Bacteriological Investigations Of The Human Oral Microbiota In Health And Disease

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Oral Biofilms

Author : S. Eick
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3318068527
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Oral Biofilms by : S. Eick

Download or read book Oral Biofilms written by S. Eick and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.

The New Science of Metagenomics

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309106761
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Science of Metagenomics by : National Research Council

Download or read book The New Science of Metagenomics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-06-24 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although we can't usually see them, microbes are essential for every part of human life-indeed all life on Earth. The emerging field of metagenomics offers a new way of exploring the microbial world that will transform modern microbiology and lead to practical applications in medicine, agriculture, alternative energy, environmental remediation, and many others areas. Metagenomics allows researchers to look at the genomes of all of the microbes in an environment at once, providing a "meta" view of the whole microbial community and the complex interactions within it. It's a quantum leap beyond traditional research techniques that rely on studying-one at a time-the few microbes that can be grown in the laboratory. At the request of the National Science Foundation, five Institutes of the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Energy, the National Research Council organized a committee to address the current state of metagenomics and identify obstacles current researchers are facing in order to determine how to best support the field and encourage its success. The New Science of Metagenomics recommends the establishment of a "Global Metagenomics Initiative" comprising a small number of large-scale metagenomics projects as well as many medium- and small-scale projects to advance the technology and develop the standard practices needed to advance the field. The report also addresses database needs, methodological challenges, and the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in supporting this new field.

The Human Microbiota and Chronic Disease

Author : Luigi Nibali
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118982878
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Microbiota and Chronic Disease by : Luigi Nibali

Download or read book The Human Microbiota and Chronic Disease written by Luigi Nibali and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbiota-associated pathology can be a direct result of changes in general bacterial composition, such as might be found in periodontitis and bacterial vaginosis, and/or as the result of colonization and/or overgrowth of so called keystone species. The disruption in the composition of the normal human microbiota, or dysbiosis, plays an integral role in human health and human disease. The Human Microbiota and Human Chronic Disease: Dysbioses as a Cause of Human Pathology discusses the role of the microbiota in maintaining human health. The text introduces the reader to the biology of microbial dysbiosis and its potential role in both bacterial disease and in idiopathic chronic disease states. Divided into five sections, the text delineates the concept of the human bacterial microbiota with particular attention being paid to the microbiotae of the gut, oral cavity and skin. A key methodology for exploring the microbiota, metagenomics, is also described. The book then shows the reader the cellular, molecular and genetic complexities of the bacterial microbiota, its myriad connections with the host and how these can maintain tissue homeostasis. Chapters then consider the role of dysbioses in human disease states, dealing with two of the commonest bacterial diseases of humanity – periodontitis and bacterial vaginosis. The composition of some, if not all microbiotas can be controlled by the diet and this is also dealt with in this section. The discussion moves on to the major ‘idiopathic’ diseases afflicting humans, and the potential role that dysbiosis could play in their induction and chronicity. The book then concludes with the therapeutic potential of manipulating the microbiota, introducing the concepts of probiotics, prebiotics and the administration of healthy human faeces (faecal microbiota transplantation), and then hypothesizes as to the future of medical treatment viewed from a microbiota-centric position. Provides an introduction to dysbiosis, or a disruption in the composition of the normal human microbiota Explains how microbiota-associated pathology and other chronic diseases can result from changes in general bacterial composition Explores the relationship humans have with their microbiota, and its significance in human health and disease Covers host genetic variants and their role in the composition of human microbial biofilms, integral to the relationship between human health and human disease Authored and edited by leaders in the field, The Human Microbiota and Human Chronic Disease will be an invaluable resource for clinicians, pathologists, immunologists, cell and molecular biologists, biochemists, and system biologists studying cellular and molecular bases of human diseases.

The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health

Author : Food Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030926586X
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health by : Food Forum

Download or read book The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health written by Food Forum and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included: The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.

Microbiome in Human Health and Disease

Author : Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811631565
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbiome in Human Health and Disease by : Pallaval Veera Bramhachari

Download or read book Microbiome in Human Health and Disease written by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the microbiome contributes to human health and disease. The microbiome has also become a burgeoning field of research in medicine, agriculture & environment. The readers will obtain profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems, medicine, agriculture & environment. The book may address several researchers, clinicians and scholars working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology. The application of new technologies has no doubt revolutionized the research initiatives providing new insights into the dynamics of these complex microbial communities and their role in medicine, agriculture & environment shall be more emphasized. Drawing on broad range concepts of disciplines and model systems, this book primarily provides a conceptual framework for understanding these human-microbe, animal-microbe & plant-microbe, interactions while shedding critical light on the scientific challenges that lie ahead. Furthermore this book explains why microbiome research demands a creative and interdisciplinary thinking—the capacity to combine microbiology with human, animal and plant physiology, ecological theory with immunology, and evolutionary perspectives with metabolic science.This book provides an accessible and authoritative guide to the fundamental principles of microbiome science, an exciting and fast-emerging new discipline that is reshaping many aspects of the life sciences. These microbial partners can also drive ecologically important traits, from thermal tolerance to diet in a typical immune system, and have contributed to animal and plant diversification over long evolutionary timescales. Also this book explains why microbiome research presents a more complete picture of the biology of humans and other animals, and how it can deliver novel therapies for human health and new strategies.

