Becoming Middle Class

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Becoming Middle Class

Author : Markus Roos Breines
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811635374
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Becoming Middle Class by : Markus Roos Breines

Download or read book Becoming Middle Class written by Markus Roos Breines and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an ethnography of urban-to-urban migration and its role in middle-class formation in Ethiopia. Through an examination of the intersections and tensions between physical movement and social mobility, it considers how young Tigrayan people’s migration between urban centres made them distinct from both international migrants and non-migrants. Based on fieldwork in Adigrat and Addis Ababa, it focuses on these young people’s notions of progress, experiences of higher education and ethnic tensions to demonstrate how their movements enabled them to enhance their economic, social and symbolic capital while their cultural capital remained largely unchanged. The book provides new insights into the opportunities and constraints for upward social mobility and argues that the emergence of shared characteristics among urban-to-urban migrants led to the formation of a group that can be described as a middle class in Ethiopia.

When Did We All Become Middle Class?

Author : Martin Nunlee
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317223098
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis When Did We All Become Middle Class? by : Martin Nunlee

Download or read book When Did We All Become Middle Class? written by Martin Nunlee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In When Did We All Become Middle Class?, Martin Nunlee discusses how a lack of class identity gives people a false sense of their relationship to power, which has made the US population accept the myth that they live in a meritocracy. This book examines social class within the framework of psychological tendencies, everyday interactions, institutions and pervasive cultural ideas to show how Americans have shifted from general concerns of social and economic equality to fragmented interests groups. Written in a conversational style, this book is a useful tool for undergraduate courses covering social class, such as inequality, stratification, poverty, and social problems.

Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 926415034X
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class by : OECD

Download or read book Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle-class households feel left behind and have questioned the benefits of economic globalisation.

Respectable

Author : Lynsey Hanley
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 1846142075
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis Respectable by : Lynsey Hanley

Download or read book Respectable written by Lynsey Hanley and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Society is often talked about as a ladder, which you can climb from bottom to top. The walls are less talked about. This book is about how people try to get over them, what it means if they do, and how class affects all of us. In autumn 1992, growing up on a vast Birmingham estate, the sixteen-year-old Lynsey Hanley went to sixth-form college. She knew that it would change her life but was entirely unprepared for the price she would have to pay: to leave behind her working-class world and become middle class. Class remains resolutely with us, as strongly present as it was fifty years ago. Entwined with it is the idea of aspiration, of social mobility, which received wisdom tells us is an unequivocally positive phenomenon for individuals and for society as a whole. Yet for the many millions who experience it, changing class is like emigrating from one side of the world to the other, a lonely, anxious, psychologically disruptive process of uprooting, which leaves people divided between the place they left and the place they have to inhabit in order to get on. In this empathic, wry and passionate exploration of class in Britain today, Lynsey Hanley looks at how people are kept apart, and keep themselves apart - and the costs involved in the journey from 'there' to 'here'.

The Making of the Middle Class

Author : A. Ricardo López
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822351293
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis The Making of the Middle Class by : A. Ricardo López

Download or read book The Making of the Middle Class written by A. Ricardo López and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors question the current academic understanding of what is known as the global middle class. They see middle-class formation as transnational and they examine this group through the lenses of economics, gender, race, and religion from the mid-nineteenth century to today.

The Vanishing Middle Class, new epilogue

Author : Peter Temin
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262535297
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Vanishing Middle Class, new epilogue by : Peter Temin

