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Author :
Publisher : BID-INTAL
ISBN 13 : 9507381341
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (73 download)
Download or read book Andean Report number 1 written by and published by BID-INTAL. This book was released on with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. Clawson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349609781
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (496 download)
Download or read book The Andean Cocaine Industry written by P. Clawson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dollar industry. Using never-before unearthed information culled from their extensive field research, Patrick Clawson and Rensselaer Lee reveal the configuration of the drug industry, from the original cultivation of coca in the fields of South America to the sale of cocaine on the streets of the United States. The authors analyze the economic and political impact of the drug business on the Andean nations, including such problems as violence and the undermining of legitimate business. Through the ground-breaking work of Clawson and Lee, The Andean Cocaine Industry illuminates one of the most pervasive problems facing the world today.
Author : Paul Gootenberg
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807887790
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (877 download)
Download or read book Andean Cocaine written by Paul Gootenberg and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-06-01 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illuminating a hidden and fascinating chapter in the history of globalization, Paul Gootenberg chronicles the rise of one of the most spectacular and now illegal Latin American exports: cocaine. Gootenberg traces cocaine's history from its origins as a medical commodity in the nineteenth century to its repression during the early twentieth century and its dramatic reemergence as an illicit good after World War II. Connecting the story of the drug's transformations is a host of people, products, and processes: Sigmund Freud, Coca-Cola, and Pablo Escobar all make appearances, exemplifying the global influences that have shaped the history of cocaine. But Gootenberg decenters the familiar story to uncover the roles played by hitherto obscure but vital Andean actors as well--for example, the Peruvian pharmacist who developed the techniques for refining cocaine on an industrial scale and the creators of the original drug-smuggling networks that decades later would be taken over by Colombian traffickers. Andean Cocaine proves indispensable to understanding one of the most vexing social dilemmas of the late twentieth-century Americas: the American cocaine epidemic of the 1980s and, in its wake, the seemingly endless U.S. drug war in the Andes.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030904264X
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Lost Crops of the Incas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating, readable volume is filled with enticing, detailed information about more than 30 different Incan crops that promise to follow the potato's lead and become important contributors to the world's food supply. Some of these overlooked foods offer special advantages for developing nations, such as high nutritional quality and excellent yields. Many are adaptable to areas of the United States. Lost Crops of the Incas includes vivid color photographs of many of the crops and describes the authors' experiences in growing, tasting, and preparing them in different ways. This book is for the gourmet and gourmand alike, as well as gardeners, botanists, farmers, and agricultural specialists in developing countries.
Author : Robert Mihelli
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638236064
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)
Download or read book Coca and Cocaine in the Andes written by Robert Mihelli and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2003-11-28 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Economic Geography, grade: 1,2 (A+), RWTH Aachen University (Geography Institute), 15 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Andean farmers have good financial reasons for continuing to grow coca, and it is unlikely that theeconomic equation can be substantially altered. Cocaine is as cheap and plentiful as ever on U.S.streets, the biggest market for cocaine; the State Department estimates that 1999 coca productionincreased. The current U.S. retail cocaine market is somewhere between $30 billion and $150 billion. Efforts at interdiction and crop substitution have failed, the former because the amounts of cocaineimported are so large that seizures have little overall impact, the latter both because alternative cropsare intrinsically less lucrative and because there is no infrastructure to bring such crops to market. TheU.S. General Accounting Office report to Congress argued that crop substitution was unlikely tosucceed, and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration has calculated the cost of raw coca as makingup less than 1 percent of the retail cost of refined cocaine in the U.S. The latter statistic means thattraffickers could easily afford to increase what they pay for raw coca if a shortage occurred, therebystimulating production. In order to explain why the andean Countries prefer to grow coca, it is important to understand that thecoca plant is a part of the culture, as history shows and there is a difference between the existence ofcoca and cocaine. The usage and the production of the coca plant changed in the last hundred years,and the monocultural development carry tremendous illegal capacities. But on the other hand, it isoriginally a cultural heritage. To explain this issue one must know where it is cultivated, why and whatproblems it causes for the Andean Countries, and not only for these countries, but on a globalscale.
Author : Steven Kent Sando
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Water and Sediment Quality of the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek Basins, South Dakota, 1983-2000 written by Steven Kent Sando and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julia Meyerson
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292788118
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)
Download or read book Tambo written by Julia Meyerson and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-07-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the best way to sharpen one's power's of observation is to be a stranger in a strange land. Julia Meyerson was one such stranger during a year in the village of 'Tambo, Peru, where her husband was conducting anthropological fieldwork. Though sometimes overwhelmed by the differences between Quechua and North American culture, she still sought eagerly to understand the lifeways of 'Tambo and to find her place in the village. Her vivid observations, recorded in this field journal, admirably follow Henry James's advice: "Try to be one of the people upon whom nothing is lost." With an artist's eye, Meyerson records the daily life of 'Tambo—the cycles of planting and harvest, the round of religious and cultural festivals, her tentative beginnings of friendship and understanding with the Tambinos. The journal charts her progress from tolerated outsider to accepted friend as she and her husband learn and earn, the roles of daughter and son in their adopted family. With its wealth of ethnographic detail, especially concerning the lives of Andean women, 'Tambo will have great value for students of Latin American anthropology. In addition, scholars preparing to do fieldwork anywhere will find it a realistic account of both the hardships and the rewards of such study.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Annual Report on the Impact of the Andean Trade Preference Act written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Linda J. Seligmann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317220773
Total Pages : 1496 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)
Download or read book The Andean World written by Linda J. Seligmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 1496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference offers an authoritative overview of Andean lifeways. It provides valuable historical context, and demonstrates the relevance of learning about the Andes in light of contemporary events and debates. The volume covers the ecology and pre-Columbian history of the region, and addresses key themes such as cosmology, aesthetics, gender and household relations, modes of economic production, exchange, and consumption, postcolonial legacies, identities, political organization and movements, and transnational interconnections. With over 40 essays by expert contributors that highlight the breadth and depth of Andean worlds, this is an essential resource for students and scholars alike.
