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Assessment Of Type I Collagen Fibrils Assembled In Vitro In The Presence Of Glucosamines Using Atomic Force Microscopy Microform
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Author :Zuzana Ecerova Publisher :Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada ISBN 13 :9780612952256 Total Pages :202 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (522 download)
Book Synopsis Assessment of Type I Collagen Fibrils Assembled in Vitro in the Presence of Glucosamines Using Atomic Force Microscopy [microform] by : Zuzana Ecerova
Download or read book Assessment of Type I Collagen Fibrils Assembled in Vitro in the Presence of Glucosamines Using Atomic Force Microscopy [microform] written by Zuzana Ecerova and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of glucosamine 2-sulfate, glucosamine 6-phoshate, or chitosan, on the morphology of type I in vitro assembled collagen fibrils were investigated using contact mode AFM in air. Collagen and glucosamines---in the form of GAGs---are abundant components of ECMs; it is not clear how these interact. Glucosamine, chitosan and chondroitin are commonly used today as natural supplements promoting joint and tendon health. In vitro, chondroitins induce the formation of FLS collagen fibrils. FLS fibrils have been identified in many pathological situations, as well as in normal tissues. It is important to determine whether glucosamines or other polysaccharides---chitosan---potentially induce the formation of abnormal collagen fibrils. The results show that the presence of these glucosamines does not affect the fibril length, height or banding periodicity. Further, the results provide evidence that air dried type I collagen fibrils may not have a unique D-period equal to 64 nm; rather D-periods that are distributed around 64 nm.
Book Synopsis Development of Adhesion Force Microscopy for the Surface Charge Analysis of Collagen Fibrils in Vivo and in Vitro by : Vinayak Mull
Download or read book Development of Adhesion Force Microscopy for the Surface Charge Analysis of Collagen Fibrils in Vivo and in Vitro written by Vinayak Mull and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collagen fibrils are a key component of the extracellular matrix. In this study, we use the adhesion force between a silicon probe and a collagen substrate to demonstrate the sensitivity of adhesion force towards charge distribution on the surface of collagen fibrils. We map the charge distribution at the surface of single in vivo and in vitro assembled collagen fibrils and characterize the location and strength of three sub-D-band regions that have been observed previously by cryo-electron microscopy. Our approach provides an adhesion fingerprint unique to each fibril type and points to local charge variations at the sub-D-band level even along a single fibril. We also demonstrate that this technique is capable of detecting changes on the surface of collagen fibrils because of glycation. It opens the road for a detailed analysis of collagen fibrils surface charge modifications due to ligand binding or mechanical strain on a fibril-by-fibril basis.
Book Synopsis Helical Collagen Fibrils Produced in Vitro by : Richard Kil
Download or read book Helical Collagen Fibrils Produced in Vitro written by Richard Kil and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the most ubiquitous protein in animals, collagen is a key protein of study in a number of fields including materials engineering, biotechnology, and regenerative medicine. A cornerstone of these studies is the self-assembly pathway of fibrils in vivo and in vitro. Although non-helical fibrils have dominated past work, helical fibrils have recently garnered more attention, though only in vivo. Here, it is demonstrated that helical fibrils can be reconstituted in vitro with high initial monomer concentrations above 0.75mg/mL, from acid-solubilized type I collagen extracted from calfskin. Simultaneous and warm starts were used in 0.025M phosphate buffer, at temperatures spanning 24--37°C, with final pH values of & sim;7.2. Characterization for the first time by atomic force microscopy reveals a right-handed helical structure, and that they are indistinguishable from in vivo helical fibrils. The self-assembly pathway is discussed based on the final morphologies revealed.
Book Synopsis Structural Investigation of Type-I Collagen Fibril Using Atomic Force Microscopy by : Ning Su
Download or read book Structural Investigation of Type-I Collagen Fibril Using Atomic Force Microscopy written by Ning Su and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Collagen Assembly as Examined by Atomic Force Microscopy by : Marla Gale
Download or read book Collagen Assembly as Examined by Atomic Force Microscopy written by Marla Gale and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to image the assembly of Type I collagen from monomers, through the various intermediates, to mature fibrils, has been demonstrated for the first time. These stages of collagen assembly were found to proceed by a stepwise process, which commenced with axially associated oligomers (height ~ 1 nm, lengths 450-1200 nm) and proceeded by lateral and axial association through intermediate microfibrils of 2-3 nm in diameter (with periodicity ~ 67 nm). Further assembly into larger microfibrils (>10,000 nm in length) that aggregated readily was observed. The end product of assembly observed in this study was a mature fibril, which demonstrated 4D-banding with a periodicity of 67 nm.
