Analysis Of The Effects Of Rumination Time On The Milk Fatty Acid Profile In Holstein Cattle

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Analysis of the Effects of Rumination Time on the Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Holstein Cattle

Author : James McNew
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of the Effects of Rumination Time on the Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Holstein Cattle by : James McNew

Download or read book Analysis of the Effects of Rumination Time on the Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Holstein Cattle written by James McNew and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Milk composition is variable among species and influenced by the diet and health status of the animal. The objective of this study to characterize the variation in milk fat concentration and yield between cows and the relationship between these variables prior to determining the relationship with rumination. The biohydrogenation theory is the leading theory for milk fat depression and explains most of the environmental variation in milk fat. Bacteria modify unsaturated fats to saturated fats, and during acidosis the rate of the reaction is decreased in the rumen. The trans intermediates escape the rumen and inhibit milk fat synthesis. Milk samples were collected on two separate days from multiparous Holstein cows. Cows were housed in free stalls with sand bedding and fed ad libitum a TMR once daily. A total of 156 milk samples were collected. 91 were collected on the first sampling and 65 samples were taken on the second. Each sample was composited by milk yield based on the proportion of milk produced at the morning and evening milking. Milk samples were methylated prior to fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography. Mid infrared spectrum was used to analyze milk fat, lactose, and protein and predict categories of milk fatty acids. Linear and quadratic regression were used to correlated specific fatty effects on milk fat percent, along with milk yield. Elevated levels of trans-10 18:1 was indicative of reduced milk fat in the samples, but explained a limited amount of the variation. The rumination data was not available for analysis due to issue with the manufacturer. However, this work demonstrated that there is considerable variation in milk fat and milk fatty acid profile in cows fed the same diet and managed in a similar way that may be explained by rumination time.

Impact of Management, Health Status, Nutrient Utilization, and Rumination on Milk Fatty Acid Composition from Lactating Holstein and Jersey Cows in the Southeast

Download Impact of Management, Health Status, Nutrient Utilization, and Rumination on Milk Fatty Acid Composition from Lactating Holstein and Jersey Cows in the Southeast PDF Online Free

Author : Sarah Caitlin Allen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Management, Health Status, Nutrient Utilization, and Rumination on Milk Fatty Acid Composition from Lactating Holstein and Jersey Cows in the Southeast by : Sarah Caitlin Allen

Download or read book Impact of Management, Health Status, Nutrient Utilization, and Rumination on Milk Fatty Acid Composition from Lactating Holstein and Jersey Cows in the Southeast written by Sarah Caitlin Allen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characterization of the Daily Rhythm of Intake, Rumination, and Rumen PH in Cows Fed Diets Differing in Starch and Fiber Concentration and Fatty Acid Profile

Author : Michelle Morelli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of the Daily Rhythm of Intake, Rumination, and Rumen PH in Cows Fed Diets Differing in Starch and Fiber Concentration and Fatty Acid Profile by : Michelle Morelli

Download or read book Characterization of the Daily Rhythm of Intake, Rumination, and Rumen PH in Cows Fed Diets Differing in Starch and Fiber Concentration and Fatty Acid Profile written by Michelle Morelli and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cow has a daily pattern of intake and rumination that causes a daily rhythm in rumen pH. It is expected that the daily pattern of intake and rumination is regulated by the physiology of the cow, the nutrient composition of the diet fed, and the environment and herd management. However, the effect of diet on these rhythms is not well characterized, as intake, rumination, and rumen pH are commonly reported as sums or averages over the day. Rumination, feed intake, and rumen pH data observed every 5 seconds over 4 days in two experiments using Holstein cows were analyzed to determine the effect of diet on the daily rhythms. Two experiments used a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets for the first experiment contained either brown midrib (BMR) or its isogenic normal control corn silage at two different concentrations of dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF; 29% and 38%). The second experiment included diets of ground high-moisture (HM) corn or dry ground (DG) corn at two dietary starch concentrations (32% and 21%). A third experiment used a replicated 4 x4 Latin square design that examined the effect of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid supplements (FS). Treatments included a control diet with no added fat and a 2.5% added fatty acid supplement from a saturated FA, an unsaturated FA, or an intermediate mixture of the saturated and unsaturated FS. For the first two experiments, intake followed a similar daily rhythm regardless of corn type or starch and NDF level. Rumen pH was affected by NDF level for both experiments, with diets with low NDF resulting in lower rumen pH values than high NDF diets, but the daily rhythm was similar between treatments. The DG and HM corn diets did not differ in daily rumination, but BMR decreased rumen pH compared to the normal diets. Type of corn silage also did not significantly affect rumination behavior, but low NDF levels did result in less rumination throughout the day. The third diet showed no significant effect of supplementation of fat or supplement fatty acid profile on intake, rumination, and rumen pH behavior. Overall, intake, rumination, and rumen pH follow a daily pattern that is minimally modified by dietary fiber and starch type and level or fat level and fatty acid profile.