Author : Kenneth J. Andrien
Publisher : UNM Press
ISBN 13 : 9780826323583
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (235 download)
Download or read book Andean Worlds written by Kenneth J. Andrien and published by UNM Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the Spanish invasion of the Inca Empire in 1532 and how European and indigenous life ways became intertwined, producing a new and constantly evolving hybrid colonial order in the Andes.
Author : Paul Gootenberg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429951736
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)
Download or read book The Origins of Cocaine written by Paul Gootenberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1960s, the governments of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia launched agricultural settlement programs in each country’s vast Amazonian frontier lowlands. Two decades later, these exact same zones had transformed into the centers of the illicit cocaine boom of the Americas. Drawing on concepts from both history and anthropology, The Origins of Cocaine explores how three countries with divergent different mid-century political trajectories ended up with parallel outcomes in illicit frontier economies and cocalero cultures. Bringing together transnational, national, and local analyses, the volume provides an in-depth examination of the deep origins of drug economics in the Americas. As the first substantial study on the shift from agrarian colonization to narcotization, The Origins of Cocaine will appeal to scholars and postgraduate students of Latin American history, anthropology, globalization, development and environmental studies.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1457823233
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (578 download)
Download or read book Andean Trade Preference Act: Impact on U.S. Industries and Consumers and on Drug Crop and Eradication and Crop Substitution, 7th Report 1999, Inv. 332-352 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Axel Borsdorf
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319035304
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)
Download or read book The Andes written by Axel Borsdorf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Andes are attracting global interest again: they hold valuable mineral resources, tourists appreciate their great natural beauty and the diversity of indigenous cultures, climbers scale rock and ice faces, while many others are intrigued by regional political developments, such as the Bolivarian revolution in Venezuela or the almost unfettered hegemony of the neoliberal economic model in Chile. This volume is the first attempt for decades to present a complete overview of the longest mountain chain on the planet – a region of remarkable climatic, floristic and geologic diversity, where advanced civilization developed well before the arrival of the Spanish. Today the Andes continue to be characterized by their ethnic, demographic, cultural and economic diversity, as well as by the disparity of local socioeconomic groups. The Andean countries pursue a wide range of approaches to tackle the challenges of making the best use of their natural and cultural potential without damaging their ecological basis, as well as to overcome economic disparity and foster social cohesion. This book provides insights into this unique region and its most pressing issues, complemented by a wealth of pictures and comprehensive diagrams, which, in sum, help to better understand these fascinating mountains.
Author : Juan de Recacoechea
Publisher : Akashic Books
ISBN 13 : 1933354720
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (333 download)
Download or read book Andean Express written by Juan de Recacoechea and published by Akashic Books. This book was released on 2009 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Part social commentary, part mystery thriller... Andean Express] is a chilling, tragic tale."--MultiCultural Review This murder mystery follows a tragic overnight train journey in 1952 from Bolivia to Chile, presenting a moving environment at once carnivalesque and sinister. The novel explores the social tensions characteristic of Bolivian society in a way that is both accessible and highly entertaining. Juan de Recacoechea was born in La Paz, Bolivia, and worked as a journalist in Europe for almost twenty years. After returning to his native country, he helped found Bolivia's first state-run television network and dedicated himself to fiction writing. His novel American Visa won Bolivia's National Book Prize, was adapted into an award-winning film, and was translated into English and published by Akashic Books to great critical acclaim.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book The Andean Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sewall Menzel
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 : 9780761810018
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Fire in the Andes written by Sewall Menzel and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1997-12-11 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire in the Andes is a trenchant comparative analysis of why the U.S. drug wars in Bolivia and Peru are failing. While frequent anti-drug battles are won, a flawed policy analysis and strategy have led to strategic foreign policy defeat in the region. This book fills an important gap in our in-depth knowledge of U.S. foreign policy and its application in the drug wars of the high Andes region of South America. Written from the perspective of a former active participant in the U.S. anti-drug policy formulation and implementation efforts, the study uses an in-depth comparative approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. anti-drug foreign policy in Bolivia and Peru which currently comprise the primary focus of the Clinton Administration's counter-drug efforts to combat narcotrafficking at the source in Latin America today.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1457825953
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (578 download)
Download or read book Impact of the Andean Trade Preference Act: Effect on the U.S. Economy and on Andean Drug Crop Eradication and Crop Substitution, 1993 Annual Report, Inv. 332-352 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
