Autoignition And Combustion In Diesel Engines Under Cold Starting Conditions

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Autoignition and Combustion in Diesel Engines Under Cold Starting Conditions

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Autoignition and Combustion in Diesel Engines Under Cold Starting Conditions by :

Download or read book Autoignition and Combustion in Diesel Engines Under Cold Starting Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report includes the results of an investigation on the autoignition and combustion processes in diesel engines at low ambient temperatures. Experiments were conducted on three different single-cylinder direct-injection, four-stroke engines, using fuels of different cetane numbers and physical properties. Tests covered ambient temperatures ranging from 250C to -250C. The engines were soaked at least eight hours before a cold start test. The analysis indicated that the difficulty in starting diesel engines is caused by combustion instability at low temperatures. Combustion instability will cause the engine to misfire once before it fires again. This is referred to as 8-stroke-cycle operation. If it misfires twice, it is referred to as l2-stroke-cycle operation, and so on. This pattern was found to be reproducable. The engine may start on a l2-stroke-cycle operation at low temperatures, shift to an 8-stroke-cycle, and finally shifts to the regular 4-stroke-cycle. This pattern has been found not to be engine or fuel specific. A detailed thermodynamic and combustion analysis of the experimental data indicated that the cause for combustion instability is a combination of dynamic, physical and chemical kinetics factors. Recommendations are made to reduce combustion instability by using the electronic controls already available on engines.

Part I: Effect of Nitric Oxide and Other Diluents on Cold Starting, Combustion Instability, and White Smoke Emissions in Diesel Engines. Part II: Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions With JP-8

Download Part I: Effect of Nitric Oxide and Other Diluents on Cold Starting, Combustion Instability, and White Smoke Emissions in Diesel Engines. Part II: Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions With JP-8 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Part I: Effect of Nitric Oxide and Other Diluents on Cold Starting, Combustion Instability, and White Smoke Emissions in Diesel Engines. Part II: Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions With JP-8 by :

Download or read book Part I: Effect of Nitric Oxide and Other Diluents on Cold Starting, Combustion Instability, and White Smoke Emissions in Diesel Engines. Part II: Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions With JP-8 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report covers an investigation aimed at developing electronic control strategies to improve the cold startability of diesel engines for military, dual-use and hybrid electric vehicles. The emphasis is on the analysis the processes that affect the cranking and acceleration modes during starting. The analysis indicated that NO present in the residual and recirculated gases has on effect on the order or the activation energy of the global autoignition reactions. The mathematical models developed for the two modes are able to determine the zones of misfiring, the number of cranking cycles and the causes of misfiring after firing, known as combustion instability. Furthermore, the research identified the strategy needed to reduce combustion instability. Also, the models developed in this work showed very clearly that the Cetane number is not a good indicator of the startability of the engine, and that fuel volatility plays a major part in the success of the autoignition process. In this regard JP-8 proved to be a better fuel that DF2, as far as the number of cranking cycles. However, its combustion is unstable if compared with DF2. The results indicated that the problems with cold starting of diesel engines with JP-8 are caused by the fuel injection strategy used in the commercial engines.

Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions with JP-8 Fuel

Author : Naeim A. Henein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (228 download)

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Book Synopsis Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions with JP-8 Fuel by : Naeim A. Henein

Download or read book Autoignition, Combustion Instability and White Smoke Under Transient Conditions with JP-8 Fuel written by Naeim A. Henein and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project is to reduce the cold starting problems of military and commercial heavy-duty diesel engines, particularly the emission of white smoke. The failure of the autoignition process and/or combustion instability has been found to be the major causes of the cold starting problems. The approach is mainly experimental, supported by detailed analysis of the autoignition process. Models for the ignition delay period are developed considering the heterogeneity of the charge and the effect of piston motion during the ignition delay period. The maps developed for the stable combustion zone agreed fairly well with the experimental data. Also, the effect of diluents, such as exhaust gas recirculated into the fresh air (EGR) is experimentally investigated in two single-cylinder diesel engines. The effect of EGR on the global activation energy of the autoignition reactions is currently under investigation.

HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry

Author : Hua Zhao
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry by : Hua Zhao

Download or read book HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry written by Hua Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)/controlled auto-ignition (CAI) has emerged as one of the most promising engine technologies with the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance, offering reduced nitrous oxides and particulate matter alongside efficiency comparable with modern diesel engines. Despite the considerable advantages, its operational range is rather limited and controlling the combustion (timing of ignition and rate of energy release) is still an area of on-going research. Commercial applications are, however, close to reality. HCCI a.

Diesel Engine Cold-Starting Studies: Optically Accessible Engine Experiments and Modeling

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Diesel Engine Cold-Starting Studies: Optically Accessible Engine Experiments and Modeling by :

Download or read book Diesel Engine Cold-Starting Studies: Optically Accessible Engine Experiments and Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental and numerical study was carried out to simulate the diesel spray breakup, vaporization, ignition, and combustion during cold starting conditions. This report summarizes the optical diagnostics and multi-dimensional computation results for two single-cylinder optically accessible engines. The results showed that optically accessible engines provide very useful information for studying the diesel cold starting conditions, which also provide a critical test for diesel combustion models. The pre-ignition chemistry showed great sensitivity to the compressed air temperature. KIVA with a modified shell model responds accordingly to the change of inlet air temperatures and fuel injection parameters. However, other submodels do not have enough sensitivity to simulate the starting of diesel engine without careful validation and further improvements. A method to compute the ignition delay in engines from data obtained in constant volume vessels was also developed. The method accounts for the effect of variations in charge pressure and temperature on the formation of the chain carriers from the combustible mixture during the ID period. A comparison is made between the computed ID and data obtained in a LABECO research engine under different ambient temperatures ranging from +200 to - 100 C.

Experimental Investigation on Combustion and Ionization During Cold Starting and Idling of a Diesel Engine

Author : Sahil Deodatta Sane
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation on Combustion and Ionization During Cold Starting and Idling of a Diesel Engine by : Sahil Deodatta Sane

Download or read book Experimental Investigation on Combustion and Ionization During Cold Starting and Idling of a Diesel Engine written by Sahil Deodatta Sane and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel engine performance during cold starting is very crucial for smooth engine start at undesirable emission level. The development of cold start strategies that improve combustion stability relies mainly on the understanding of the combustion process during the cold starting. Even for modern diesel engines, the conditions during the cold start is far from normal operation characterized by large amount of unburned hydrocarbon emissions and long start to idling time. Thus, the use of an in-cylinder combustion sensor to measure the combustion quality during engine starting can significantly improve engine cold start control strategies. The ion current sensor has the potential to be used as onboard sensor to measure the combustion process during engine operation and can be used as feedback to the engine control unit. The aim of this research is to study and determine the combustion instability and its impact on various combustion and ionization characteristics by performing cycle analysis for a comparison between engine performance using ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and aviation jet propulsion (JP8) fuels during cold start at 25 degrees Celsius. It also shows a comparison between two ion current sensors during low load idling using the same fuels. For this purpose, the glow plug and fuel injector of VW 2.0L turbocharged diesel engine were modified and electrically insulated to be used as ion current sensors. The experimental test was conducted to study the combustion process and emission product produced during low load idling.

Autoignition and Combustion of Fuels in Diesel Engines Under Low Ambient Temperatures

Author : N. A. Henein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (454 download)

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Book Synopsis Autoignition and Combustion of Fuels in Diesel Engines Under Low Ambient Temperatures by : N. A. Henein

Download or read book Autoignition and Combustion of Fuels in Diesel Engines Under Low Ambient Temperatures written by N. A. Henein and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Vehicle Diesel Engine Start-up Process

Author : Paweł Droździel
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000755924
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Vehicle Diesel Engine Start-up Process by : Paweł Droździel

Download or read book The Vehicle Diesel Engine Start-up Process written by Paweł Droździel and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-26 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The start-up process constitutes one of the most important states of vehicle internal combustion engine operation. It enables the internal combustion engine to run autonomously in neutral gear. Increased emission of toxic components of exhaust gases, significant wear intensity of friction pairs of the engine, and occurrence of sudden overloads in the vehicle electrical start-up system can be observed during the start-up process. The Vehicle Diesel Engine Start-up Process: Operational and Environmental Aspects offers insight into the start-up process of a vehicle's diesel engine and is the result of the author’s academic research carried out for more than 25 years. The book discusses the impact of road transport on the natural environment of humans, with special attention to toxic emissions from diesel engines in particular. The multi-stage start-up process of an internal combustion engine is analyzed in terms of actual operation of vehicles in a selected transport system. Attention is also paid to the main factors that influence the start-up parameters of a diesel engine. The book is aimed at professionals and academics in mechanical engineering with an interest in environmental and operational aspects of internal combustion engines.

Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines

Author : F. Zhao
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008055279X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines by : F. Zhao

Download or read book Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

A Computational Study of In-cylinder Cold Starting Processes in a Diesel Engine

Author : Manuel A. Gonzalez D.
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis A Computational Study of In-cylinder Cold Starting Processes in a Diesel Engine by : Manuel A. Gonzalez D.

Download or read book A Computational Study of In-cylinder Cold Starting Processes in a Diesel Engine written by Manuel A. Gonzalez D. and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Multidimensional Modeling of Fuel Composition Effects on Combustion and Cold-starting in Diesel Engines

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Multidimensional Modeling of Fuel Composition Effects on Combustion and Cold-starting in Diesel Engines by :

Download or read book Multidimensional Modeling of Fuel Composition Effects on Combustion and Cold-starting in Diesel Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A computer model developed for describing multicomponent fuel vaporization, and ignition in diesel engines has been applied in this study to understand cold-starting and the parameters that are of significant influence on this phenomena. This research utilizes recent improvements in spray vaporization and combustion models that have been implemented in the KIVA-II CFD code. Typical engine fuels are blends of various fuels species, i.e., multicomponent. Thus, the original single component fuel vaporization model in KIVA-II was replaced by a multicomponent fuel vaporization model (based on the model suggested by Jin and Borman). The model has been extended to model diesel sprays under typical diesel conditions, including the effect of fuel cetane number variation. Necessary modifications were carried out in the atomization and collision sub-models. The ignition model was also modified to account for fuel composition effects by modifying the Shell ignition model. The improved model was applied to simulate diesel engine cold-starting. The effect of fuel residual from previous cycles was studied and was found to be important. Other injection parameters, such as injection timing and duration were also studied. Another factor that was investigated was engine geometry and how it can be modified to improve on cold-starting in diesel engines. Cold-starting was found to be enhanced by the presence of a small fuel vapor residual and by a shorter injection duration, while engine geometry modifications were found to be helpful in selecting an optimum location on the cylinder head for an ignition aid.

Research in Progress

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Research in Progress by :

Download or read book Research in Progress written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Internal Combustion Engine Handbook

Author : Richard Van Basshuysen
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768082870
Total Pages : 1152 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Internal Combustion Engine Handbook by : Richard Van Basshuysen

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engine Handbook written by Richard Van Basshuysen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 120 authors from science and industry have documented this essential resource for students, practitioners, and professionals. Comprehensively covering the development of the internal combustion engine (ICE), the information presented captures expert knowledge and serves as an essential resource that illustrates the latest level of knowledge about engine development. Particular attention is paid toward the most up-to-date theory and practice addressing thermodynamic principles, engine components, fuels, and emissions. Details and data cover classification and characteristics of reciprocating engines, along with fundamentals about diesel and spark ignition internal combustion engines, including insightful perspectives about the history, components, and complexities of the present-day and future IC engines. Chapter highlights include: • Classification of reciprocating engines • Friction and Lubrication • Power, efficiency, fuel consumption • Sensors, actuators, and electronics • Cooling and emissions • Hybrid drive systems Nearly 1,800 illustrations and more than 1,300 bibliographic references provide added value to this extensive study. “Although a large number of technical books deal with certain aspects of the internal combustion engine, there has been no publication until now that covers all of the major aspects of diesel and SI engines.” Dr.-Ing. E. h. Richard van Basshuysen and Professor Dr.-Ing. Fred Schäfer, the editors, “Internal Combustion Engines Handbook: Basics, Components, Systems, and Perpsectives”

Fuel Property Effects on the Unaided Cold Starting of a Two-Cycle Diesel Engine

Author : Alan F. Montemayor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuel Property Effects on the Unaided Cold Starting of a Two-Cycle Diesel Engine by : Alan F. Montemayor

