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Assessing Competitiveness Using Industry Unit Labor Costs
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Book Synopsis Assessing Competitiveness Using Industry Unit Labor Costs by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Assessing Competitiveness Using Industry Unit Labor Costs written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conceptual ambiguities and statistical weaknesses hamper the assessment of external competitiveness. The term competitiveness, while applied extensively, is often imprecisely defined, which can result in analytical errors and mistaken policy advice. Furthermore, aggregate statistical measures of competitiveness in terms of exchange rate misalignment can be biased. To address these issues, this paper makes two contributions. First, it clarifies the external competitiveness concept, highlighting the dichotomy between productivity-driven long-run growth and short-run deviations from the underlying growth trajectory, which can be related to exchange rate misalignment. Second, it develops a disaggregated statistical approach for examining competitiveness based on unit labor costs at the three digit industry level in a group of comparable countries. The case of Slovakia is used to illustrate these concepts, but the analytical insights have general application.
Book Synopsis Competitiveness Indicators by : Mr.Stephen Tokarick
Download or read book Competitiveness Indicators written by Mr.Stephen Tokarick and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-03-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses five indicators of competitiveness: real exchange rates based on consumer price indices, export unit values of manufacturing goods, the relative price of traded to nontraded goods, normalized unit labor costs in manufacturing, and the ratio of normalized unit labor costs to value-added deflators in manufacturing. It discusses how each of these measures is associated with changes in a country’s balance of trade in goods and nonfactor services and examines the relationship among these indicators. It then examines the empirical performance of three of the indicators in terms of their ability to explain trade flows.
Book Synopsis Labor Costs and International Competitiveness in Manufacturing Industry by : W. L. Chilton
Download or read book Labor Costs and International Competitiveness in Manufacturing Industry written by W. L. Chilton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report making a comparison of labour cost trends and international competitiveness in manufacturing - discusses the changing pattern in international division of labour and implications for newly industrializing countries and looks at hourly wage rates and exchange rate movements from 1970 to 1980 as labour cost factors in selected developed countries (in greater detail for the UK, Germany, Federal Republic, Japan and the USA), and compares these to selected NICs. Graphs and references.
Book Synopsis A Competitive Assessment of the U.S. Mining Machinery Industry by :
Download or read book A Competitive Assessment of the U.S. Mining Machinery Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Competitiveness of U.S. Industries by : United States Tariff Commission
Download or read book Competitiveness of U.S. Industries written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Unit Labor Cost and Price Developments by : Zacharias Bragoudakis
Download or read book An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Unit Labor Cost and Price Developments written by Zacharias Bragoudakis and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the rate of change of prices in the Greek economy does not seem to react proportionately to large reductions in wage costs cuts in the effort for fiscal consolidation and improving competitiveness. The disconnection between of price and wage developments makes harder the functioning of the monetary policy transmission channel. The proper function of the latter is important as hastens the target adjustments in terms of competitiveness and consumer purchasing power, thus supporting the growth and stability of the economy.This study examines the relationship between unit labor costs and price developments for the whole economy and for the main sectors. For the period 2000-2013 the econometric investigation provides evidence that prices and unit labor costs are characterized by a long-run equilibrium relationship and that for the whole economy, prices influence the development of unit labor costs, and vice versa.But for the period 2010-2013, the empirical findings show that the overall economy and particularly in the industrial sector, changes in unit labor costs have been largely disconnected from those prices, resulting in a profit margin to grow. The large reduction in unit labor costs is primarily due to the reduction in nominal compensation per employee and not an increase in labor productivity.Concluded that raising productivity is the critical factor that will improve the competitiveness of the economy, since the benefits of a possible further reduction of wages is ambiguous, and, moreover, such a policy would lead to a loss of social cohesion.
Book Synopsis Competitiveness and External Trade Performance of the French Manufacturing Industry by : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Download or read book Competitiveness and External Trade Performance of the French Manufacturing Industry written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-12-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an assessment of competitiveness and external trade performance of the French manufacturing industry during the 1980s and early 1990s. The first part of the paper reviews developments in a broad range of competitiveness indicators. The analysis indicates that the manufacturing sector appears to have maintained its competitive position in recent years. The second part discusses developments in export market shares. The third part estimates a vector error correction model relating the trade ratio to relative unit labor costs, domestic and foreign demand, and nonprice competitiveness. Variance decompositions suggest that fluctuations in price and nonprice competitiveness account for about two-fifths of fluctuations in manufacturing trade flows.
Book Synopsis Issues in the Assessment of the Exchange Rates of Industrial Countries by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Issues in the Assessment of the Exchange Rates of Industrial Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1984-07-08 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its surveillance activities, the Fund is frequently confronted with the difficult problem of how to identify exchange rate behavior that is unrelated to underlying economic and financial conditions and, consequently, should be viewed with concern from a national or international standpoint. This paper considers the various issues related to this problem as it pertains to industrial countries, both those that have independently floating exchange rates and those that operate under other exchange arrangements.
Book Synopsis Competitiveness by : Inter-American Development Bank
Download or read book Competitiveness written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by IDB. This book was released on 2001 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competing in the world economy does not automatically boost a nation's productivity and restructure its economy. Such progress requires mobilizing capital, employment, technology and knowledge. Opportunities beyond the business realm must be fully exploited to the benefit of society as a whole. These essential strategies for competitiveness underlie The Business of Growth, this year's edition of Economic and Social Progress in Latin America. The report offers the most complete comparison to date of indicators of competitiveness for some 20 counties in the region, including: *Constraints to business development*Macroeconomic conditions*Availability of and access to financing*Foreign direct investment*Human resources and training*Port, electricity and telecommunications infrastructure*Innovation and informatics*Industrial promotion The report provides clear policy guidelines and priorities for both government and the private sector to foster competitiveness. It identifies each country's strengths and weaknesses and proposes strategies to increase productivity and improve access by businesses to productive resources.