Download or read book The Vanishing Middle Class, new epilogue written by Peter Temin and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the United States has developed an economy divided between rich and poor and how racism helped bring this about. The United States is becoming a nation of rich and poor, with few families in the middle. In this book, MIT economist Peter Temin offers an illuminating way to look at the vanishing middle class. Temin argues that American history and politics, particularly slavery and its aftermath, play an important part in the widening gap between rich and poor. Temin employs a well-known, simple model of a dual economy to examine the dynamics of the rich/poor divide in America, and outlines ways to work toward greater equality so that America will no longer have one economy for the rich and one for the poor. Many poorer Americans live in conditions resembling those of a developing country—substandard education, dilapidated housing, and few stable employment opportunities. And although almost half of black Americans are poor, most poor people are not black. Conservative white politicians still appeal to the racism of poor white voters to get support for policies that harm low-income people as a whole, casting recipients of social programs as the Other—black, Latino, not like "us." Politicians also use mass incarceration as a tool to keep black and Latino Americans from participating fully in society. Money goes to a vast entrenched prison system rather than to education. In the dual justice system, the rich pay fines and the poor go to jail.

A New Contract with the Middle Class

Author : Richard V. Reeves
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815739133
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis A New Contract with the Middle Class by : Richard V. Reeves

Download or read book A New Contract with the Middle Class written by Richard V. Reeves and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A better future for the middle class is no longer an aspiration. It is a necessity. The disintegration of the American Dream is more visible than ever before. The understanding—the contract—that existed between individuals willing to work and contribute and a society willing to support those individuals when they needed it is falling apart. Now is the time to draft a new contract with America's middle class. One that rewards work and service, improves upward mobility, and reduces inequality. In A New Contract with the Middle Class Brookings senior fellows Isabel Sawhill and Richard Reeves outline the foundations of what that new contract should be, based on discussions they had across the country with middle-class Americans. Sawhill and Reeves' recommendations provide solutions to issues that came up time and time again in these conversations: money, time, relationships, health, and respect. Some of the bold recommendations included in A New Contract with the Middle Class: • Eliminate virtually all income taxes paid by the middle class. • Raise the minimum wage and subsidize wages below the median with a worker tax credit. • Offer scholarships for those who undertake at least a year of national service. • Ensure four weeks of paid leave per year. • Align school and working hours and boost child care to help working parents. America is only as strong as the American middle-class. A New Contract with the Middle Class proposes a new way forward.

Bridging the Divide

Author : Jack Metzgar
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501760335
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridging the Divide by : Jack Metzgar

Download or read book Bridging the Divide written by Jack Metzgar and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Bridging the Divide, Jack Metzgar attempts to determine the differences between working-class and middle-class cultures in the United States. Drawing on a wide range of multidisciplinary sources, Metzgar writes as a now middle-class professional with a working-class upbringing, explaining the various ways the two cultures conflict and complement each other, illustrated by his own lived experiences. Set in a historical framework that reflects on how both class cultures developed, adapted, and survived through decades of historical circumstances, Metzgar challenges professional middle-class views of both the working-class and themselves. In the end, he argues for the creation of a cross-class coalition of what he calls "standard-issue professionals" with both hard-living and settled-living working people and outlines some policies that could help promote such a unification if the two groups had a better understanding of their differences and how to use those differences to their advantage. Bridging the Divide mixes personal stories and theoretical concepts to give us a compelling look inside the current complex position of the working-class in American culture and a view of what it could be in the future.

The 9.9 Percent

Author : Matthew Stewart
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1982114207
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis The 9.9 Percent by : Matthew Stewart

Download or read book The 9.9 Percent written by Matthew Stewart and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “brilliant” (The Washington Post), “clear-eyed and incisive” (The New Republic) analysis of how the wealthiest group in American society is making life miserable for everyone—including themselves. In 21st-century America, the top 0.1% of the wealth distribution have walked away with the big prizes even while the bottom 90% have lost ground. What’s left of the American Dream has taken refuge in the 9.9% that lies just below the tip of extreme wealth. Collectively, the members of this group control more than half of the wealth in the country—and they are doing whatever it takes to hang on to their piece of the action in an increasingly unjust system. They log insane hours at the office and then turn their leisure time into an excuse for more career-building, even as they rely on an underpaid servant class to power their economic success and satisfy their personal needs. They have segregated themselves into zip codes designed to exclude as many people as possible. They have made fitness a national obsession even as swaths of the population lose healthcare and grow sicker. They have created an unprecedented demand for admission to elite schools and helped to fuel the dramatic cost of higher education. They channel their political energy into symbolic conflicts over identity in order to avoid acknowledging the economic roots of their privilege. And they have created an ethos of “merit” to justify their advantages. They are all around us. In fact, they are us—or what we are supposed to want to be. In this “captivating account” (Robert D. Putnam, author of Bowling Alone), Matthew Stewart argues that a new aristocracy is emerging in American society and it is repeating the mistakes of history. It is entrenching inequality, warping our culture, eroding democracy, and transforming an abundant economy into a source of misery. He calls for a regrounding of American culture and politics on a foundation closer to the original promise of America.

