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Assessing The Therapeutic Potential Of Group Iii Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes In Parkinsons Disease
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Book Synopsis Assessing the Therapeutic Potential of Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes in Parkinson's Disease by : Paul Jonathon Austin
Download or read book Assessing the Therapeutic Potential of Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes in Parkinson's Disease written by Paul Jonathon Austin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as a Disease Modifying Strategy in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease by : Matthew Thomas John Betts
Download or read book Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as a Disease Modifying Strategy in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease written by Matthew Thomas John Betts and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurones from the SNpc, leading to numerous downstream changes in the basal ganglia circuitry. Overactivity of the glutamatergic subthalamonigral pathway may underlie this continual degeneration of the nigrostriatal system. With this in mind, this thesis examined whether selective activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes may offer a novel strategy to halt persistent degeneration in PD. -- Initial distribution studies revealed mGlu4 and 7 group III mGlu receptor subtypes, demonstrated particularly intense immunoreactivity in the SNpc, suggesting these receptors may be ideally positioned to provide neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the first objective was to confirm this neuroprotective possibility using a broad spectrum agonist, L-AP4. Sub-chronic supranigral L-AP4 treatment mediated functional neuroprotection against a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the SN, confirmed by behavioural assessment and post-mortem analyses. -- Secondly, the pharmacological identity of the group III mGlu receptor mediating this protective effect was examined. To investigate mGlu4 receptors, the novel mGlu4 selective PAM VU0155041, was also shown to provide functional neuroprotection in the 6-OHDA rat model to an almost comparable level reached with L-AP4. Whilst these neuroprotective effects are likely mediated by an inhibition of glutamate to protect from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, VUO15504 also led to a significant reduction in levels of GFAP and IBA-1 suggesting an additional anti-inflammatory action. Further studies revealed little evidence for co-localisation of mGlu4 receptors with GFAP in the SN suggesting this anti-inflammatory component likely reflects an indirect effect via stimulation of neuronal mGlu4 receptors.
Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials by : Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez
Download or read book Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials written by Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emphasizes treatment options for Parkinson's disease, providing the necessary clinical and scientific basis for the foundations of solid therapeutics.
Book Synopsis Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Book Synopsis The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle by : Arne Schousboe
Download or read book The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.
Book Synopsis Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) by : Hardy J. Rideout
Download or read book Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) written by Hardy J. Rideout and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to assemble the leading researchers in the field of LRRK2 biology and neurology and provide a snapshot of the current state of knowledge, encompassing all major aspects of its function and dysfunction. The contributors are experts in cell biology and physiology, neurobiology, and medicinal chemistry, bringing a multidisciplinary perspective on the gene and its role in disease. The book covers the identification of LRRK2 as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. It also discusses the current state of the field after a decade of research, putative normal physiological roles of LRRK2, and the various pathways that have been identified in the search for the mechanism(s) of its induction of neurodegeneration.
Book Synopsis Oligomerization and Allosteric Modulation in G-Protein Coupled Receptors by :
Download or read book Oligomerization and Allosteric Modulation in G-Protein Coupled Receptors written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thematic volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, researchers reflect on recent developments and research surrounding G protein-coupled receptors. The chapters cover a large breadth of research, including GPCR role in stem cell function and pharmacology. Authors explore in-depth research techniques and applications of GPCR usage, covering theory, laboratory approaches, and unique qualities that make GPCRs a crucial tool in microbiological and cancer research. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Book Synopsis Non-motor Parkinson's Disease by : Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez
Download or read book Non-motor Parkinson's Disease written by Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-motor Parkinson's Disease is a burgeoning area of the movement disorders field, as patients increasingly live longer and encounter more late-stage symptoms. The spectrum of non-motor manifestations spans much of the body, with non-motor features occurring in all stages of the disease. Identification of symptoms is key for preserving quality of life and successful treatment. This is a practical manual on all aspects of pre-motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's. The genetic causes of non-motor symptoms are detailed and methods of patient evaluation summarized. Topics such as autonomic and sexual dysfunction, mood disorders, and drug-induced symptoms of non-motor Parkinson's are covered in depth. This is an essential resource for movement disorder specialists, neurologists and other clinicians involved in caring for those with Parkinson's disease.
Book Synopsis Emerging Drugs and Targets for Parkinson's Disease by : Ana Martinez
Download or read book Emerging Drugs and Targets for Parkinson's Disease written by Ana Martinez and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exemplary new book reviews some of the most outstanding examples of new drugs currently in pharmaceutical development or new targets under the validation process to try to reach the Parkinson ́s drug market in the next few years as potential disease modifying drugs.
