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Assessment And Predictive Model For Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Population Status In The Eastern United States
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Book Synopsis Assessment and Predictive Model for Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Population Status in the Eastern United States by :
Download or read book Assessment and Predictive Model for Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Population Status in the Eastern United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Habitat Suitability Index Model for Brook Trout in Streams of the Southern Blue Ridge Province by : Christopher J. Schmitt
Download or read book Habitat Suitability Index Model for Brook Trout in Streams of the Southern Blue Ridge Province written by Christopher J. Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing Populations of Eastern Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Above and Below Waterfalls in Mountain Streams of Virginia by :
Download or read book Assessing Populations of Eastern Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Above and Below Waterfalls in Mountain Streams of Virginia written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenically driven factors, such as increasing temperature and sediment in valley streams, acidification of mountain streams, and the introduction of non-native trout, are restricting habitat suitable for healthy populations of eastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) throughout their native Appalachian range. Brook trout are important as predators of insects in mountain streams and as a favorite of anglers. It is crucial that remaining populations in sustainable habitats be identified and preserved. Waterfalls are geologic knickpoints preventing base-level lowering that create unique, stable landscapes above them, which may alleviate the temperature-productivity/acidity "habitat squeeze" for populations of brook trout and could serve as potentially ideal targets for conservation efforts despite being isolated. This study investigates brook trout occurrence above waterfalls in Virginia and compares brook trout populations found above waterfalls to those below them. One-hundred meter reaches above and below seven waterfalls in Virginia's George Washington and Jefferson National Forest were sampled for brook trout via 3-pass, block-netted, backpack electrofishing depletions. All brook trout were counted, weighed, and measured for fork length. The response variables are differences in 1) percent dominance, 2) population size, 3) biomass, and 4) length-weight index (Fulton's Condition Factor) between brook trout above and below waterfalls. Brook trout dominance (100 vs. 36.9%) is greater above than below waterfalls, but not significantly (p = 0.1003). We found abundance (26 vs.12 individuals per 100m) and overall biomass (885.3 vs 284.6 grams per 100m) of brook trout populations above waterfalls to be significantly greater than their below waterfall counterparts (p = 0.078 for both). We also found brook trout above waterfalls to have a higher condition factor (1.086g/cm3 vs 1.0636g/cm3) than those below waterfalls (p = 0.031). Lastly, we found populations above waterfalls where their occurrence was previously unknown. Despite being isolated, brook trout populations above waterfalls were just as if not more robust than those below and may be excellent targets for conservation.
Book Synopsis A Mid-Atlantic Stream Suitability Index for Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) by : Albert Kirk Smith
Download or read book A Mid-Atlantic Stream Suitability Index for Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) written by Albert Kirk Smith and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Mid-Atlantic multimetric index provides a quick and cost effective assessment of brook trout streams or potential brook trout streams in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Using five core metrics--three in-stream metrics (riffle/run quality, dissolved oxygen content and water temperature) and two watershed metrics (percent land use in agriculture and distance to the nearest road from the survey site), the index can be calculated in the field by professional natural resource managers or trained volunteers. The index should be used in concert with other assessment tools, including a classification model designed to allow resource managers to quickly screen a given stream reach in order to determine its potential for supporting sustainable populations of brook trout. Used in tandem, the classification model could provide a preliminary assessment of a stream, followed by a secondary assessment using an index rating to further evaluate stream quality and potential.
Book Synopsis Fisheries and Wildlife Research by :
Download or read book Fisheries and Wildlife Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on activities in the divisions of research.
Book Synopsis Potential Climate and Land Use Change Effects on Brook Trout in the Eastern United States by : Jefferson Deweber
Download or read book Potential Climate and Land Use Change Effects on Brook Trout in the Eastern United States written by Jefferson Deweber and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brook Trout is a socially, economically and ecologically important species throughout its native range in the eastern U.S. that is expected to be negatively affected by climate and land use change. In this dissertation, I use publicly available data to identify the potential effects of projected climate and land use change on river water temperature and Brook Trout populations in individual stream reaches throughout the eastern U.S. In Chapter 1, I quantitatively assessed the representativeness of stream flow and water temperature data from U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) gages throughout subregions of the conterminous United States, including the eastern U.S. In Chapter 2, I developed a model to predict river water temperatures under current conditions and future scenarios of climate and land use change. The final model included air temperature, landform attributes and forested land cover, and predicted mean daily water temperatures with good accuracy (root mean squared error ~ 1.9 °C) for training and validation datasets. In Chapter 3, I predicted Brook Trout occurrence probability based on water temperature predictions and selected landscape characteristics using a hierarchical logistic regression model that performed well at both training and validation datasets (area under the receiver operating curve ~ 0.78). In Chapter 4, I identified potential changes in thermal habitat and Brook Trout occurrence probability resulting from projected climate and land use change. The timing, magnitude and location of predicted changes in maximum 30 day mean river water temperature varied greatly among three downscaled climate models, with average increases ranging from 1.21 to 2.55 °C by 2087. As a result of warming, between 56,440 (42.7%) and 109,237 (82.6%) of potential Brook Trout habitat was predicted to be lost. Land use change was predicted to result in localized increases in river water temperature and losses of 4.5% of potential Brook Trout habitat. Given the magnitude of predicted losses, conservation actions will likely be more successful in the long term if the potential changes resulting from climate and land use change are incorporated into the planning process.