Book Synopsis Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Fibrous Long Spacing Type Collagen Aggregates Formed In-vitro: Self-assembly, Structure and Stability by : Chuck Kaung Wen
Download or read book Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Fibrous Long Spacing Type Collagen Aggregates Formed In-vitro: Self-assembly, Structure and Stability written by Chuck Kaung Wen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bridging the Hierarchical Structures of Collagen by Atomic Force Microscopy: From Nanoscale to Mesoscale by : Ming Sun
Download or read book Bridging the Hierarchical Structures of Collagen by Atomic Force Microscopy: From Nanoscale to Mesoscale written by Ming Sun and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most abundant structural protein in mammalian tissues, Type I Collagen monomer, a long rope of 300 nm in length and 1.5 nm in diameter, can self assemble into different three-dimensional structures with multiple functions as diverse as transparent cornea, tough tendon, and strong bone. Although the microscopic structure of the monomer and the macroscopic structures of some higher hierarchical assembled fibrils have been characterized during the past years, the formation of these higher hierarchical structures, and the emergence of their bioactivities on the nano-to-mesoscale, are still not so clear. In our work, AFM (atomic force microscopy) was applied in vitro, primarily as a imaging tool to investigate the self assembled protofibril patterns (bottom-up method), and also as a 'molecular broom' to create monomer bundle patterns under appropriate force (top-down method). We believe those unique discoveries in our lab will definitely cast light on the understanding of the in vivo self-assembly and related structure-property relationships of collagen, and provide a functional surface coating method for tissue engineering and cell study.
Book Synopsis Assembly Mechanisms of Type I Collagen Aggregates by : Matthew Freeman Paige
Download or read book Assembly Mechanisms of Type I Collagen Aggregates written by Matthew Freeman Paige and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solution-phase association of biological molecules to form aggregates has been studied from a variety of perspectives, such as the flocculation of polymers, association of colloids and the aggregation of proteins. The latter subject has been the target of particular attention, mainly because of its importance in biomedical applications as well as its implication in diseases such as spongiform encephalopathies and Alzheimer's disease. Investigating protein aggregation at a fundamental level, however, is often complicated by the poorly defined structures of the aggregation products formed, as well as by the difficulty in working with biological systems. In this thesis, studies of Type-I collagen, a rod-like protein which can undergo 'in vitro' aggregation into highly-ordered protein structures, have been carried out with a view towards determining the mechanisms by which protein aggregates form. Two particular aggregate structures have been investigated. The first, a block-like aggregate called segmental long spacing collagen, was formed by the addition of nucleotide triphosphates to collagen monomers. By analyzing aggregate structures, formation kinetics and growth thermodynamics, it was concluded that these aggregates form via a hierarchical growth mechanism involving the formation of a stable intermediate and subsequent fusion of these intermediates. The second form of aggregate investigated was a fibril referred to as fibrous long spacing collagen. In this case, particular insight was made into elucidating the structure of these fibrils using the atomic force microscope. Results obtained again suggest that this aggregate forms via a hierarchical mechanism, first forming stable 'protofibrils', which then merge in a complex manner to produce the final structure. In the final Part of this thesis, the capabilities of the atomic force microscope in performing imaging of dynamic, biological processes in real time was examined, and was used to image the enzymatic digestion of collagen fibrils by the protein collagenase. The utility of the atomic force microscopy for 'in situ' investigation of complex processes such as collagen formation is discussed with a view towards applying this technique to future work.
