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Anti Personnel Landmine Detection For Humanitarian Demining
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Book Synopsis Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining by : Katsuhisa Furuta
Download or read book Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining written by Katsuhisa Furuta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-24 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining reports on state-of-the-art technologies developed during a Japanese National Research Project (2002–2007). The conventional method of landmine detection is using metal detectors to sense the metal in mines, but often other metal fragments in minefields camouflage landmines and hinder progress using this form of demining. The challenge is to develop detection systems that can discriminate between AP landmines and random metal fragments. The JST adopted research proposals and the results are reported here. This book concentrates on aspects of three approaches to AP mine detection: enhancing and confirming the results of metal-detection scans using GPR; using robot vehicles and manipulators to operate within minefields remotely; and methods of sensing the explosives within mines. Results are presented in the fields of GPR, nuclear quadrupole resonance, neutron thermal analysis and biosensors. The integration of these methods for workable robot operation is demonstrated. The project was carried out in conjunction with mine action centers in Croatia, Cambodia and Afghanistan. Evaluation data from field trials are also given.
Book Synopsis Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining by : Katsuhisa Furuta
Download or read book Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining written by Katsuhisa Furuta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining reports on state-of-the-art technologies developed during a Japanese National Research Project (2002–2007). The conventional method of landmine detection is using metal detectors to sense the metal in mines, but often other metal fragments in minefields camouflage landmines and hinder progress using this form of demining. The challenge is to develop detection systems that can discriminate between AP landmines and random metal fragments. The JST adopted research proposals and the results are reported here. This book concentrates on aspects of three approaches to AP mine detection: enhancing and confirming the results of metal-detection scans using GPR; using robot vehicles and manipulators to operate within minefields remotely; and methods of sensing the explosives within mines. Results are presented in the fields of GPR, nuclear quadrupole resonance, neutron thermal analysis and biosensors. The integration of these methods for workable robot operation is demonstrated. The project was carried out in conjunction with mine action centers in Croatia, Cambodia and Afghanistan. Evaluation data from field trials are also given.
Book Synopsis Anti-Personnel Landmine (APL) Detection Technology Survey and Assessment by : David Kerner
Download or read book Anti-Personnel Landmine (APL) Detection Technology Survey and Assessment written by David Kerner and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey was made of technologies and systems available to detect anti-personnel landmines for the purpose of monitoring or verifying a potential treaty-based landmine ban. A literature search revealed that numerous devices and supporting research exist for the point-source detection of anti-personnel landmines (APL), but only a few systems were found to be under development that address the more rapid detection of multiple APL and entire minefields over a wide area. Given the potential treaty verification need to be able to detect and describe the boundaries of existing and new APL use, and a complementary technical requirement in humanitarian demining, an assessment was made of those technologies that might be applicable to the wide-area detection mission, followed by the identification and assessment of pertinent systems. This survey identified certain promising RDT & E efforts, but none currently appear to provide a complete or near-term solution to the wide-area detection of landmines and minefields. A combination of sensors through sensor fusion and data fusion may hold promise for minefield detection with a higher degree of confidence An investigation was also made of other technical disciplines not normally associated with landmine detection for the contribution they might make for the wide-area detection of landmines. None of the ten fields explored, however, offered any unique or more effective approaches or solutions to the mission. The study concludes with observations on the state of research and development in wide-area landmine detection and offers recommendations concerning the specification of technical requirements and for potential future initiatives in this field.
Book Synopsis Guidebook on Detection Technologies and Systems for Humanitarian Demining by :
Download or read book Guidebook on Detection Technologies and Systems for Humanitarian Demining written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) supports the efforts of the international community in reducing the impact of mines and unexploded ordnance (UXO). The Centre provides operational assistance, is active in research and supports the implementation of the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the rate that government and nongovernmental organizations are clearing existing landmines, it will take 450-500 years to rid the world of them. Concerned about the slow pace of demining, the Office of Science and Technology asked RAND to assess potential innovative technologies being explored and to project what funding would be required to foster the development of the more promising ones. The authors of this report suggest that the federal government undertake a research and development effort to develop a multisensor mine detection system over the next five to eight years.