White Working Class

Author : Joan C. Williams
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
ISBN 13 : 1633693791
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis White Working Class by : Joan C. Williams

Download or read book White Working Class written by Joan C. Williams and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2017-05-16 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I recommend a book by Professor Williams, it is really worth a read, it's called White Working Class." -- Vice President Joe Biden on Pod Save America An Amazon Best Business and Leadership book of 2017 Around the world, populist movements are gaining traction among the white working class. Meanwhile, members of the professional elite—journalists, managers, and establishment politicians--are on the outside looking in, left to argue over the reasons. In White Working Class, Joan C. Williams, described as having "something approaching rock star status" by the New York Times, explains why so much of the elite's analysis of the white working class is misguided, rooted in class cluelessness. Williams explains that many people have conflated "working class" with "poor"--but the working class is, in fact, the elusive, purportedly disappearing middle class. They often resent the poor and the professionals alike. But they don't resent the truly rich, nor are they particularly bothered by income inequality. Their dream is not to join the upper middle class, with its different culture, but to stay true to their own values in their own communities--just with more money. While white working-class motivations are often dismissed as racist or xenophobic, Williams shows that they have their own class consciousness. White Working Class is a blunt, bracing narrative that sketches a nuanced portrait of millions of people who have proven to be a potent political force. For anyone stunned by the rise of populist, nationalist movements, wondering why so many would seemingly vote against their own economic interests, or simply feeling like a stranger in their own country, White Working Class will be a convincing primer on how to connect with a crucial set of workers--and voters.

Dream Hoarders

Author : Richard V. Reeves
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815735499
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Dream Hoarders by : Richard V. Reeves

Download or read book Dream Hoarders written by Richard V. Reeves and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dream Hoarders sparked a national conversation on the dangerous separation between the upper middle class and everyone else. Now in paperback and newly updated for the age of Trump, Brookings Institution senior fellow Richard Reeves is continuing to challenge the class system in America. In America, everyone knows that the top 1 percent are the villains. The rest of us, the 99 percent—we are the good guys. Not so, argues Reeves. The real class divide is not between the upper class and the upper middle class: it is between the upper middle class and everyone else. The separation of the upper middle class from everyone else is both economic and social, and the practice of “opportunity hoarding”—gaining exclusive access to scarce resources—is especially prevalent among parents who want to perpetuate privilege to the benefit of their children. While many families believe this is just good parenting, it is actually hurting others by reducing their chances of securing these opportunities. There is a glass floor created for each affluent child helped by his or her wealthy, stable family. That glass floor is a glass ceiling for another child. Throughout Dream Hoarders, Reeves explores the creation and perpetuation of opportunity hoarding, and what should be done to stop it, including controversial solutions such as ending legacy admissions to school. He offers specific steps toward reducing inequality and asks the upper middle class to pay for it. Convinced of their merit, members of the upper middle class believes they are entitled to those tax breaks and hoarded opportunities. After all, they aren't the 1 percent. The national obsession with the super rich allows the upper middle class to convince themselves that they are just like the rest of America. In Dream Hoarders, Reeves argues that in many ways, they are worse, and that changes in policy and social conscience are the only way to fix the broken system.

