Battles among licensed occupations : analyzing government regulations on labor market outcomes for dentists and hygienists

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (731 download)

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Book Synopsis Battles among licensed occupations : analyzing government regulations on labor market outcomes for dentists and hygienists by : Morris M. Kleiner

Download or read book Battles among licensed occupations : analyzing government regulations on labor market outcomes for dentists and hygienists written by Morris M. Kleiner and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational licensing is among the fastest-growing labor market institutions in the U.S. economy. One of the key features of occupational licensing is that the law determines who gets to do the work. In those cases where universally licensed occupations are both complements to and substitutes for one another in providing a service, the government determines who can do the tasks that are required for the consumer. In this study, we examine dentists and dental hygienists, who are both universally licensed and provide complementary services to patients, but may also be substitutes as service providers. We focus on the labor market implications of governmental requirements on permissible tasks and the supervision of hygienists' activities by dentists. Since there are elements of monopsony in the market we examine, we use the model as a guide for our analysis. We find that states that allow hygienists to be self-employed have about 10 percent higher earnings, and that dentists in those states have lower earnings and slower employment growth. Several sensitivity and falsification tests using other regulated and partially regulated occupations show that our licensing measures are generally robust to alternative specifications. Our estimates are consistent with the view that winning the policy and legal battle in the legislature and courts on the independence of work rules matters in the labor market for these occupations.

Stages of Occupational Regulation

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Publisher : W.E. Upjohn Institute
ISBN 13 : 0880994614
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Stages of Occupational Regulation by : Morris M. Kleiner

Download or read book Stages of Occupational Regulation written by Morris M. Kleiner and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} Occupational regulation in the U.S. labor market is a growing phenomenon. As of 2008, nearly 40 percent of individuals in jobs had either a license or certification from some form of local, state, or federal government . Following up on the success of his previous volume, Licensing Occupations: Ensuring Quality or Restricting Competition? (W.E. Upjohn Institute, 2006), Morris M. Kleiner brings us a book that expands our knowledge of occupational regulation by showing how varying stages of regulation impact those in the occupations, closely related occupational practitioners, and, ultimately, consumers through the quality and cost of services provided. In Stages of Occupational Regulation: Analysis of Case Studies, Kleiner examines seven occupations at various stages of government regulation. From the least regulated to the most regulated, they are: interior designers, mortgage brokers, preschool teachers, construction tradesmen—specifically plumbers and electricians—dental hygienists, and dentists. Kleiner shows that occupations that have been regulated for the shortest periods of time and that have minimal entry requirements, such as interior designers, are usually unable to achieve their economic goals of better compensation and less competition. For more heavily regulated occupations that have a longer history of regulation and have more rigorous entry requirements, such as dentists, higher earnings and greater control over job-related tasks are more likely. The book also presents new analysis on a long-standing debate in law and economics—i.e., whether litigation or regulation is better for society. Kleiner shows that the growth of occupational licensing suggests that some form of regulation may be gaining as the dominant type of public policy. Furthermore, Kleiner examines how regulations may influence the number of workplace injuries and deaths incurred by plumbers and electricians in the construction industry—the most hazardous industry, as determined by the total number of workplace accidents in the United States. Overall, the analysis and evidence presented here demonstrate how labor markets work in the face of varying levels of government regulation. Therefore, this is a must-read for anyone with an interest in the workings of the U.S. labor market or of labor markets in other more-developed economies.

Analyzing the Influence of Occupational Licensing Duration and Grandfathering on Labor Market Outcomes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing the Influence of Occupational Licensing Duration and Grandfathering on Labor Market Outcomes by : Suyoun Han

Download or read book Analyzing the Influence of Occupational Licensing Duration and Grandfathering on Labor Market Outcomes written by Suyoun Han and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The length of time from the implementation of an occupational licensing statute (i.e., licensing duration) may matter in influencing labor market outcomes. Adding to or raising the entry barriers are likely easier once an occupation is established and has gained influence in a political jurisdiction. States often enact grandfather clauses and ratchet up requirements that protect existing workers and increase entry costs to new entrants. We analyze the labor market influence of the duration of occupational licensing statutes for 13 major universally licensed occupations over a 75-year period. These occupations comprise the vast majority of workers in these regulated occupations in the United States. We provide among the first estimates of potential economic rents to grandfathering. We find that duration years of occupational licensure are positively associated with wages for continuing and grandfathered workers. The estimates show a positive relationship of duration with hours worked, but we find moderately negative results for participation in the labor market. The universally licensed occupations, however, exhibit heterogeneity in outcomes. Consequently, unlike some other labor market public policies, such as minimum wages or direct unemployment insurance benefits, occupational licensing would likely influence labor market outcomes when measured over a longer period of time.

