic and structural studies of nonstoichiometric oxides. This eight-chapter text also covers the defect-defect interactions in these compounds. The introductory chapters describe the thermodynamic properties of nonstoichiometric oxides in terms of defect complexes using the classical thermodynamic principles and from a statistical thermodynamics point of view. These chapters also include statistical thermodynamic models that indicate the ordered nonstoichiometric phase range in these oxides. The subsequent chapters examine the transport properties, such as diffusion and electrical conductivity. Diffusion theories and experimental diffusion coefficients for several systems, as well as the electrical properties of the highly defective ionic and mixed oxide conductor, are specifically tackled in these chapters. The concluding chapters present the pertinent results obtained in nonstoichiometric oxide structural studies using high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray and neutron diffraction. Inorganic chemists and inorganic chemistry teachers and students will greatly appreciate this book.

PEM Water Electrolysis

Author : Dmitri Bessarabov
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0081028318
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis PEM Water Electrolysis by : Dmitri Bessarabov

Download or read book PEM Water Electrolysis written by Dmitri Bessarabov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-04 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PEM Water Electrolysis, a volume in the Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Primers series presents the most recent advances in the field. It brings together information that has thus far been scattered in many different sources under one single title, making it a useful reference for industry professionals, researchers and graduate students. Volumes One and Two allow readers to identify technology gaps for commercially viable PEM electrolysis systems for energy applications and examine the fundamentals of PEM electrolysis and selected research topics that are top of mind for the academic and industry community, such as gas cross-over and AST protocols. The book lays the foundation for the exploration of the current industrial trends for PEM electrolysis, such as power to gas application and a strong focus on the current trends in the application of PEM electrolysis associated with energy storage. - Presents the fundamentals and most current knowledge in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers - Explores the technology gaps and challenges for commercial deployment of PEM water electrolysis technologies - Includes unconventional systems, such as ozone generators - Brings together information from many different sources under one single title, making it a useful reference for industry professionals, researchers and graduate students alike

An Electrochemical Investigation of the Dissolution and Passivation of Platinum in Acid Solutions

Author : F. A. Hawkins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (651 download)

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Book Synopsis An Electrochemical Investigation of the Dissolution and Passivation of Platinum in Acid Solutions by : F. A. Hawkins

Download or read book An Electrochemical Investigation of the Dissolution and Passivation of Platinum in Acid Solutions written by F. A. Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability

Author : Felix N. Büchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038785536X
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability by : Felix N. Büchi

Download or read book Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability written by Felix N. Büchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-08 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a significant number of R&D projects, performed mostly after 2000, devoted to the understanding and prevention of performance degradation processes in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The extent and severity of performance degradation processes in PEFCs were recognized rather gradually. Indeed, the recognition overlapped with a significant number of industrial dem- strations of fuel cell powered vehicles, which would suggest a degree of technology maturity beyond the resaolution of fundamental failure mechanisms. An intriguing question, therefore, is why has there been this apparent delay in addressing fun- mental performance stability requirements. The apparent answer is that testing of the power system under fully realistic operation conditions was one prerequisite for revealing the nature and extent of some key modes of PEFC stack failure. Such modes of failure were not exposed to a similar degree, or not at all, in earlier tests of PEFC stacks which were not performed under fully relevant conditions, parti- larly such tests which did not include multiple on–off and/or high power–low power cycles typical for transportation and mobile power applications of PEFCs. Long-term testing of PEFCs reported in the early 1990s by both Los Alamos National Laboratory and Ballard Power was performed under conditions of c- stant cell voltage, typically near the maximum power point of the PEFC.

Electrochemical Methods

Author : Allen J. Bard
Publisher : Wiley Global Education
ISBN 13 : 1118312805
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrochemical Methods by : Allen J. Bard

Download or read book Electrochemical Methods written by Allen J. Bard and published by Wiley Global Education. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das führende Werk auf seinem Gebiet - jetzt durchgängig auf den neuesten Stand gebracht! Die theoretischen Grundlagen der Elektrochemie, erweitert um die aktuellsten Erkenntnisse in der Theorie des Elektronentransfers, werden hier ebenso besprochen wie alle wichtigen Anwendungen, darunter modernste Verfahren (Ultramikroelektroden, modifizierte Elektroden, LCEC, Impedanzspektrometrie, neue Varianten der Pulsvoltammetrie und andere). In erster Linie als Lehrbuch gedacht, läßt sich das Werk aber auch hervorragend zum Selbststudium und zur Auffrischung des Wissensstandes verwenden. Lediglich elementare Grundkenntnisse der physikalischen Chemie werden vorausgesetzt.

