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Propositions

Author : Robert Stalnaker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197647030
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Propositions by : Robert Stalnaker

Download or read book Propositions written by Robert Stalnaker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A defense of an ontology of propositions and of some logical resources for representing them. It begins with an austere formulation of a theory of propositions in a first-order extensional logic, but then uses the commitments of this theory to justify an enrichment to modal logic - the logic of necessity and possibility - as an appropriate framework for regimented languages that are constructed to represent any of our scientific and philosophical commitments. Both the proof-theory and the model theory of a first-order quantified modal logic are developed in detail, and it is argued that these formal resources help to sharpen questions about ontology and predication. The clarification of predication helps to provide a motivation for extending our ontological commitment to properties and relations that are expressed by predicates, and for extending the logic to a higher-order modal logic that provides a conception of metaphysical modality that allows for the contingent existence, not only of persons and physical objects, but also of properties, relations and propositions. Even though both the specific ontological commitments defended (to propositions, properties and relations) and the logical resources that are used to defend them (modal and higher-order logic) were famously rejected by W. V. Quine, the book adopts a self-consciously neo-Quinean methodology, and argues that the theory that is developed helps to motivate and clarify Quine's naturalistic metaphysical picture"--

Introduction to Quadratic Forms over Fields

Author : T.Y. Lam
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 9780821872413
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (724 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Quadratic Forms over Fields by : T.Y. Lam

Download or read book Introduction to Quadratic Forms over Fields written by T.Y. Lam and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new version of the author's prizewinning book, Algebraic Theory of Quadratic Forms (W. A. Benjamin, Inc., 1973), gives a modern and self-contained introduction to the theory of quadratic forms over fields of characteristic different from two. Starting with few prerequisites beyond linear algebra, the author charts an expert course from Witt's classical theory of quadratic forms, quaternion and Clifford algebras, Artin-Schreier theory of formally real fields, and structural theorems on Witt rings, to the theory of Pfister forms, function fields, and field invariants. These main developments are seamlessly interwoven with excursions into Brauer-Wall groups, local and global fields, trace forms, Galois theory, and elementary algebraic K-theory, to create a uniquely original treatment of quadratic form theory over fields. Two new chapters totaling more than 100 pages have been added to the earlier incarnation of this book to take into account some of the newer results and more recent viewpoints in the area. As is characteristic of this author's expository style, the presentation of the main material in this book is interspersed with a copious number of carefully chosen examples to illustrate the general theory. This feature, together with a rich stock of some 280 exercises for the thirteen chapters, greatly enhances the pedagogical value of this book, both as a graduate text and as a reference work for researchers in algebra, number theory, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, and geometric topology.

An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory and Applications

Author : Julio González-Díaz
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
ISBN 13 : 1470475634
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory and Applications by : Julio González-Díaz

Download or read book An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory and Applications written by Julio González-Díaz and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Game theory provides a mathematical setting for analyzing competition and cooperation in interactive situations. The theory has been famously applied in economics, but is relevant in many other sciences, such as psychology, computer science, artificial intelligence, biology, and political science. This book presents an introductory and up-to-date course on game theory addressed to mathematicians and economists, and to other scientists having a basic mathematical background. The book is self-contained, providing a formal description of the classic game-theoretic concepts together with rigorous proofs of the main results in the field. The theory is illustrated through abundant examples, applications, and exercises. The style is distinctively concise, while offering motivations and interpretations of the theory to make the book accessible to a wide readership. The basic concepts and results of game theory are given a formal treatment, and the mathematical tools necessary to develop them are carefully presented. In this second edition, the content on cooperative games is considerably strengthened, with a new chapter on applications of cooperative games and operations research, including some material on computational aspects and applications outside academia.

An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory

Author : Julio González-Díaz
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
ISBN 13 : 1470465736
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory by : Julio González-Díaz

Download or read book An Introductory Course on Mathematical Game Theory written by Julio González-Díaz and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Game theory provides a mathematical setting for analyzing competition and cooperation in interactive situations. The theory has been famously applied in economics, but is relevant in many other sciences, such as political science, biology, and, more recently, computer science. This book presents an introductory and up-to-date course on game theory addressed to mathematicians and economists, and to other scientists having a basic mathematical background. The book is self-contained, providing a formal description of the classic game-theoretic concepts together with rigorous proofs of the main results in the field. The theory is illustrated through abundant examples, applications, and exercises. The style is distinctively concise, while offering motivations and interpretations of the theory to make the book accessible to a wide readership. The basic concepts and results of game theory are given a formal treatment, and the mathematical tools necessary to develop them are carefully presented. Cooperative games are explained in detail, with bargaining and TU-games being treated as part of a general framework. The authors stress the relation between game theory and operations research. The book is suitable for a graduate or an advanced undergraduate course on game theory.