Book Synopsis Competitiveness and External Trade Performance of the French Manufacturing Industry by : Pierre-Richard Agenor
Download or read book Competitiveness and External Trade Performance of the French Manufacturing Industry written by Pierre-Richard Agenor and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an assessment of competitiveness and external trade performance of the French manufacturing industry during the 1980s and early 1990s. The first part of the paper reviews developments in a broad range of competitiveness indicators. The analysis indicates that the manufacturing sector appears to have maintained its competitive position in recent years. The second part discusses developments in export market shares. The third part estimates a vector error correction model relating the trade ratio to relative unit labor costs, domestic and foreign demand, and nonprice competitiveness. Variance decompositions suggest that fluctuations in price and nonprice competitiveness account for about two-fifths of fluctuations in manufacturing trade flows.
Book Synopsis Jamaica by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Jamaica written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-03-03 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper suggests steps to improve the efficiency of the foreign exchange market in Jamaica, and to promote its development. The financial system in Jamaica has undergone significant improvements. The most pressing problem continues to be inadequate liquidity. The results of various approaches and indicators employed to assess the competitiveness of the economy is presented. The paper discusses the social protection programs and assesses the scope to strengthen them. The statistical data on the economic indices of Jamaica are also presented in the paper.
Book Synopsis A Competitive Assessment of the U.S. Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Systems Industry by :
Download or read book A Competitive Assessment of the U.S. Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Systems Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Profitability and the Great Recession by : Ascension Mejorado
Download or read book Profitability and the Great Recession written by Ascension Mejorado and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the mid-1980s, investors in the US increasingly directed capital towards the financial sector at the expense of non-financial sectors, lured by the perception of higher profits. This flow of capital inflated asset prices, creating the stock market and housing bubbles which burst when the imbalance between stagnant incomes and rising debts triggered the banking meltdown. Profitability and the Great Recession analyses these trends in profitability and capital accumulation, which the authors identify as the root cause of the financial crisis, in the context of the US and other major OECD countries. Drawing on insights from Adam Smith, David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill and Karl Marx, the authors interpret the relationship between capital accumulation and profitability trends through the conceptual lens of classical political economy. The book provides extensive empirical evidence of declining rates of US non-financial corporate accumulations from the mid-1960s and profitability trends in that sector falling from post-war highs. In contrast to this, it is shown that there was a vigorous rise of profitability in the financial sector from a 1982 trough to the early part of the twenty-first century, which led to the bloating of that sector. The authors conclude that the long-term falling accumulation trend in the non-financial corporate sector, highlighted by the bankruptcy of major automobile corporations, stands out as the underlying force that transformed the financial crisis into a fully-fledged Great Recession. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in the areas of economics, political economy, business and finance.
Book Synopsis Major Programs 1976 Bureau of Labor Statistics by : United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Download or read book Major Programs 1976 Bureau of Labor Statistics written by United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Major Programs, Bureau of Labor Statistics by : United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Download or read book Major Programs, Bureau of Labor Statistics written by United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A New Growth Model for the Greek Economy by : Panagiotis E. Petrakis
Download or read book A New Growth Model for the Greek Economy written by Panagiotis E. Petrakis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 3, 2015, the Greek Parliamentary Budget Office, the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, the Democritus University of Thrace, and the University of Peloponnese sponsored an international conference to address medium- and long-term growth in Greece. This collection presents the strongest papers on the conditions required to revive and maintain economic growth. Leading experts cover almost every major issue identified in the latest literature, from demographic issues and proposals for export strategy to the need for innovation and structural reform. The combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to assessing present conditions make this ground-breaking collection a valuable resource for a variety of academics, professional economists, and economic policy practitioners planting the seeds of Greece's future.
Book Synopsis Production Economics by : Anoop Desai
Download or read book Production Economics written by Anoop Desai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves a unique purpose within the world of engineering. It covers the economics of modern manufacturing and focuses on examining the techniques and methods from a cost perspective. It can be used by both students and professionals alike. The book is useful to students in industrial engineering and mechanical engineering programs as a primary textbook for engineering economy, production costing, and related courses. It can also be used by MBA students specializing in production management and finance. Specific topics of coverage include the computation of direct and indirect cost for manufacturing operations, including a variety of overhead operations in such an environment. Costing of manufacturing methods such as casting, forging, turning, milling, and welding is addressed along with inventory analysis. The book also includes fundamental concepts such as cash flow analysis, present and future worth analysis, and rate of return analysis. Related topics such as equipment replacement, comparison of alternatives, depreciation, buy versus make decisions, interest factors, and equivalence are covered in detail as well. Key Features: Addresses the costing of manufacturing operations through a step-by-step problem solving approach. Includes traditional engineering topics such as cash flow analysis, present worth, future worth analysis, replacement analysis, equivalence, and depreciation are addressed in depth as well. Offers a variety of solved examples that can be used to develop a thorough understanding of the underlying concept. Provides a number of practice problems at the end of each chapter. Presents a large number of figures and tables in almost every chapter, to assist in visualizing the concept and apply it successfully. Production Economics: Evaluating Costs of Operations in Manufacturing and Service Industries focuses on rigorous problem solving. Each topic is presented succinctly along with numerous solved examples, along with a large number of end-of-chapter practice problems where applicable.