Effects of Feeding Supplemental Palmitic Acid (C16:0) on Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Lactating Dairy Cows Under Summer Heat

Author : Jesse Lee Warntjes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Feeding Supplemental Palmitic Acid (C16:0) on Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Lactating Dairy Cows Under Summer Heat by : Jesse Lee Warntjes

Download or read book Effects of Feeding Supplemental Palmitic Acid (C16:0) on Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Lactating Dairy Cows Under Summer Heat written by Jesse Lee Warntjes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Nutritional Supplementation of Palmitic and Stearic Acid on Milk Composition and Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Multiparous Holstein Dairy Cows and Primiparous Brown Swiss Cows

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Author : Mary Kathleen Beam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Nutritional Supplementation of Palmitic and Stearic Acid on Milk Composition and Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Multiparous Holstein Dairy Cows and Primiparous Brown Swiss Cows by : Mary Kathleen Beam

Download or read book Effects of Nutritional Supplementation of Palmitic and Stearic Acid on Milk Composition and Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Multiparous Holstein Dairy Cows and Primiparous Brown Swiss Cows written by Mary Kathleen Beam and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization

Author : George C. Fahey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1032 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization by : George C. Fahey

Download or read book Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization written by George C. Fahey and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a historical foundation as well as a review of the state-of- the-art in forage science, detailing 25 years of progress in forage quality, evaluation, and utilization, along with the latest developments and new directions for future research. The volume is divided into six sections: overview of forage science; identification and quantitative measurement of forage quality components; intake as a critical element of forest quality; role of digestion and metabolism in determining forage quality; integrating concepts affecting changes in forage quality; and improving forage quality and evaluation. No index. Member price, $36. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Effects of Supplemental 2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio) Butanoic Acid and Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids in Lactating Dairy Cows

Author : Jacob E. Copelin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Supplemental 2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio) Butanoic Acid and Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids in Lactating Dairy Cows by : Jacob E. Copelin

Download or read book Effects of Supplemental 2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio) Butanoic Acid and Branched Chain Volatile Fatty Acids in Lactating Dairy Cows written by Jacob E. Copelin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBa), a methionine analog, can alleviate dietary induced milk fat depression by increasing milk fat percent and changing the milk fatty acid profile. Branched chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) are important growth factors for rumen cellulolytic bacteria, which biohydrogenate polyunsaturated fatty acids into compounds that contribute to milk fat depression. Therefore, the objective of these experiments is to determine how HMTBa, BCVFA, or their combination affects rumen fermentation, milk production and profile, and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows. We hypothesized that HMTBa and BCVFA would improve rumen biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduce risk of milk fat depression and that the combination of the two would have a synergistic effect. To test the hypothesis, three experiments were conducted: two in vitro batch cultures and an in vivo experiment. Experiment 1 used the following treatments: a typical diet (50:50 of forage to concentrate on a DM basis, CON), CON with the addition of 3.0% linoleic acid (DM basis, LA), LA with 0.1% D/L methionine (MET), and 0.1% of HMTBa (Rhodiment, Adisseo Inc.) in an in vitro system. Experiment 2 had the following treatments: a typical diet (60:40 of forage to concentrate on a DM basis, CON), CON with the addition of 3.0% linoleic acid (DM basis, LA), LA with 0.1% HMTBa, LA with equal molar proportions (1 mmol/L) of isovalerate, isobutyrate, and 2-methylbutyrate (BCVFA), and a combination of HMTBa and BCVFA (COMBO) in an in vitro system. Experiment 3 was designed as a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design using 5 ruminally cannulated and 5 non-cannulated lactating Holstein cows (194 ± 58 DIM) blocked by cannulated and non-cannulated cows. Treatment diets included a high forage diet (32.2% NDF of which 64.4% came from forage NDF, 24.0% starch, and 3.4% FA; HF), a low forage diet (28.9% NDF of which 60.1% came from forage NDF, 29.1% starch, and 3.5 FA; LF), LF with 0.1% HMTBa (LF-HMTBa), LF with equal molar proportions of isobutyrate, isovlalerate, 2-methylbutyrate, and valerate (LF-BCVFA), and LF with the combination of HMTBa and BCVFA (COMBO). All data were analyzed using mixed procedures of SAS. Experiment 1 and 2 were a completely randomized design with incubation as the random effect and treatment and hour as fixed effects. Means were compared within hour (each time point) by least significant difference. Experiment 3 was a 5 × 5 Latin square design with period and treatment were fixed effects and cow and cow within square as random effects. Day was used as repeated measures for production data, and hour replaced day for rumen fermentation analysis. In experiment 1 and 2, there were minimal changes in the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid. There was no difference in either 18:1 trans-10 or 18:2 cis-12, trans-10 CLA in any treatment for either experiment 1 or 2. Supplementation of HMTBa increased (P