The Captured Economy

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190627786
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Captured Economy by : Brink Lindsey

Download or read book The Captured Economy written by Brink Lindsey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years, America has been plagued by slow economic growth and increasing inequality. In The Captured Economy, Brink Lindsey and Steven M. Teles identify a common factor behind these twin ills: breakdowns in democratic governance that allow wealthy special interests to capture the policymaking process for their own benefit. They document the proliferation of regressive regulations that redistribute wealth and income up the economic scale while stifling entrepreneurship and innovation. They also detail the most important cases of regulatory barriers that have worked to shield the powerful from the rigors of competition, thereby inflating their incomes: subsidies for the financial sector's excessive risk taking, overprotection of copyrights and patents, favoritism toward incumbent businesses through occupational licensing schemes, and the NIMBY-led escalation of land use controls that drive up rents for everyone else. An original and counterintuitive interpretation of the forces driving inequality and stagnation, The Captured Economy will be necessary reading for anyone concerned about America's mounting economic problems and how to improve the social tensions they are sparking.

Licensing Occupations

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Publisher : W.E. Upjohn Institute
ISBN 13 : 0880992859
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Licensing Occupations by : Morris M. Kleiner

Download or read book Licensing Occupations written by Morris M. Kleiner and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2006 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Attempts to present a systematic discussion of the major benefits and costs of occupational licensing to the economies of the United States and several European countries." - page xiii.

The Healthcare Professional Workforce

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190215674
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Healthcare Professional Workforce by : Timothy J. Hoff

Download or read book The Healthcare Professional Workforce written by Timothy J. Hoff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-15 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the U.S. healthcare industry undergoes sweeping changes to increase efficiency and reduce costs, the healthcare workforce is changing as well. In this new system of care, physicians work alongside health care teams, where nurses, pharmacists, and other professionals must collaborate to provide better, more affordable care to many more patients than ever before. The HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL WORKFORCE is the first book to codify the transformations underway across health professions in the U.S. and to situate these changes within a larger context for both healthcare and non-healthcare audiences. This volume provides an important guide to understanding how health professionals fit within the emerging model of healthcare, and serves as a vital resource for readers in health policy management, medicine, public health, and organizational studies. Comprising seven unique chapters alongside commentaries from heads of healthcare organizations and influential physicians, THE HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL WORKFORCE provides a theoretical and practical benchmark for understanding the next generation of human capital in one of society's most important labor sectors.

Empowerment in the Workplace

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Empowerment in the Workplace by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee

Download or read book Empowerment in the Workplace written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market by : Morris M. Kleiner

Download or read book Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market written by Morris M. Kleiner and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the extent and influence of occupational licensing in the U.S. using a specially designed national labor force survey. Specifically, we provide new ways of measuring occupational licensing and consider what types of regulatory requirements and what level of government oversight contribute to wage gains and variability. Estimates from the survey indicated that 35 percent of employees were either licensed or certified by the government, and that 29 percent were fully licensed. Another 3 percent stated that all who worked in their job would eventually be required to be certified or licensed, bringing the total that are or eventually must be licensed or certified by government to 38 percent. We find that licensing is associated with about 14 percent higher wages, but the effect of governmental certification on pay is much smaller. Licensing by multiple political jurisdictions is associated with the highest wage gains relative to only local licensing. Specific requirements by the government for a worker to enter an occupation, such as education level and long internships, are positively associated with wages. We find little association between licensing and the variance of wages, in contrast to unions. Overall, our results show that occupational licensing is an important labor market phenomenon that can be measured in labor force surveys.

Encyclopedia of Health Economics

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Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0123756790
Total Pages : 1663 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Health Economics by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Health Economics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 1663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Health Economics offers students, researchers and policymakers objective and detailed empirical analysis and clear reviews of current theories and polices. It helps practitioners such as health care managers and planners by providing accessible overviews into the broad field of health economics, including the economics of designing health service finance and delivery and the economics of public and population health. This encyclopedia provides an organized overview of this diverse field, providing one trusted source for up-to-date research and analysis of this highly charged and fast-moving subject area. Features research-driven articles that are objective, better-crafted, and more detailed than is currently available in journals and handbooks Combines insights and scholarship across the breadth of health economics, where theory and empirical work increasingly come from non-economists Provides overviews of key policies, theories and programs in easy-to-understand language

OECD Employment Outlook 2022 Building Back More Inclusive Labour Markets

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264320091
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Employment Outlook 2022 Building Back More Inclusive Labour Markets by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Employment Outlook 2022 Building Back More Inclusive Labour Markets written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-09-09 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two years into the pandemic, economic activity has recovered faster than expected. However, the labour market recovery is still uneven across sectors and is threatened by the economic fallout from Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, which has generated the fastest growing humanitarian crisis in Europe since World War II, sending shockwaves throughout the world economy. The 2022 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook reviews the key labour market and social challenges for a more inclusive post-COVID‐19 recovery.