Book Synopsis Biofilm Highlights by : Hans-Curt Flemming
Download or read book Biofilm Highlights written by Hans-Curt Flemming and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living in biofilms is the common way of life of microorganisms, transiently immobilized in their matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), interacting in many ways and using the matrix as an external digestion and protection system. This is how they have organized their life in the environment, in the medical context and in technical systems – and has helped make them the oldest, most successful and ubiquitous form of life. In this book, hot spots in current biofilm research are presented in critical and sometimes provocative chapters. This serves a twofold purpose: to provide an overview and to inspire further discussions. Above all, the book seeks to stimulate lateral thinking.
Book Synopsis Inclusions in Prokaryotes by : Jessup M. Shively
Download or read book Inclusions in Prokaryotes written by Jessup M. Shively and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-04 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new series "Microbiology Monographs" begins with two volumes on intracellular components in prokaryotes. In this first volume, "Inclusions in Prokaryotes", the components, labeled inclusions, are defined as discrete bodies resulting from synthesis of a metabolic product. Research on the biosynthesis and reutilization of the accumulated materials is still in progress, and interest in the inclusions is growing. This comprehensive volume provides historical background and comprehensive reviews of eight well-known prokaryotic inclusions.
Book Synopsis Inorganic Polyphosphates by : Heinz C. Schröder
Download or read book Inorganic Polyphosphates written by Heinz C. Schröder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic polyphosphates - polymers of orthophosphate linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds - have been found in apparently all forms of life, from bacteria, yeasts and fungi to higher plants and animals. These polymers, which had been neglected for a long time, have become a fascinating area of research in the last few years. This volume summarizes the present state of knowledge about the metabolism and function of inorganic polyphosphates. In addition, the methods to study these polymers as well as the biotechnological applications of inorganic polyphosphates are described. The 15 chapters of this volume, dealing with different aspects of polyphosphate research, are written by experts in the field. This book represents a valuable source of information not only for researchers working on this subject, but also for scientists interested in fundamental aspects of cell and energy metabolism.
Book Synopsis Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid) by : Jie Ren
Download or read book Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid) written by Jie Ren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-05 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid): Synthesis, Modification, Processing and Applications" describes the preparation, modification, processing, and the research and applications of biodegradable poly (lactic acid), which belong to the biomedical and environment-friendly materials. Highly illustrated, the book introduces systematically the synthesis, physical and chemical modifications, and the latest developments of research and applications of poly (lactic acid) in biomedical materials. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of materials science and engineering, polymer science and engineering, biomedicine, chemistry, environmental sciences, textile science and engineering, package materials, and so on. Dr. Jie Ren is a professor at the Institute of Nano and Bio-Polymeric Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Book Synopsis Biopolymers from Renewable Resources by : David L. Kaplan
Download or read book Biopolymers from Renewable Resources written by David L. Kaplan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopolymers from Renewable Resources is a compilation of information on the diverse and useful polymers derived from agricultural, animal, and microbial sources. The volume provides insight into the diversity of polymers obtained directly from, or derived from, renewable resources. The beneficial aspects of utilizing polymers from renewable resources, when considering synthesis, pro cessing, disposal, biodegradability, and overall material life-cycle issues, suggests that this will continue to be an important and growing area of interest. The individual chapters provide information on synthesis, processing and properties for a variety of polyamides, polysaccharides, polyesters and polyphenols. The reader will have a single volume that provides a resource from which to gain initial insights into this diverse field and from which key references and contacts can be drawn. Aspects of biology, biotechnology, polymer synthesis, polymer processing and engineering, mechanical properties and biophysics are addressed to varying degrees for the specific biopolymers. The volume can be used as a reference book or as a teaching text. At the more practical level, the range of important materials derived from renewable resources is both extensive and impressive. Gels, additives, fibers, coatings and films are generated from a variety of the biopolymers reviewed in this volume. These polymers are used in commodity materials in our everyday lives, as well as in specialty products.
Book Synopsis Mammalian Carbohydrate Recognition Systems by : Paul R. Crocker
Download or read book Mammalian Carbohydrate Recognition Systems written by Paul R. Crocker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade there has been a great expansion in our knowledge of the existence, nature and functions of mammalian carbohydrate binding proteins. This book covers the structures and postulated functions for the major classes of mammalian carbohydrate binding proteins. These include intracellular lectins involved in diverse functions such as protein synthesis quality control, targetting of lysosomal enzymes and in the secretory pathway. In addition, several chapters are devoted to other major families of lectins that are found at the cell surface or in extracellular fluids which are involved in various recognition functions such as cell-cell interactions in inflammation and recognition of pathogen carbohydrates in host defence.