The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution

Author : Ganesh Sitaraman
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0451493923
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution by : Ganesh Sitaraman

Download or read book The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution written by Ganesh Sitaraman and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this original, provocative contribution to the debate over economic inequality, Ganesh Sitaraman argues that a strong and sizable middle class is a prerequisite for America’s constitutional system. A New York Times Notable Book of 2017 For most of Western history, Sitaraman argues, constitutional thinkers assumed economic inequality was inevitable and inescapable—and they designed governments to prevent class divisions from spilling over into class warfare. The American Constitution is different. Compared to Europe and the ancient world, America was a society of almost unprecedented economic equality, and the founding generation saw this equality as essential for the preservation of America’s republic. Over the next two centuries, generations of Americans fought to sustain the economic preconditions for our constitutional system. But today, with economic and political inequality on the rise, Sitaraman says Americans face a choice: Will we accept rising economic inequality and risk oligarchy or will we rebuild the middle class and reclaim our republic? The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution is a tour de force of history, philosophy, law, and politics. It makes a compelling case that inequality is more than just a moral or economic problem; it threatens the very core of our constitutional system.

When Middle-Class Parents Choose Urban Schools

Author : Linn Posey-Maddox
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022612035X
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis When Middle-Class Parents Choose Urban Schools by : Linn Posey-Maddox

Download or read book When Middle-Class Parents Choose Urban Schools written by Linn Posey-Maddox and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-03-18 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades a growing number of middle-class parents have considered sending their children to—and often end up becoming active in—urban public schools. Their presence can bring long-needed material resources to such schools, but, as Linn Posey-Maddox shows in this study, it can also introduce new class and race tensions, and even exacerbate inequalities. Sensitively navigating the pros and cons of middle-class transformation, When Middle-Class Parents Choose Urban Schools asks whether it is possible for our urban public schools to have both financial security and equitable diversity. Drawing on in-depth research at an urban elementary school, Posey-Maddox examines parents’ efforts to support the school through their outreach, marketing, and volunteerism. She shows that when middle-class parents engage in urban school communities, they can bring a host of positive benefits, including new educational opportunities and greater diversity. But their involvement can also unintentionally marginalize less-affluent parents and diminish low-income students’ access to the improving schools. In response, Posey-Maddox argues that school reform efforts, which usually equate improvement with rising test scores and increased enrollment, need to have more equity-focused policies in place to ensure that low-income families also benefit from—and participate in—school change.

The Riches of This Land

Author : Jim Tankersley
Publisher : PublicAffairs
ISBN 13 : 1541767845
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis The Riches of This Land by : Jim Tankersley

Download or read book The Riches of This Land written by Jim Tankersley and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vivid character-driven narrative, fused with important new economic and political reporting and research, that busts the myths about middle class decline and points the way to its revival. For over a decade, Jim Tankersley has been on a journey to understand what the hell happened to the world's greatest middle-class success story -- the post-World-War-II boom that faded into decades of stagnation and frustration for American workers. In The Riches of This Land, Tankersley fuses the story of forgotten Americans-- struggling women and men who he met on his journey into the travails of the middle class-- with important new economic and political research, providing fresh understanding how to create a more widespread prosperity. He begins by unraveling the real mystery of the American economy since the 1970s - not where did the jobs go, but why haven't new and better ones been created to replace them. His analysis begins with the revelation that women and minorities played a far more crucial role in building the post-war middle class than today's politicians typically acknowledge, and policies that have done nothing to address the structural shifts of the American economy have enabled a privileged few to capture nearly all the benefits of America's growing prosperity. Meanwhile, the "angry white men of Ohio" have been sold by Trump and his ilk a theory of the economy that is dangerously backward, one that pits them against immigrants, minorities, and women who should be their allies. At the culmination of his journey, Tankersley lays out specific policy prescriptions and social undertakings that can begin moving the needle in the effort to make new and better jobs appear. By fostering an economy that opens new pathways for all workers to reach their full potential -- men and women, immigrant or native-born, regardless of race -- America can once again restore the upward flow of talent that can power growth and prosperity.