Occupational Licensure and Regulation

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Publisher : A E I Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Occupational Licensure and Regulation by : Simon Rottenberg

Download or read book Occupational Licensure and Regulation written by Simon Rottenberg and published by A E I Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Values and Vaccine Refusal

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131765319X
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Values and Vaccine Refusal by : Mark Navin

Download or read book Values and Vaccine Refusal written by Mark Navin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parents in the US and other societies are increasingly refusing to vaccinate their children, even though popular anti-vaccine myths – e.g. ‘vaccines cause autism’ – have been debunked. This book explains the epistemic and moral failures that lead some parents to refuse to vaccinate their children. First, some parents have good reasons not to defer to the expertise of physicians, and to rely instead upon their own judgments about how to care for their children. Unfortunately, epistemic self-reliance systematically distorts beliefs in areas of inquiry in which expertise is required (like vaccine immunology). Second, vaccine refusers and mainstream medical authorities are often committed to different values surrounding health and safety. For example, while vaccine advocates stress that vaccines have low rates of serious complications, vaccine refusers often resist vaccination because it is ‘unnatural’ and because they view vaccine-preventable diseases as a ‘natural’ part of childhood. Finally, parents who refuse vaccines rightly resist the utilitarian moral arguments – ‘for the greater good’ – that vaccine advocates sometimes make. Unfortunately, vaccine refusers also sometimes embrace a pernicious hyper-individualism that sanctions free-riding on herd immunity and that cultivates indifference to the interpersonal and social harms that unvaccinated persons may cause.

A Republic of Equals

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691206430
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis A Republic of Equals by : Jonathan Rothwell

Download or read book A Republic of Equals written by Jonathan Rothwell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this provocative book, economist Jonathan Rothwell draws on the latest empirical evidence from across the social sciences to demonstrate how rich democracies have allowed racial politics and the interests of those at the top to subordinate justice. He looks at the rise of nationalism in Europe and the United States, revealing how this trend overlaps with racial prejudice and is related to mounting frustration with a political status quo that thrives on income inequality and inefficient markets. But economic differences are by no means inevitable. Differences in group status by race and ethnicity are dynamic and have reversed themselves across continents and within countries. Inequalities persist between races in the United States because Black Americans are denied equal access to markets and public services. Meanwhile, elite professional associations carve out privileged market status for their members, leading to compensation in excess of their skills.

Analyzing the Labor Market Outcomes of Occupational Licensing

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing the Labor Market Outcomes of Occupational Licensing by : Maury Gittleman

Download or read book Analyzing the Labor Market Outcomes of Occupational Licensing written by Maury Gittleman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent assessments of occupational licensing have shown varying effects of the institution on labor-market outcomes. This study revisits the relationship between occupational licensing and labor-market outcomes by analyzing a new topical module to the Survey of Income and Program Participation. Relative to previously available data, the topical module offers more detailed information on occupational licensing attainment, with larger sample sizes and access to richer sets of person-level characteristics. We find that those with a license earn higher pay, are more likely to be employed, and have a higher probability of employer-sponsored health insurance offers.

Do Tougher Licensing Provisions Limit Occupational Entry?

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis Do Tougher Licensing Provisions Limit Occupational Entry? by : Morris M. Kleiner

Download or read book Do Tougher Licensing Provisions Limit Occupational Entry? written by Morris M. Kleiner and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of licensing as a mechanism to control entry into occupations has been a neglected area of both regulation and labor market research. This study examines the role of occupational licensing for entry into dentistry, an occupation with standards that vary by state. Our research first closely replicates Freeman's previous work on labor market cobwebs by employing national data to examine purely market phenomena in the determination of training for the dental profession. We subsequently approximate the government barrier to practice in the profession by adding a weighted average state examination pass rate to the previous model. Next, we employ pooled cross-section time series analysis to explore market determinants of professional entry with state level data. Finally, these results are supplemented by measures of statutory and pass rate entry restrictiveness. Our most consistent evidence suggests that a higher state licensing failure rate deters entry into dental practice.

The Rule of Experts

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Publisher : Cato Institute
ISBN 13 : 1937184439
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rule of Experts by : S. David Young

Download or read book The Rule of Experts written by S. David Young and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 1987-03-01 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S. David Young argues that occupational licensing results in the misallocation of labor and harms consumers.

Handbook of Labor Economics

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444534520
Total Pages : 1141 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Labor Economics by : Orley Ashenfelter

Download or read book Handbook of Labor Economics written by Orley Ashenfelter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 1141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.