Human Microbiota in Health and Disease

Author : Bryan Tungland
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128146508
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Microbiota in Health and Disease by : Bryan Tungland

Download or read book Human Microbiota in Health and Disease written by Bryan Tungland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapy is a comprehensive discussion of all the aspects associated with gut microbiota early colonization, its development and maintenance, and its symbiotic relationship with the host to promote health. Chapters illustrate the complex mechanisms and metabolic signalling pathways related to how the gut microbiota maintain proper regulation of glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis and immune response, while mediating inflammatory processes involved in the etiology of many chronic disease conditions. Details are provided on the primary etiological factors of chronic disease, the effects of gut dysbiosis and its associated disease conditions, while providing an overview of therapeutic strategies involving dietary fiber and prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation therapy and probiotics. Throughout the chapters, a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed animal and human studies is provided as evidence related to the history of human exposure, safety, tolerance, toxicity, nomenclature, and clinical efficacy of utilizing prebiotic fructans, s, as well as probiotic intervention, and dietary modification in the prevention and intervention of chronic disease conditions. With common use today of pharmaceutical medicine in treating symptoms, and frequent overuse of antibiotics in chronic disease within mainstream medical practice, understanding the etiological mechanisms of dysbiosis-induced chronic disease, and natural approaches that offer prevention and potential cures for these diseases is of vital importance to overall human health. - Details the complex relationship between human microbiota in the gut, oral cavity, urogenital tract and skin as well as their colonization, development and impact of factors that influence the relationship - Illustrates the mechanisms associated with dysbiosis-associated inflammation and its role in the onset and progression in chronic disease - Provides the primary mechanisms and comprehensive scientific evidence for the use of dietary modification, and pro- and pre-biotics in preventing and intervening in chronic disease

Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309468698
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.

Microbial Biofilms

Author : Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535124358
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Biofilms by : Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran

Download or read book Microbial Biofilms written by Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the book Microbial Biofilms: Importance and applications, eminent scientists provide an up-to-date review of the present and future trends on biofilm-related research. This book is divided with four subdivisions as biofilm fundamentals, applications, health aspects, and their control. Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on microbial interactions in biofilms, pyocyanin, and extracellular DNA in facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, atomic force microscopic studies of biofilms, and biofilms in beverage industry. The book comprises a total of 21 chapters from valued contributions from world leading experts in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Serbia, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. This book may be used as a text or reference for everyone interested in biofilms and their applications. It is also highly recommended for environmental microbiologists, soil scientists, medical microbiologists, bioremediation experts, and microbiologists working in biocorrosion, biofouling, biodegradation, water microbiology, quorum sensing, and many other related areas. Scientists in academia, research laboratories, and industry will also find it of interest.

Microbial Inhabitants of Humans

Author : Michael Wilson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521841580
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Inhabitants of Humans by : Michael Wilson

Download or read book Microbial Inhabitants of Humans written by Michael Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook provides a unique overview of the microbial communities (normal indigenous microbiota) inhabiting those regions of the human body that are exposed to the external environment, including the skin, eyes, oral cavity and the respiratory, urinary, reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts. In order to understand why particular organisms are able to colonise an anatomical region and why the resulting microbial community has a particular composition, an ecological approach is essential. Consequently, the key anatomical and physiological characteristics of each body site are described throughout the book. The crucial roles of the indigenous microbiota in protecting against exogenous pathogens, regulating the development of our immune system and mucosae, and providing nutrients are also discussed. The involvement of these organisms in infections of healthy and debilitated individuals are discussed throughout and methods of manipulating the composition of the indigenous microbiota for the benefit of human health are also described.

The Chemistry of Microbiomes

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309458390
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Microbiomes by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Chemistry of Microbiomes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has witnessed a complete revolution in the understanding and description of bacteria in eco- systems and microbial assemblages, and how they are regulated by complex interactions among microbes, hosts, and environments. The human organism is no longer considered a monolithic assembly of tissues, but is instead a true ecosystem composed of human cells, bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. As such, humans are not unlike other complex ecosystems containing microbial assemblages observed in the marine and earth environments. They all share a basic functional principle: Chemical communication is the universal language that allows such groups to properly function together. These chemical networks regulate interactions like metabolic exchange, antibiosis and symbiosis, and communication. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Chemical Sciences Roundtable organized a series of four seminars in the autumn of 2016 to explore the current advances, opportunities, and challenges toward unveiling this "chemical dark matter" and its role in the regulation and function of different ecosystems. The first three focused on specific ecosystemsâ€"earth, marine, and humanâ€"and the last on all microbiome systems. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the seminars.