Effects of Polyunsaturated Protected Lipid Feeding on Bovine Milk Composition, Production, and Stereospecific Distribution of Milk Fatty Acids

Download Effects of Polyunsaturated Protected Lipid Feeding on Bovine Milk Composition, Production, and Stereospecific Distribution of Milk Fatty Acids PDF Online Free

Author : David Mark Barbano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Polyunsaturated Protected Lipid Feeding on Bovine Milk Composition, Production, and Stereospecific Distribution of Milk Fatty Acids by : David Mark Barbano

Download or read book Effects of Polyunsaturated Protected Lipid Feeding on Bovine Milk Composition, Production, and Stereospecific Distribution of Milk Fatty Acids written by David Mark Barbano and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants

Author : D. C. Church
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants by : D. C. Church

Download or read book Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants written by D. C. Church and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effect of Breed, Parity, and Stage of Lactation on Milk Fat Content of Conjugaged Linoleic Acid (cla) in the Dairy Cow

Author : Julie Anna Kelsey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Breed, Parity, and Stage of Lactation on Milk Fat Content of Conjugaged Linoleic Acid (cla) in the Dairy Cow by : Julie Anna Kelsey

Download or read book Effect of Breed, Parity, and Stage of Lactation on Milk Fat Content of Conjugaged Linoleic Acid (cla) in the Dairy Cow written by Julie Anna Kelsey and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

INVESTIGATING APPLICATIONS OF RUMINATION DATA FOR IMPROVING MILK FAT PRODUCTION ON COMMERCIAL DAIRY FARMS.

Author : Danielle Andreen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis INVESTIGATING APPLICATIONS OF RUMINATION DATA FOR IMPROVING MILK FAT PRODUCTION ON COMMERCIAL DAIRY FARMS. by : Danielle Andreen

Download or read book INVESTIGATING APPLICATIONS OF RUMINATION DATA FOR IMPROVING MILK FAT PRODUCTION ON COMMERCIAL DAIRY FARMS. written by Danielle Andreen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Milk fat is the most variable component of milk and is closely related to rumen fermentation. Specific subclinical diseases that reduce milk fat production, like biohydrogenation-induced milk fat depression (BH-induced MFD) or subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA), are responsible for some of this variability. Both conditions arise from altered rumen fermentation, which is difficult to monitor in commercial herds, but are financially detrimental to farms as butterfat is currently the most valuable component of milk. Rumination is a well-studied behavior in dairy cows that is an intrinsic part of rumen fermentation, and thus may serve as an indicator of conditions like SARA and BH-induced MFD. Commercially-available rumination sensing systems are becoming more widely implemented on dairy farms, which has made rumination data for individual cows easily accessible. This presents the opportunity to investigate these data could be used to identify cows with altered fermentation and improve milk fat production and profitability of dairy farms.The relationship between average daily rumination time (RT; min/d) and milk fat concentration and fatty acid (FA) profile was first investigated on commercial farms with the CowManager SensoOr ear tag system (CM; Agis Automatisering BV, Harmelen, the Netherlands) or the SCR neck-collar system (SCR; SCR Engineers; Netanya, Israel). In these experiments milk FA profile was used as a non-invasive indicator of rumen fermentation, as FA profile is responsive to changes in nutrition and development of BH-induced MFD or SARA. In our dataset of 1733 cows from five commercial farms in Pennsylvania and New York, we found no association between numerical RT and milk fat concentration. However, associations between RT and milk FA indicators of SARA and BH-induced MFD were observed. Surprisingly, greater daily rumination time, rather than less rumination time as hypothesized, was associated with a FA profile indicative of these conditions. This may be due to cows increasing rumination in response to altered rumen fermentation. A follow-up experiment with two of the original five farms was conducted, one farm with each observation system, to investigate how RT was associated with milk fat production over a year-long period. After accounting for individual cow effects and other variables, RT was associated with small reductions in milk fat concentration only in the CM farm, and had no relationship to milk fat in the SCR farm. It is unclear whether the difference between farms was due to rumination measurement method, a potentially greater prevalence of BH-induced MFD in the CM farm, or other reasons. Regardless, it appears the relationship between RT and milk fat may not be strong or consistent enough to enable use of rumination data to identify cows with altered rumen fermentation. In conclusion, numerical baseline rumination time, as reported by commercial rumination systems, is not strongly related to milk fat concentration or prevalence of BH-induced MFD. Rumination time is highly influenced by individual cow effects, and even after accounting for the effect of cow and other variables, RT is associated with only small reductions in milk fat concentration. Further research examining changes in rumination time specifically during onset of MFD or SARA is required to fully assess the usability of commercial rumination data for detection of these conditions.