Book Synopsis A Predictive Model for Brook Trout Restoration in the Cherokee National Forest by : Caylor Garrett Romines
Download or read book A Predictive Model for Brook Trout Restoration in the Cherokee National Forest written by Caylor Garrett Romines and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of the last century, Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) have been reduced in abundance and extirpated from many high elevation streams throughout the southern Appalachian Mountains. These fish have been threatened by anthropogenic factors that restrict their distribution across the longitudinal gradient of the streams they occupy. A large portion of Tennessee's Brook Trout streams are located within the Cherokee National Forest (CNF). Many agencies in the southern Appalachian Mountains are working to restore Brook Trout populations throughout this species' historic native range. The purpose of this research is to develop a model of important habitat variables used to characterize the suitability of a stream for Brook Trout restoration based on its predicted biomass in the CNF. Thirty streams across the CNF known to support Brook Trout were evaluated by completing a three-pass depletion fish survey, quantifying instream habitat characteristics, and examining riparian forest structure. Habitat characteristics were modeled against Brook Trout biomass (kg/ha) to determine significant variables that characterize Brook Trout abundance. Ten additional streams on the CNF were sampled to validate the accuracy and precision of the models. A Random Forest model determined the significant habitat variables (n=11), then a multi-nomial logistic regression model predicted Brook Trout biomass based on these variables. For optimal biomass, values of the important variables should be: percent riffle area 25%, 350 m to the nearest road, >13% slope, elevation ≥1,000 m, >55% boulder substrate, Rhododendron cover 10% or 25-40%, canopy cover 92-97% or ≥98%, dominant geologic rock type of gneiss, granite, or sandstone,
Book Synopsis Topographic Index Modeling of Young-of-year Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Habitat and Selecting Candidate Lakes for Wild Brook Trout Re-Introduction by : Peter Merritt Stevens
Download or read book Topographic Index Modeling of Young-of-year Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Habitat and Selecting Candidate Lakes for Wild Brook Trout Re-Introduction written by Peter Merritt Stevens and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adirondack brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) depend on locations of groundwater upwelling for spawning, nursery habitat and thermal refugia for both young-of-year (YOY) and adult fish. Landscape-scale anthropogenic disturbances, such as logging and road construction, have the potential to influence brook trout habitat by altering these groundwater regimes. We used a topographic index (TI) approach to link watershed-scale topography with groundwater-influenced tributaries and seeps and YOY brook trout presence in the littoral zone of three lakes in the Adirondack Mountains, NY. The TI value of shoreline locations was positively associated with the temperature difference between lake surface and substrate, indicating greater groundwater seepage at locations with a higher TI value. The TI value of shoreline locations was also positively correlated with YOY brook trout presence in the nearshore zone. TI represented a significant improvement in predictive capability over currently available groundwater-influenced habitat location and delineation methods. Akaike's information criterion indicated that TI value was the strongest predictor of: (1) the presence of groundwater-influenced tributaries or seeps, and (2) YOY brook trout presence and numerical abundance in the nearshore zone. However, TI-based metrics were unable to predict brook trout population reproductive status or density at an inter-lake scale, possibly because the effects of acid precipitation are the primary drivers of variability in brook trout population abundance at a regional scale within the Adirondacks. The TI model represents a useful management tool at the scale of an individual lake shoreline, but further refinement is required for applications at an inter-lake scale.