Verification: Theory and Practice

Author : Zohar Manna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540210024
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Verification: Theory and Practice by : Zohar Manna

Download or read book Verification: Theory and Practice written by Zohar Manna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This festschrift volume constitutes a unique tribute to Zohar Manna on the occasion of his 64th birthday. Like the scientific work of Zohar Manna, the 32 research articles span the entire scope of the logical half of computer science. Also included is a paean to Zohar Manna by the volume editor. The articles presented are devoted to the theory of computing, logics of programs, automated deduction, concurrent systems, reactive systems, real- time systems, hybridsystems, hardware and software verification, and program synthesis.

A Computational Logic

Author : Robert S. Boyer
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483277887
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis A Computational Logic by : Robert S. Boyer

Download or read book A Computational Logic written by Robert S. Boyer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACM Monograph Series: A Computational Logic focuses on the use of induction in proving theorems, including the use of lemmas and axioms, free variables, equalities, and generalization. The publication first elaborates on a sketch of the theory and two simple examples, a precise definition of the theory, and correctness of a tautology-checker. Topics include mechanical proofs, informal development, formal specification of the problem, well-founded relations, natural numbers, and literal atoms. The book then examines the use of type information to simplify formulas, use of axioms and lemmas as rewrite rules, and the use of definitions. Topics include nonrecursive functions, computing values, free variables in hypothesis, infinite backwards chaining, infinite looping, computing type sets, and type prescriptions. The manuscript takes a look at rewriting terms and simplifying clauses, eliminating destructors and irrelevance, using equalities, and generalization. Concerns include reasons for eliminating isolated hypotheses, precise statement of the generalization heuristic, restricting generalizations, precise use of equalities, and multiple destructors and infinite looping. The publication is a vital source of data for researchers interested in computational logic.

Automated Reasoning

Author : David Basin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540259848
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Automated Reasoning by : David Basin

Download or read book Automated Reasoning written by David Basin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-06-08 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 2nd International Joint C- ference on Automated Reasoning (IJCAR 2004) held July 4–8, 2004 in Cork, Ireland. IJCAR 2004 continued the tradition established at the ?rst IJCAR in Siena,Italyin2001,whichbroughttogetherdi?erentresearchcommunitieswo- ing in automated reasoning. The current IJCAR is the fusion of the following conferences: CADE: The International Conference on Automated Deduction, CALCULEMUS: Symposium on the Integration of Symbolic Computation and Mechanized Reasoning, FroCoS: Workshop on Frontiers of Combining Systems, FTP: The International Workshop on First-Order Theorem Proving, and TABLEAUX: The International Conference on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods. There were 74 research papers submitted to IJCAR as well as 12 system descriptions. After extensive reviewing, 26 research papers and 6 system - scriptions were accepted for presentation at the conference and publication in this volume. In addition, this volume also contains papers from the three invited speakers and a description of the CADE ATP system competition. We would like to acknowledge the enormous amount of work put in by the members of the program committee, the various organizing and steering c- mittees, the IJCAR o?cials, the invited speakers, and the additional referees named on the following pages. We would also like to thank Achim Brucker and Barbara Geiser for their help in producing this volume.

Theories, Sites, Toposes

Author : Olivia Caramello
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019875891X
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Theories, Sites, Toposes by : Olivia Caramello

Download or read book Theories, Sites, Toposes written by Olivia Caramello and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to Grothendieck, the notion of topos is "the bed or deep river where come to be married geometry and algebra, topology and arithmetic, mathematical logic and category theory, the world of the continuous and that of discontinuous or discrete structures". It is what he had "conceived of most broad to perceive with finesse, by the same language rich of geometric resonances, an "essence" which is common to situations most distant from each other, coming from one region or another of the vast universe of mathematical things". The aim of this book is to present a theory and a number of techniques which allow to give substance to Grothendieck's vision by building on the notion of classifying topos educed by categorical logicians. Mathematical theories (formalized within first-order logic) give rise to geometric objects called sites; the passage from sites to their associated toposes embodies the passage from the logical presentation of theories to their mathematical content, i.e. from syntax to semantics. The essential ambiguity given by the fact that any topos is associated in general with an infinite number of theories or different sites allows to study the relations between different theories, and hence the theories themselves, by using toposes as 'bridges' between these different presentations. The expression or calculation of invariants of toposes in terms of the theories associated with them or their sites of definition generates a great number of results and notions varying according to the different types of presentation, giving rise to a veritable mathematical morphogenesis.