Book Synopsis Detection of Explosives and Landmines by : Hiltmar Schubert
Download or read book Detection of Explosives and Landmines written by Hiltmar Schubert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ARW is the third NATO-sponsored workshop on Explosives Detection and Humanitarian Demining. The previous events were • Detection and Destruction of Anti-Personnel Landmines Moscow, 1997 • Explosives Detection and Decontamination of the Environment Prague, 1997. Over the last decade applied research in Humanitarian Demining has made progress to some extend, but according to the tremendous tasks of Demining and the lack of scientific methods for practical detection of explosive devices, research activities are still of the same importance than ever before. Concerning countermeasures against terrorism the detection of explosives is one of the keyfactors, but the practical applications are not sufficient solved. An international exchange of research results are therefore urgent, to find out the most promising measures for application. The coincidence of this ARW and the terrible disaster of New York and Washington may demonstrate the importance of this task. In consequence the explosive device detection technologies can make a major contribution to collective, family and individual security. In developed countries, these technologies provide a strong deterrent and preventative measure against terrorist threats. In less developed regions, they can improve individual, institutional and state security, lessening the insecurity that motivates many terrorists acts. The elimination of landmine threats is just one of many ways of achieving this. However our attempts to meet the extremely difficult technical challenges posed by landmine and UXO contamination are inevitably leading us to new technological approaches.
Book Synopsis Development of Deminer to Neutralize Antipersonnel Landmines for Humanitarian Demining by : Abhishek Shesharao Karadkhelkar
Download or read book Development of Deminer to Neutralize Antipersonnel Landmines for Humanitarian Demining written by Abhishek Shesharao Karadkhelkar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An estimated 100 million unexploded land mines left over from this century's various wars and conflicts lie scattered in 94 countries, still lethal - decades after the peace treaties have been signed. Many of those mines are of the more modern "anti-personnel" variety which are designed to maim, rather than kill ... Due to the exorbitant cost of current demining techniques, there is a need for a simple but cost effective method to neutralize mines. The present study, actually, considers a properly singled out mission: mine neutralization in shrubby, dry grounds"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of the U.S. Policy on Anti-personnel Landmines by : Dale A. Carr
Download or read book An Evaluation of the U.S. Policy on Anti-personnel Landmines written by Dale A. Carr and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landmines have received a great deal of attention. Debating their utility has become a major military/humanitarian issue. Current U.S. policy on anti-personnel landmines (APL) consists of three major positions. The first position is banning the use, stockpiling, production, and transfer of APL. The second position is to develop APL alternatives through aggressive research and development. The last position is to improve mine detection and clearing technology for current and future humanitarian demining operations. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate each major position against what has been done to date (looking at ends, ways, and means) and then extrapolate this out to the years 2020-2025. This paper evaluates the current policy's effectiveness by looking at the various programs implemented and actions taken to date. It concludes with recommended changes to U.S. policy.
Book Synopsis Magnetic Tensor Spectroscopy for Humanitarian Anti-personnel Landmine Detection by : Omar Ahmed Abdelrehim Abdelkerim
Download or read book Magnetic Tensor Spectroscopy for Humanitarian Anti-personnel Landmine Detection written by Omar Ahmed Abdelrehim Abdelkerim and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of the U.S. Policy on Anti-personnel Landmines by : Dale A. Carr
Download or read book An Evaluation of the U.S. Policy on Anti-personnel Landmines written by Dale A. Carr and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landmines have received a great deal of attention. Debating their utility has become a major military/humanitarian issue. Current U.S. policy on anti-personnel landmines (APL) consists of three major positions. The first position is banning the use, stockpiling, production, and transfer of APL. The second position is to develop APL alternatives through aggressive research and development. The last position is to improve mine detection and clearing technology for current and future humanitarian demining operations. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate each major position against what has been done to date (looking at ends, ways, and means) and then extrapolate this out to the years 2020-2025. This paper evaluates the current policy's effectiveness by looking at the various programs implemented and actions taken to date. It concludes with recommended changes to U.S. policy.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Robotic Detection of Anti-personnel Landmines Using Ground-penetrating Radar and On-contact Antennas by : Margery Jeanne Hines