Milk Quality

Author : F. Harding
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1461521955
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Milk Quality by : F. Harding

Download or read book Milk Quality written by F. Harding and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Milk has played a major contribution to the human diet in many different countries across the world since the dawn of time. The dairy cow was domesticated over 6000 years ago, she was the object of worship in the Middle East 2000 years before Christ, and milk and milk products are mentioned more than 50 times in the Bible. Milk and dairy products have become a major part of the human diet in many countries. It is not surprising therefore, that over many years considerable attention has been paid to improving the quality of milk. We have worked to improve the yield, the compositional quality and the hygienic quality, and have striven to minimise the level of contaminants which can find access to this, perhaps our most natural, unrefined and highly nutritious foodstuff. The chain of people involved in the milk industry extends from milk production-farmers, veterinarians and farm advisors-through transport to processing-quality controllers, manufacturers-and on to retailers, legislators, nutritionists, dairy educators and consumers. All will be interested in the quality parameters of milk which are reg ularly measured for commercial reasons, for trade, for legal requirements and for reasons of nutrition.

Production Diseases in Farm Animals

Author : Josef Johann Gross
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031517881
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Production Diseases in Farm Animals by : Josef Johann Gross

Download or read book Production Diseases in Farm Animals written by Josef Johann Gross and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zusammenfassung: This textbook deals comprehensively with livestock production diseases and their prevention in the major species: ruminants, swine, and poultry. It gives an interdisciplinary view on pathophysiology, prophylaxis, and health management. Livestock breeding and husbandry is often accompanied by a conflict of interest between the animal ́s biological requirements and economic producer needs. This conflict is increasingly gaining attention not only by producers, animal scientists, and veterinarians, but also by the public. It creates significant future challenges, which are described and addressed in this book. The main topics covered are: • the use of antimicrobials with emphasis on security and safety for producers/consumers • the impact of locomotion disorders on performance and welfare of farm animals • the interactions of gut microbiome, genetics, climate change, metabolic status and mineral homeostasis with reproduction, performance, animal health and welfare • infectious and respiratory diseases • the raising of neonates A special section is devoted to behavioural signs indicating an impaired animal welfare. These are the basis for precision livestock farming (PLF) technology and the development of new management concepts. The present work is a valuable resource for veterinarians, students, as well as expert readers from animal and agricultural sciences, food safety and technology. Supplementary videos can be accessed online as well as directly from the print book; simply download the Springer Nature More Media App for free and scan the links with the play button

Feeding Strategies to Improve Sustainability and Welfare in Animal Production

Author : Fulvia Bovera
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039432524
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Feeding Strategies to Improve Sustainability and Welfare in Animal Production by : Fulvia Bovera

Download or read book Feeding Strategies to Improve Sustainability and Welfare in Animal Production written by Fulvia Bovera and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-04-23 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the scientific contributions published within the Animals topical collection “Feeding Strategies to Improve Sustainability and Welfare in Animal Production”. Originally a Special Issue, it has turned into a permanent collection, with its first article being published in July 2019 and more than 30 published articles a year later: evidence of the great interest from the scientific community regarding the topics addressed. The articles, which are grouped by species (poultry, ruminants, pigs, etc.) and by topic, deal with a wide range of arguments that, first of all, highlight the extraordinary complexity and diversity that exists in the animal production sector, and then, the great influence that nutrition and feeding can have in terms of optimizing the use of environmental resources and improving the welfare of farmed animals. In addition, all this is closely connected with the urgent need to safeguard the resources of the planet on which we live.