Book Synopsis Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications by : Ram Prasad
Download or read book Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications written by Ram Prasad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the pursuit of technological advancement in the field of biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to counteract health issues, bacterial infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The ability of bacterial pathogens to form biofilms further agglomerates the situation by showing resistance to conventional antibiotics. To overcome this serious issue, bioactive metabolites and other natural products were exploited to combat bacterial infections and biofilm-related health consequences. Natural products exhibited promising results in vitro, however; their efficacy in in vivo conditions remain obscured due to their low-solubility, bioavailability, and biocompatibility issues. In this scenario, nanotechnological interventions provide a multifaceted platform for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds by slow and sustained release of drug-like compounds. The unique physico-chemical properties, biocompatibility and eco-friendly nature of bioinspired nanostructures has revolutionized the field of biology to eradicate microbial infections and biofilm-related complications. The green-nanotechnology based metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have been regularly employed for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications without causing damage to host tissues. The implications of these nanoparticles toward achieving sustainability in agriculture by providing systemic resistance against a variety of phytopathogens therefore plays crucial role in growth and crop productivity. Also the advent of smart and hybrid nanomaterials such as metal-based polymer nanocomposites, lipid-based nanomaterials and liposomes have the inherent potential to eradicate bacterial biofilm-related infections in an efficient manner. The recent development of carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silica based nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) also exploit a target of dreadful healthcare conditions such as cancer, immunomodulatory diseases, and microbial infections, as well as biofilm-related issues owing to their stability profile, biocompatibility, and unique physio-chemical properties. Recently novel physical approaches such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) also revolutionized conventional strategies and are engaged in eradicating microbial biofilm-related infections and related health consequences. These promising advancements in the development of novel strategies to treat microbial infections and biofilm-related multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon may provide new avenues and aid to conventional antimicrobial therapeutics.
Book Synopsis Prokaryotic Cell Wall Compounds by : Helmut König
Download or read book Prokaryotic Cell Wall Compounds written by Helmut König and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial cell wall structures play a significant role in maintaining cells’ shape, as protecting layers against harmful agents, in cell adhesion and in positive and negative biological activities with host cells. All prokaryotes, whether they are bacteria or archaea, rely on their surface polymers for these multiple functions. Their surfaces serve as the indispensable primary interfaces between the cell and its surroundings, often mediating or catalyzing important interactions. Prokaryotic Cell Wall Compounds summarizes the current state of knowledge on the prokaryotic cell wall. Topics concerning bacterial and archaeal polymeric cell wall structures, biological activities, growth and inhibition, cell wall interactions and the applications of cell wall components, especially in the field of nanobiotechnology, are presented.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Polymer Blends by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Characterization of Polymer Blends written by Sabu Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-09 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling the gap for a reference dedicated to the characterization of polymer blends and their micro and nano morphologies, this book provides comprehensive, systematic coverage in a one-stop, two-volume resource for all those working in the field. Leading researchers from industry and academia, as well as from government and private research institutions around the world summarize recent technical advances in chapters devoted to their individual contributions. In so doing, they examine a wide range of modern characterization techniques, from microscopy and spectroscopy to diffraction, thermal analysis, rheology, mechanical measurements and chromatography. These methods are compared with each other to assist in determining the best solution for both fundamental and applied problems, paying attention to the characterization of nanoscale miscibility and interfaces, both in blends involving copolymers and in immiscible blends. The thermodynamics, miscibility, phase separation, morphology and interfaces in polymer blends are also discussed in light of new insights involving the nanoscopic scale. Finally, the authors detail the processing-morphology-property relationships of polymer blends, as well as the influence of processing on the generation of micro and nano morphologies, and the dependence of these morphologies on the properties of blends. Hot topics such as compatibilization through nanoparticles, miscibility of new biopolymers and nanoscale investigations of interfaces in blends are also addressed. With its application-oriented approach, handpicked selection of topics and expert contributors, this is an outstanding survey for anyone involved in the field of polymer blends for advanced technologies.
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