Reasoning Web: Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering

Author : Jeff Z. Pan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319494937
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasoning Web: Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering by : Jeff Z. Pan

Download or read book Reasoning Web: Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering written by Jeff Z. Pan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains some lecture notes of the 12th Reasoning Web Summer School (RW 2016), held in Aberdeen, UK, in September 2016. In 2016, the theme of the school was “Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering”. The notion of knowledge graph has become popular since Google started to use it to improve its search engine in 2012. Inspired by the success of Google, knowledge graphs are gaining momentum in the World Wide Web arena. Recent years have witnessed increasing industrial take-ups by other Internet giants, including Facebook's Open Graph and Microsoft's Satori. The aim of the lecture note is to provide a logical foundation for constructing and querying knowledge graphs. Our journey starts from the introduction of Knowledge Graph as well as its history, and the construction of knowledge graphs by considering both explicit and implicit author intentions. The book will then cover various topics, including how to revise and reuse ontologies (schema of knowledge graphs) in a safe way, how to combine navigational queries with basic pattern matching queries for knowledge graph, how to setup a environment to do experiments on knowledge graphs, how to deal with inconsistencies and fuzziness in ontologies and knowledge graphs, and how to combine machine learning and machine reasoning for knowledge graphs.

Logical Foundations of Computer Science

Author : Sergei Artemov
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540727345
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Foundations of Computer Science by : Sergei Artemov

Download or read book Logical Foundations of Computer Science written by Sergei Artemov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-06-30 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Logical Foundations of Computer Science, LFCS 2007, held in New York, NY, USA in June 2007. The volume presents 36 revised refereed papers that address all current aspects of logic in computer science.

Polyfold and Fredholm Theory

Author : Helmut Hofer
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030780074
Total Pages : 1001 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Polyfold and Fredholm Theory by : Helmut Hofer

Download or read book Polyfold and Fredholm Theory written by Helmut Hofer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book pioneers a nonlinear Fredholm theory in a general class of spaces called polyfolds. The theory generalizes certain aspects of nonlinear analysis and differential geometry, and combines them with a pinch of category theory to incorporate local symmetries. On the differential geometrical side, the book introduces a large class of `smooth’ spaces and bundles which can have locally varying dimensions (finite or infinite-dimensional). These bundles come with an important class of sections, which display properties reminiscent of classical nonlinear Fredholm theory and allow for implicit function theorems. Within this nonlinear analysis framework, a versatile transversality and perturbation theory is developed to also cover equivariant settings. The theory presented in this book was initiated by the authors between 2007-2010, motivated by nonlinear moduli problems in symplectic geometry. Such problems are usually described locally as nonlinear elliptic systems, and they have to be studied up to a notion of isomorphism. This introduces symmetries, since such a system can be isomorphic to itself in different ways. Bubbling-off phenomena are common and have to be completely understood to produce algebraic invariants. This requires a transversality theory for bubbling-off phenomena in the presence of symmetries. Very often, even in concrete applications, geometric perturbations are not general enough to achieve transversality, and abstract perturbations have to be considered. The theory is already being successfully applied to its intended applications in symplectic geometry, and should find applications to many other areas where partial differential equations, geometry and functional analysis meet. Written by its originators, Polyfold and Fredholm Theory is an authoritative and comprehensive treatise of polyfold theory. It will prove invaluable for researchers studying nonlinear elliptic problems arising in geometric contexts.

Transactions on Rough Sets XXII

Author : James F. Peters
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3662627981
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (626 download)

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Book Synopsis Transactions on Rough Sets XXII by : James F. Peters

Download or read book Transactions on Rough Sets XXII written by James F. Peters and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The LNCS journal Transactions on Rough Sets is devoted to the entire spectrum of rough sets related issues, from logical and mathematical foundations, through all aspects of rough set theory and its applications, such as data mining, knowledge discovery, and intelligent information processing, to relations between rough sets and other approaches to uncertainty, vagueness, and incompleteness, such as fuzzy sets and theory of evidence. Volume XXII in the series is a continuation of a number of research streams that have grown out of the seminal work of Zdzislaw Pawlak during the first decade of the 21st century.