From Water to Wine

Author : Jess Auerbach
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487524331
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis From Water to Wine by : Jess Auerbach

Download or read book From Water to Wine written by Jess Auerbach and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Water to Wine explores how Angola has changed since the end of its civil war in 2002. Its focus is the middle class - defined in the book as those with a house, a car, and an education - and their consumption, aspirations, and hopes for their families. It is a book that takes as its starting point 'what is working in Angola?' rather than 'what is going wrong?' and makes a deliberate, political choice to give attention to beauty and happiness in everyday life in a country that has had an unusually troubled history. The book is uniquely structured: each chapter focuses on one of the five senses (smell, touch, taste, hearing, and sight, respectively) with the introduction and conclusion provoking reflection on proprioception (kinesthesia) and empathy respectively. A variety of media are employed - poetry, recipes, photos, comics, and other textual experiments - to engage readers and the senses. Written for a broad audience, this text is an excellent addition to classes on Africa, the Lusophone world, international development, sensory ethnography, and ethnographic writing.

The Radical Middle Class

Author : Robert D. Johnston
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691126003
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Radical Middle Class by : Robert D. Johnston

Download or read book The Radical Middle Class written by Robert D. Johnston and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-19 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America has a long tradition of middle-class radicalism, albeit one that intellectual orthodoxy has tended to obscure. The Radical Middle Class seeks to uncover the democratic, populist, and even anticapitalist legacy of the middle class. By examining in particular the independent small business sector or petite bourgeoisie, using Progressive Era Portland, Oregon, as a case study, Robert Johnston shows that class still matters in America. But it matters only if the politics and culture of the leading player in affairs of class, the middle class, is dramatically reconceived. This book is a powerful combination of intellectual, business, labor, medical, and, above all, political history. Its author also humanizes the middle class by describing the lives of four small business owners: Harry Lane, Will Daly, William U'Ren, and Lora Little. Lane was Portland's reform mayor before becoming one of only six senators to vote against U.S. entry into World War I. Daly was Oregon's most prominent labor leader and a onetime Socialist. U'Ren was the national architect of the direct democracy movement. Little was a leading antivaccinationist. The Radical Middle Class further explores the Portland Ku Klux Klan and concludes with a national overview of the American middle class from the Progressive Era to the present. With its engaging narrative, conceptual richness, and daring argumentation, it will be welcomed by all who understand that reexamining the middle class can yield not only better scholarship but firmer grounds for democratic hope.

Mexico's Middle Class in the Neoliberal Era

Author : Dennis Gilbert
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816550107
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Mexico's Middle Class in the Neoliberal Era by : Dennis Gilbert

Download or read book Mexico's Middle Class in the Neoliberal Era written by Dennis Gilbert and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexico’s modern middle class emerged in the decades after World War II, a period of spectacular economic growth and social change. Though little studied, the middle class now accounts for one in five Mexican households. This path-breaking book explores the changing fortunes and political transformation of the middle class, especially during the last two decades, as Mexico has adopted new, market-oriented economic policies and has abandoned one-party rule. Blending the personal narratives of middle-class Mexicans with analyses of national surveys of households and voters, Dennis Gilbert traces the development of the middle class since the 1940s. He describes how middle-class Mexicans were affected by the economic upheavals of the 1980s and 1990s and examines their shifting relations with the ruling Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). Long faithful to the PRI, the middle class gradually grew disenchanted. Gilbert examines middle-class reactions to the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre, the 1982 debt crisis, the government’s feeble response to the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, and its brazen manipulation of the vote count in the 1988 presidential election. Drawing on detailed interviews with Mexican families, he describes the effects of the 1994–95 peso crisis on middle-class households and their economic and political responses to it. His analysis of exit poll data from the 2000 elections shows that the lopsided middle-class vote in favor of opposition candidate Vicente Fox played a critical role in the election that drove the PRI from power after seven decades. The book closes with an epilogue on the middle class and the July 2006 presidential elections.