Book Synopsis Annual Report - United States Fish and Wildlife Service by : U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Download or read book Annual Report - United States Fish and Wildlife Service written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Habitat Suitability Index Models by : Robert F. Raleigh
Download or read book Habitat Suitability Index Models written by Robert F. Raleigh and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Statewide Analysis of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Population Status and Reach-scale Conservation Priorities in West Virginia Watersheds by :
Download or read book Statewide Analysis of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Population Status and Reach-scale Conservation Priorities in West Virginia Watersheds written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Population Study of the Brook Trout, Salvelinus Fontinalis by : James T. McFadden
Download or read book A Population Study of the Brook Trout, Salvelinus Fontinalis written by James T. McFadden and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Application of Population Size Estimators to Assess Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Response to a Non-native Salmonid Removal in a Small Michigan Coldwater Stream by :
Download or read book Evaluation and Application of Population Size Estimators to Assess Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Response to a Non-native Salmonid Removal in a Small Michigan Coldwater Stream written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Non-native salmonids have been stocked into the Great Lakes since the 1870s and now naturalized populations use tributary environments to reproduce and for their juvenile life stage. Historically, brook trout were the only salmonid to inhabit the tributary environment and numerous studies suggest that exotic salmonids negatively affect brook trout by competing for limited resources. Other studies have been successful at removing non-native salmonids and the native populations increased. During this project 5,320 exotic salmonids were removed from a tributary of Lake Superior from 2008 to 2010 significantly reducing their density and young-of-year brook trout density increased by 260% the year after the study suggesting interspecific competition may be occurring. In order to monitor the salmonid populations closely, three techniques were used to assess population size of this small brook trout population. Mark-recapture estimates had large confidence intervals, so changes in population size could not be detected. Depletion estimates were hampered by sample size constraints and likely underestimated the population size. Relative abundance seemed to be the least likely to be biased because sampling was done on a frequent basis, which helped identify apparent changes in capture probability making it the best option to monitor changes in population size."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves by : Robert F. Raleigh
Download or read book Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves written by Robert F. Raleigh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrology and Predictive Model of Headwater Streams and the Groundwater/surface Water Interactions Supporting Brook Trout Habitat in Northeast Ohio by : Katherine Springer Amey
Download or read book Hydrology and Predictive Model of Headwater Streams and the Groundwater/surface Water Interactions Supporting Brook Trout Habitat in Northeast Ohio written by Katherine Springer Amey and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrology and hydrogeology of a set of eight cold-water streams in Lake and Geauga Counties in northeast Ohio were evaluated in order to develop a new predictive model for the successful introduction of native Ohio brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). The model may be used to assess future sites for potential introduction of this threatened species. A field study was conducted from February 2009 to May 2010 in streams where the brook trout had been previously introduced. These streams were good candidates for study because four had been designated successful, two variable, and two failed in terms of the brook trout's ability to flourish by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR). The field study examined the groundwater/surface water interaction in the hyporheic zones, ecologically important areas where brook trout build their spawning beds, known as redds. To improve on the current model of brook trout introduction, and subsequent habitat suitability index (HSI), this study determines if there is a relationship between the temporal and spatial variability of groundwater input into the stream's hyporheic zone, and successful, variable or non-successful outcome of brook trout introduction. Nested minipiezometers at the riffle head and tail allowed the study of the water quality, hydrogeology, stable isotopes ([delta]18O, [delta]D), soils, and ultimately determined the source of coldwater input to the streams. Benthic macroinvertebrates and ostracodes were analyzed to assess the biological integrity of the stream. Factors found to be significant in successful Ohio trout populations were hydrology of the streams, including low discharge (Q0;0.13-0.51 ft3/s), and hydrogeology of the aquifer, most importantly, a high hydraulic conductivity of the headwaters (K100 gpd/ft2). Key features of successful streams include high percent canopy cover (40%-55%) or high percent instream cover (18%-37%), and a high number of benthic macroinvertebrate cold-water taxa (10-16 species). A long-term water temperature study over both winter and summer seasons (successful stream yearly average hyporheic water temperature 4.6°C-17.2°C and surface water temperature 0.3°C-18.0°C) is recommended prior to introduction. Successful streams are part of an ecologically sensitive "surface system", and should be protected in the headwaters of streams sustaining the brook trout population.
Book Synopsis Estimating the Effective Number of Breeders of Brook Trout, Salvelinus Fontinalis, Over Multiple Generations in Two Stream Systems by : Matthew R. Cembrola
Download or read book Estimating the Effective Number of Breeders of Brook Trout, Salvelinus Fontinalis, Over Multiple Generations in Two Stream Systems written by Matthew R. Cembrola and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of genetic markers in monitoring populations has become increasingly important for conservation purposes, and can take many forms. While effective population size (Ne) is of great interest to conservation genetics, it may be much easier and more practical to estimate the effective number of breeders (Nb) per cohort as a tool for genetic monitoring of populations. Few studies have estimated Nb for the same species over long periods of time in comparison with demographic or environmental variables. I estimated Nb of the eastern brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, as part of long-term studies of two stream systems: West Brook (WB) in Massachusetts and Stanley Brook (SB) in Maine. I used eight microsatellite loci for all available young of the year (YOY) from each cohort in WB and a random subset of YOY distributed evenly throughout SB to obtain genetic-based estimates. I estimated adult abundance (NC) from mark-recapture data, and used seasonal stream flow as an environmental variable. I performed linear models with Nb as the response variable and family structure (number of families and variance in family size), NC, and seasonal stream flow as predictor variables. I found that both the number of families and variance in family size had a strong influence on Nb. Compared to abundance of adults and YOY, Nb was relatively stable over time.Stream flow in both autumn and spring showed a quadratic relationship with Nb in WB, suggesting that intermediate flows are optimal for maintaining a higher Nb. SB, with fewer years of data, did not show these relationships. If incorporated into monitoring programs, Nb can be a useful tool for detecting changes in population status and for informing management decisions.
Book Synopsis Thermal Stratification of Dilute Lakes by : Carl L. Schofield
Download or read book Thermal Stratification of Dilute Lakes written by Carl L. Schofield and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