Download or read book Autonomous Robotic Detection of Anti-personnel Landmines Using Ground-penetrating Radar and On-contact Antennas written by Margery Jeanne Hines and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-penetrating radar is a mature technology which has promise as a solution for humanitarian demining. The technology is fast, inexpensive, and capable of detecting both metallic and non-metallic landmine casings. However, the rough air-ground interface below which anti-personnel mines are buried, reduces the efficacy of air-coupled GPR by increasing clutter and masking target responses. Recent literature focuses on optimizing signal processing techniques to remove the effects of the surface and reliably extract the target reflection. Conversely, this work proposes the use of ground-contact antennas, which greatly improve signal penetration and are less affected by ground clutter, thereby simplifying data analysis. Achieving contact between the surface and the antennas is done by integrating the antennas onto the feet of the Walking Tri-Sphere, a non-articulated walking robotic platform designed by Square One Systems Design (Jackson, WY, USA). Rather than imaging the subsurface, localization of potential targets is achieved using a robust geometric analysis, minimizing the required number of GPR scans. Overall, by using fewer scans and simpler data processing techniques, this method is capable of increasing the surveying speed of traditional GPR methods. The proposed detection system is evaluated experimentally using the P400 ultra-wideband impulse radar from Time Domain (Huntsville, AL, USA), and computationally using a 3D finite-difference time-domain model. Compact spiral antennas which operate from 3-6GHz were designed considering the application and desired coupling into the ground. The polarization and directivity of the antennas minimizes the direct signal, simplifying the identification of target reflections. Subsurface scans which satisfy both an amplitude and correlation threshold are then analyzed with a localization algorithm, which utilizes time-difference of arrivals to geometrically determine the target location. A minimum of four unique bistatic GPR scans are necessary to evaluate for the target's position, and an increased number of GPR scans improves the accuracy and reliability of the results. Using the proposed localization method, metallic cylindrical targets are successfully located experimentally. Consideration of non-metallic targets is also addressed experimentally and more extensively computationally. Overall, the proposed method provides a viable solution for autonomous pre-screening of an area for humanitarian demining.
Book Synopsis Anti-Personnel Mines under Humanitarian Law : A View from the Vanishing Point by : Stuart Maslen
Download or read book Anti-Personnel Mines under Humanitarian Law : A View from the Vanishing Point written by Stuart Maslen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-Personnel Mines under Humanitarian Law: A View From the Vanishing Point considers in depth the various customary and conventional legal regimes applicable to the use of anti-personnel mines. All involved with the global effort to control and eliminate anti-personnel mines as well as the policy-makers who are concerned about the devastation resulting from the widespread deployment of these arbitrary weapons need to familiarize themselves with the information presented in this timely volume. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.
Download or read book Biomimetics written by Maki K. Habib and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioinspired systems, technologies and techniques known as “biomimetics” or the “mimicry of nature,” represent a ground-breaking method of scientific research based on innovation and a creative design approach of the ‘nature’ laboratory to be applied to any scientific discipline. This approach and the associated way of thinking facilitates the cross-fertilization of scientific fields, integrating biology and the interdisciplinary knowledge featuring the evolution of models that have refined in nature within any scientific discipline.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by :
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antipersonnel mines remain a significant international threat to civilians despite recent intense efforts by the United States, other developed countries, and humanitarian aid organizations to clear them from postconflict regions. Mines claim an estimated 15,000-20,000 victims per year in some 90 countries. They jeopardize the resumption of normal activities-from subsistence farming to commercial enterprise-long after periods of conflict have ceased. For example, in Afghanistan during 2000, mines claimed 150-300 victims per month, half of them children. Although most of these mines were emplaced during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan (from 1979 to 1988), they continue to pose a serious risk to returning refugees and have placed vast tracts of farmland off limits. The United States currently invests about $100 million annually in humanitarian mine clearance-the largest commitment of any country. Despite this investment and the funding from many other developed nations and nongovernmental organizations, at the current rate clearing all existing mines could take 450-500 years.
Author :Physicians for Human Rights (U.S.) Publisher :Human Rights Watch ISBN 13 :9781564321138 Total Pages :542 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (211 download)
Book Synopsis Landmines by : Physicians for Human Rights (U.S.)
Download or read book Landmines written by Physicians for Human Rights (U.S.) and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1993 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 10. The future of Landmines
Download or read book Hidden Killers, 1998 written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Department of State. Office of Humanitarian Demining Programs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :212 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (334 download)
Book Synopsis Hidden Killers, 1998 by : United States. Department of State. Office of Humanitarian Demining Programs
Download or read book Hidden Killers, 1998 written by United States. Department of State. Office of Humanitarian Demining Programs and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amerikansk rapport, der beskriver de problemer udlægning af miner i forbindelse med krigsførelse giver overalt i verden. Især civilbefolkningen rammes, fordi de udlagte miner specielt personelminer sjældent ryddes effektivt, når krigshandlingerne ophører.