The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease

Author : Dirk Haller
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319905457
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease by : Dirk Haller

Download or read book The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease written by Dirk Haller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the gut microbiome contributes to human health. The readers will get profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems. The tools of choice to study the ecology of these highly-specialized microorganism communities such as high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic mining will be presented. In addition the most common diseases associated to the composition of the gut flora are discussed in detail. The book will address researchers, clinicians and advanced students working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology.

Atlas of Oral Microbiology: From Healthy Microflora to Disease

Author : Xuedong Zhou
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811578990
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Atlas of Oral Microbiology: From Healthy Microflora to Disease by : Xuedong Zhou

Download or read book Atlas of Oral Microbiology: From Healthy Microflora to Disease written by Xuedong Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of Atlas of Oral Microbiology: From Healthy Microflora to Disease (ISBN 978-0-12-802234-4), with two new features: we add about 60 pictures of 14 newly isolated microbes from human dental plaque, at the same time, we re-organize the content of this book and provide more research progress about the oral microbiome bank of China, the invasion of oral microbiota into the gut, and the relationships between Oral Microflora and Human Diseases. This book is keeping up with the advanced edge of the international research field of oral microbiology. It innovatively gives us a complete description of the oral microbial systems according to different oral ecosystems. It collects a large number of oral microbial pictures, including cultural pictures, colonies photos, and electron microscopy photos. It is by far the most abundant oral microbiology atlas consists of the largest number of pictures. In the meantime, it also described in detail a variety of experimental techniques, including microbiological isolation, culture, and identification. It is an atlas with strong practical function. The editors and writers of this book have long been engaged in teaching and research work in oral microbiology and oral microecology. This book deserves a broad audience, and it will meet the needs of researchers, clinicians, teachers, and students major in biology, dental medicine, basic medicine, or clinical medicine. It can also be used to facilitate teaching and international academic exchanges.

Human Microbes - The Power Within

Author : Vasu D. Appanna
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811076847
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Microbes - The Power Within by : Vasu D. Appanna

Download or read book Human Microbes - The Power Within written by Vasu D. Appanna and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique perspective on the invisible organ, a body part that has been visualized only recently. It guides the readers into the world of the microbial constituents that make humans the way they are. The vitamins they produce, the smell they generate, the signals they create, and the molecular guards they elaborate are some of the benefits they bestow on humans. After introducing the notion as to why microbes are an integral component in the development of humans, the book examines the genesis of the microbiome and describes how the resident bacteria work in partnership with the skin, digestive tract, sexual organs, mouth and lungs to execute vital physiological functions. It then discusses the diseases that are triggered by the disruption of the harmonious relationships amongst these diverse systems and provides microbial cures to ailments such as obesity and digestive complications. Finally, the book focuses on the future when the workings of the human microbes will be fully unravelled. Societal changes in health education, the establishment of the microbiome bank, the fight against hunger, space travel, designer traits and enhanced security are explained. Each chapter is accompanied by captivating illustrations and ends with a visual summary. Dr. Appanna has been researching for over 30 years on various aspects of microbial and human cellular systems. He is a professor of biochemistry and has also served as Department Chair and Dean of the Faculty at Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada. The book is aimed at readers enrolled in medical, chiropractic, nursing, pharmacy, and health science programs. Practicing health-care professionals and continuing education learners will also find the content beneficial.

Microbiota of the Human Body

Author : Andreas Schwiertz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319312480
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbiota of the Human Body by : Andreas Schwiertz

Download or read book Microbiota of the Human Body written by Andreas Schwiertz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-09 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbes can now be found in nearly every niche the human body offers. However, the complexity of the microbiota of a given site depends on the particular environmental condition thereof. Only microbes which are able to grow under these conditions, will prevail. Recent publications imply that the microorganisms do not only have multiple, critical consequences for host physiological processes such as postnatal development, immunomodulation and energy supply, but also effects on neurodevelopment, behavior and cognition. Within this book we will focus on the techniques behind these developments, epigenomics and on the various parts of the human body which are inhabited by microorganism such as the mouth, the gut, the skin and the vagina. In addition, chapters are dedicated to the possible manipulations of the microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics and faecal transplantation.

The Micro-organisms of the Human Mouth

Author : Willoughby Dayton Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis The Micro-organisms of the Human Mouth by : Willoughby Dayton Miller

Download or read book The Micro-organisms of the Human Mouth written by Willoughby Dayton Miller and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microorganisms Indigenous to Man

Author : Theodor Rosebury
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258355777
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (557 download)

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Book Synopsis Microorganisms Indigenous to Man by : Theodor Rosebury

Download or read book Microorganisms Indigenous to Man written by Theodor Rosebury and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Human Microbiota and Microbiome

Author : Julian R Marchesi
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1780640498
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Microbiota and Microbiome by : Julian R Marchesi

Download or read book The Human Microbiota and Microbiome written by Julian R Marchesi and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thousands of different microbial species colonize the human body, and are essential for our survival. This book presents a review of the current understanding of human microbiomes, the functions that they bring to the host, how we can model them, their role in health and disease and the methods used to explore them. Current research into areas such as the long-term effect of antibiotics makes this a subject of considerable interest. This title is essential reading for researchers and students of microbiology.