Download or read book Fuel Property Effects on the Unaided Cold Starting of a Two-Cycle Diesel Engine written by Alan F. Montemayor and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this program, a Detroit Diesel 4-53T was heavily insulated and cooled using a chilled coolant circulation system and cooled combustion air was provided. An external cranking motor was used to turn the engine at a constant rpm. Twenty-one test fuels were blended, and a minimum unaided starting temperature was obtained for each fuel. Multiple linear regression analysis was then performed in order to relate fuel properties to minimum starting temperature. Fuel properties examined were: viscosity; ASTM D 86 and D 2887 boiling point temperatures, cetane number, autoignition temperature, and flash point. Cetane number, viscosity, 50% boiling temperature, and autoignition temperature had statistically significant impact on minimum starting temperature. Keywords: Cetane; Diesel engine; Cold starting; Fuel properties; ASTM D 2887; Viscosity; Flash point; Diesel fuel; ASTM D 86.

Modern Engine Technology

Author : Richard Van Basshuysen
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768044510
Total Pages : 1071 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Engine Technology by : Richard Van Basshuysen

Download or read book Modern Engine Technology written by Richard Van Basshuysen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007-09-28 with total page 1071 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part dictionary, part encyclopedia, Modern Engine Technology from A to Z will serve as your comprehensive reference guide for many years to come. Keywords throughout the text are in alphabetical order and highlighted in blue to make them easier to find, followed, where relevant, by subentries extending to as many as four sublevels. Full-color illustrations provide additional visual explanation to the reader. This book features: approximately 4,500 keywords, with detailed cross-references more than 1,700 illustrations, some in full color in-depth contributions from nearly 100 experts from industry and science engine development, both theory and practice

Auto-ignition and Combustion of Diesel Fuel in a Constant-volume Bomb

Author : Harold Colby Gerrish
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Auto-ignition and Combustion of Diesel Fuel in a Constant-volume Bomb by : Harold Colby Gerrish

Download or read book Auto-ignition and Combustion of Diesel Fuel in a Constant-volume Bomb written by Harold Colby Gerrish and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Autoignition Study of Diesel, Diesel Surrogates, and Dieselsurrogate Components at Low Temperature Combustion Conditions

Author : Mengyuan Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Autoignition Study of Diesel, Diesel Surrogates, and Dieselsurrogate Components at Low Temperature Combustion Conditions by : Mengyuan Wang

Download or read book Autoignition Study of Diesel, Diesel Surrogates, and Dieselsurrogate Components at Low Temperature Combustion Conditions written by Mengyuan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of increasingly stringent engine emissions and fuel economy standards, there is an urgent need for developing future diesel engines with higher efficiency and lower emissions. Therefore, low temperature combustion is currently being pursued to develop new types of advanced diesel engines. Since low temperature combustion is more sensitive to chemical kinetics, the understanding of the autoignition characteristics of diesel fuels under low-to-intermediate temperatures becomes important. In order to achieve the goal of higher efficiency and lower emissions diesel engines, both experimental and computational investigations of diesel fuels at low-to-intermediate temperatures need to be conducted, as the experimental autoignition results help develop a comprehensive understanding of diesel ignition and provide a validation database for model development, and a comprehensive chemical kinetic model of diesel is also imperative for accurate prediction of ignition and emissions characteristics of diesel engines. Because diesel fuels contain hundreds, even thousands of species, and the composition of diesel is too complex to model, it is also necessary to develop surrogate fuels, which are simpler mixtures that include fuel components representative of hydrocarbon classes found in diesel fuels, and can capture the essential chemical/physical properties and performance characteristics of the target diesel fuel to sufficient accuracy. Therefore, the work presented in the current dissertation aims to gain better understandings and fill in gaps in fundamental combustion data of diesel-surrogate components and surrogate fuel mixtures relevant to diesel fuels. Autoignition of trans-decalin at low-to-intermediate temperatures has been investigated first to get a better understanding of its autoignition characteristics, and the development of a detailed chemical kinetic model of diesel surrogates has been benefited from the results of trans-decalin. The agreements of the developed diesel surrogate model have been tested by comparing with the current autoignition results of diesel surrogates, and possible sources of discrepancies between experimental and simulated results have also been investigated. Based on that, binary blends of iso-cetane and tetralin are further chosen for autoignition investigation to help find out possible reasons causing those discrepancies and to further benefit the refinement and development of comprehensive diesel surrogate models.