Glucose Sensing

Author : Chris D. Geddes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387330151
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Glucose Sensing by : Chris D. Geddes

Download or read book Glucose Sensing written by Chris D. Geddes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference for any laboratory working in the analytical fluorescence glucose sensing field. The increasing importance of these techniques is typified in one emerging area by developing non-invasive and continuous approaches for physiological glucose monitoring. This volume incorporates analytical fluorescence-based glucose sensing reviews, specialized enough to be attractive to professional researchers, yet appealing to a wider audience of scientists in related disciplines of fluorescence.

Green Corrosion Chemistry and Engineering

Author : Sanjay K. Sharma
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527641793
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Corrosion Chemistry and Engineering by : Sanjay K. Sharma

Download or read book Green Corrosion Chemistry and Engineering written by Sanjay K. Sharma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its unique focus on specifically addressing the problems for societies and economies associated with corrosion and their solution, this book provides an up-to-date overview of the progress in corrosion chemistry and engineering. International experts actively involved in research and development place particular emphasis on how to counter the economic and environmental consequences of corrosion with the help of science and technology, making this a valuable resource for researchers as well as decision makers in industry and politics. Further major parts of the book are devoted to corrosion prevention in the naval and energy sector as well as to corrosion monitoring and waste management.

Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds

Author : Zoltan Nagy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489905456
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds by : Zoltan Nagy

Download or read book Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds written by Zoltan Nagy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical synthesis of inorganic compounds is a relatively unknown field. The successful, large industrial processes, such as chlorine-caustic production, are well known, but the large number of other compounds that have been synthesized electrochemically are much less appreciated, even by electrochemists and inorganic chemists. The last comprehensive book on this subject was published in the 1930's and no modern review or summary of the whole field is in existence. But the field is in no way dormant, as attested by the large number of publications, undiminished throughout the years, describing new syntheses and improvements of old ones. Indeed, it can be expected that practical applications of electrochemical inor ganic syntheses will increase in the future as an increasing portion of our energy will be available in electrical form. Electrochemical processes have important advantages over chemical routes: often the selectivity of the reaction can be better controlled through the use of potential control at the electrode, and the creation of environmen tally harmful waste material can be avoided more easily since one is using the purest reagent - the electron. In addition to development of new synthetic routes, many old ones, which were found to be un economical in the past, are worth reexamining in light of the recent considerable advances in cell design principles, materials of construc tion, and electrode and separator materials, together with our im proved understanding of electrode reactions and electrocatalysis. It is in the hope of accelerating this process that this bibliography is published.

Electrodes of Conductive Metallic Oxides

Author : Sergio Trasatti
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Electrodes of Conductive Metallic Oxides by : Sergio Trasatti

Download or read book Electrodes of Conductive Metallic Oxides written by Sergio Trasatti and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Materials for Advanced Batteries

Author : D. Murphy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468438514
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials for Advanced Batteries by : D. Murphy

Download or read book Materials for Advanced Batteries written by D. Murphy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of a NATO Science Committee Institute on "Materials for Advanced Batteries" was suggested to JB and DWM by Dr. A. G. Chynoweth. His idea was to bring together experts in the field over the entire spectrum of pure research to applied research in order to familiarize everyone with potentially interesting new systems and the problems involved in their development. Dr. M. C. B. Hotz and Professor M. N. Ozdas were instrumental in helping organize this meeting as a NATO Advanced Science Institute. An organlzlng committee consisting of the three of us along with W. A. Adams, U. v Alpen, J. Casey and J. Rouxel organized the program. The program consisted of plenary talks and poster papers which are included in this volume. Nearly half the time of the conference was spent in study groups. The aim of these groups was to assess the status of several key aspects of batteries and prospects for research opportunities in each. The study groups and their chairmen were: Current status and new systems J. Broadhead High temperature systems W. A. Adams Interface problems B. C. H. Steele Electrolytes U. v Alpen Electrode materials J. Rouxel These discussions are summarized in this volume. We and all the conference participants are most grateful to Professor J. Rouxel for suggesting the Aussois conference site, and to both he and Dr. M. Armand for handling local arrangements.