Effects of a Commercial Feed Additive on Production Losses During Acute Heat Stress Conditions in Mid-lactation Holstein Dairy Cows

Author : Kerrie Davison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of a Commercial Feed Additive on Production Losses During Acute Heat Stress Conditions in Mid-lactation Holstein Dairy Cows by : Kerrie Davison

Download or read book Effects of a Commercial Feed Additive on Production Losses During Acute Heat Stress Conditions in Mid-lactation Holstein Dairy Cows written by Kerrie Davison and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a commercial carbohydrate-based feed additive on dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk composition, and plasma metabolites during an acute period of heat stress (HS). Forty-eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were blocked according to milk yield, days in milk, and parity and were then randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments within block. Treatments were calculated to provide 100g (as fed) daily of either sucrose (control; CTL) or a commercial feed additive (Rally® , Purina Animal Nutrition, Shoreview, MN; RAL) administered twice daily as part of the total mixed ration (TMR). The experiment was divided into two periods consisting of 6.25 ± 0.3 d under thermoneutral (P1) conditions, followed by 11.75 ± 0.3 d of heat stress (P2) conditions (daily cyclical temperatures ranging from 23.8 to 30.2°C, temperature-humidity index of 69.2 to 75.5) in temperature-controlled environmental chambers. Daily DMI was determined using feed issue and refusal records. Milk yield was recorded daily and milk components were assessed for one 24-hour period on a twice weekly basis. Blood was sampled twice weekly and analyzed for concentrations of plasma glucose, [beta]-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). All variables were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS with repeated measures. There was no significant treatment difference during P1 for any of the variables measured. During P2, RAL cows displayed increased DMI (treatment by time, P = 0.05) and milk yield (treatment by time, P = 0.05) relative to CTL cows. Milk fat percentage tended to decrease to a greater extent in cows fed RAL (treatment by time, P 0.07), but milk fat yield was not different between treatments (P 0.20). Plasma NEFA concentrations of RAL cows tended to be lower (P

Influence of Unsaturated to Saturated Fatty Acid Ratios of Supplemental Fat on Yield and Composition of Milk, Plasma Parameters, and Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Holstein Cows

Download Influence of Unsaturated to Saturated Fatty Acid Ratios of Supplemental Fat on Yield and Composition of Milk, Plasma Parameters, and Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Holstein Cows PDF Online Free

Author : Catherine Diane Burch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Influence of Unsaturated to Saturated Fatty Acid Ratios of Supplemental Fat on Yield and Composition of Milk, Plasma Parameters, and Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Holstein Cows by : Catherine Diane Burch

Download or read book Influence of Unsaturated to Saturated Fatty Acid Ratios of Supplemental Fat on Yield and Composition of Milk, Plasma Parameters, and Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Holstein Cows written by Catherine Diane Burch and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

Author : P.N. Hobson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400914539
Total Pages : 741 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem by : P.N. Hobson

Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preface to the first edition of this book explained the reasons for the publication of a comprehensive text on the rumen and rumen microbes in 1988. The microbes of the ruminant's forestomach and those in related organs in other animals and birds provide the means by which herbivorous animals can digest and obtain nutriment from vegetation. In turn, humans have relied, and still do rely, on herbivores for much of their food, clothing and motive power. Herbivores also form the food of carnivorous animals and birds in the wild. The importance of the rumen microorganisms is thus apparent. But, while a knowledge of rumen organisms is not strictly neces sary for the normal, practical feeding of farm animals, in recent years there has been much more emphasis on increasing the productivity of domesti cated animals and in rearing farm animals on unusual feedstuffs. Here, a knowledge of the reactions of the rumen flora, and the limits to these reactions, can be invaluable. In addition, anaerobic rumen-type microor ganisms are found in the intestines of omnivores, including humans, and can be implicated in diseases of humans and animals. They are also found in soils and natural waters, where they playa part in causing pollution and also in reducing it, while the same organisms confined in artificial systems are essential for the purification of sewage and other polluting and toxic wastes.