Book Synopsis Biology of the NMDA Receptor by : Antonius M. VanDongen
Download or read book Biology of the NMDA Receptor written by Antonius M. VanDongen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written
Download or read book Neuroimaging written by Peter Bright and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern neuroimaging tools allow unprecedented opportunities for understanding brain neuroanatomy and function in health and disease. Each available technique carries with it a particular balance of strengths and limitations, such that converging evidence based on multiple methods provides the most powerful approach for advancing our knowledge in the fields of clinical and cognitive neuroscience. The scope of this book is not to provide a comprehensive overview of methods and their clinical applications but to provide a "snapshot" of current approaches using well established and newly emerging techniques.
Book Synopsis Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Scenarios by : Antonio Cerasa
Download or read book Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Scenarios written by Antonio Cerasa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topic aims to pool the most recent advances in the phenomenology and pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The papers in this eBook have strongly contributed to reduce the gaps in our knowledge of LIDs pathogenesis.
Book Synopsis Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling by : Glenn I. Hatton
Download or read book Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling written by Glenn I. Hatton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glial Neuronal Signaling fills a need for a monograph/textbook to be used in advanced courses or graduate seminars aimed at exploring glial-neuronal interactions. Even experts in the field will find useful the authoritative summaries of evidence on ion channels and transporters in glia, genes involved in signaling during development, metabolic cross talk and cooperation between astrocytes and neurons, to mention but a few of the timely summaries of a wide range of glial-neuronal interactions. The chapters are written by the top researchers in the field of glial-neuronal signaling, and cover the most current advances in this field. The book will also be of value to the workers in the field of cell biology in general. When we think about the brain we usually think about neurons. Although there are 100 billion neurons in mammalian brain, these cells do not constitute a majority. Quite the contrary, glial cells and other non-neuronal cells are 10-50 times more numerous than neurons. This book is meant to integrate the emerging body of information that has been accumulating, revealing the interactive nature of the brain's two major neural cell types, neurons and glia, in brain function.
Book Synopsis Homeostatic Control of Brain Function by : Detlev Boison
Download or read book Homeostatic Control of Brain Function written by Detlev Boison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.
Book Synopsis The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors by : P. Jeffrey Conn
Download or read book The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors written by P. Jeffrey Conn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors offers state-of-the-art summaries and reviews of virtually everything known today about metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), including their molecular biology, pharmacology, anatomical distribution, and physiological and pathological roles. Illuminating the overall role played by this crucial class of receptors in brain function, the book also pinpoints those areas in which there is the greatest continuing need for focused research. Because mGluRs have the potential for participating in virtually all known functions of the central nervous system (CNS), the opportunity now exists to develop pharmacological agents that can potentially alter many brain disease processes by selective interaction with precise CNS functions. With its critical and insightful reviews, The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors will immediately become your essential key to the development of novel treatment strategies for the widest variety of neurological disorders.
Book Synopsis Synaptic Plasticity by : Michael R. Kreutz
Download or read book Synaptic Plasticity written by Michael R. Kreutz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-18 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the current concepts of molecular mechanisms in synaptic plasticity and provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research technology used to investigate the molecular dynamics of the synapses. It explores current concepts on activity-dependent remodeling of the synaptic cytoskeleton and presents the latest ideas on the different forms of plasticity in synapses and dendrites. Synaptic Plasticity in Health and Disease not only supplies readers with extensive knowledge on the latest developments in research, but also with important information on clinical and applied aspects. Changes in spine synapses in different brain disease states, so-called synaptopathies, are explained and described by experts in the field. By outlining basic research findings as well as physiological and pathophysiological impacts on synaptic plasticity, the book represents an essential state-of-the-art work for scientists in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biology and the neurosciences, as well as for doctors in neurology and psychiatry alike.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-05-27 with total page 1853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a truly translational area of biomedical investigation, epilepsy research spans an extraordinary breadth of subjects and involves virtually every tool that modern neuroscience has at its disposal. The Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research provides an up to date, comprehensive reference for all epilepsy researchers. With an expert list of authors, the encyclopedia covers the full spectrum of research activities from genes and molecules to animal models and human patients. The encyclopedia's electronic format also provides unparalleled access to frequent updates and additions, while the limited edition print version provides another option for owning this content. The Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research is an essential resource for researchers of all levels and clinicians who study epilepsy. The only comprehensive reference for basic research and current activities in epilepsy Electronic format provides fast and easy access to updates and additions, with limited print version available as well Contains over 85 articles, all written by experts in epilepsy research