Truth and Falsehood

Author : Yaroslav Shramko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400709072
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth and Falsehood by : Yaroslav Shramko

Download or read book Truth and Falsehood written by Yaroslav Shramko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a thoroughly elaborated logical theory of generalized truth-values understood as subsets of some established set of (basic) truth values. After elucidating the importance of the very notion of a truth value in logic and philosophy, we examine some possible ways of generalizing this notion. The useful four-valued logic of first-degree entailment by Nuel Belnap and the notion of a bilattice (a lattice of truth values with two ordering relations) constitute the basis for further generalizations. By doing so we elaborate the idea of a multilattice, and most notably, a trilattice of truth values – a specific algebraic structure with information ordering and two distinct logical orderings, one for truth and another for falsity. Each logical order not only induces its own logical vocabulary, but determines also its own entailment relation. We consider both semantic and syntactic ways of formalizing these relations and construct various logical calculi.

Profiting from Multiple Intelligences in the Workplace

Author : Joyce Martin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135174867X
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Profiting from Multiple Intelligences in the Workplace by : Joyce Martin

Download or read book Profiting from Multiple Intelligences in the Workplace written by Joyce Martin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000. Economic competitiveness depends on having the smartest workforce possible. Organizations who want to survive and grow need to be open to new ways of uncovering and developing their people’s abilities. Profiting from Multiple Intelligences in the Workplace turns Howard Gardner’s revolutionary theory of multiple intelligences into user-friendly tools for understanding and assessing success in everyone from CEOs to cleaners. It provides a complete system for: the examination of staff needs matching applicants and job specifications successful interviewing and induction effective supervision focused training and development. The results not only allow the identification of individual skills but also uncover the mosaic of skills needed for multiskilling, multitasking and efficient teamwork. No other book provides a method of translating the theory of multiple intelligences into workplace practice and, unlike other books which centre on only one intelligence (for example emotional intelligence), the inventories presented here work towards a balance between traditional skills, general competencies and social skills.

From Kant to Hilbert Volume 2

Author : William Bragg Ewald
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198505361
Total Pages : 709 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis From Kant to Hilbert Volume 2 by : William Bragg Ewald

Download or read book From Kant to Hilbert Volume 2 written by William Bragg Ewald and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work brings together a comprehensive selection of mathematical works from the period 1707-1930. During this time the foundations of modern mathematics were laid, and From Kant to Hilbert provides an overview of the foundational work in each of the main branches of mathmeatics with narratives showing how they were linked. Now available as a separate volume.

Algebraic Specifications in Software Engineering

Author : Ivo Van Horebeek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642750303
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Algebraic Specifications in Software Engineering by : Ivo Van Horebeek

Download or read book Algebraic Specifications in Software Engineering written by Ivo Van Horebeek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I prefer to view formal methods as tools. the use of which might be helpful." E. W. Dijkstra Algebraic specifications are about to be accepted by industry. Many projects in which algebraic specifications have been used as a design tool have been carried out. What prevents algebraic specifications from breaking through is the absence of introductory descriptions and tools supporting the construction of algebraic specifications. On the one hand. interest from industry will stimulate people to make introductions and tools. whereas on the other hand the existence of introductions and tools will stimulate industry to use algebraic specifications. This book should be seen as a contribution towards creating this virtuous circle. The book will be of interest to software designers and programmers. It can also be used as material for an introductory course on algebraic specifications and software engineering at undergraduate or graduate level. Nowadays. there is general agreement that in large software projects appropriate specifications are a must in order to obtain quality software. Informal specifications alone are certainly not appropriate because they are incomplete. inconsistent. inaccurate and ambiguous and they rapidly become bulky and therefore useless. The only way to overcome this problem is to use formal specifications. An important remark here is that a specification formalism (language) alone is not sufficient. What is also needed is a design method to write specifications in that formalism.

Pillars of Computer Science

Author : Arnon Avron
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540781277
Total Pages : 699 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Pillars of Computer Science by : Arnon Avron

Download or read book Pillars of Computer Science written by Arnon Avron and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-08 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over half a century, Boris (Boaz) Trakhtenbrot has made seminal contributions to virtually all of the central areas of theoretical computer science. This festschrift volume readily illustrates the profound influence he has had on the field.