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Author : William C. Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Speed Zoning Effectiveness written by William C. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William C. Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Speed Zoning Effectiveness. Final Report written by William C. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 9780309065023
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (65 download)
Download or read book Managing Speed written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1998 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB Special Report 254 - Managing Speed: Review of Current Practices for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits reviews practices for setting and enforcing speed limits on all types of roads and provides guidance to state and local governments on appropriate methods of setting speed limits and related enforcement strategies. Following an executive summary, the report is presented in six chapters and five appendices.
Author : R. F. Benekohal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Evaluation and Summary of Studies in Speed Control Methods in Work Zones written by R. F. Benekohal and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes and evaluates the important findings from the literature review of the studies on work zone speed control techniques. The following treatments are included in this report: 1) flagging, 2) lane width reduction, 3) law enforcement, 4) changeable message signs (CMS), 5) rumble strips, and 6) flashing beacons. The effects of the speed control treatments on speed and traffic flow are evaluated based on: A) experiences with treatment, B) effects of treatment on speed, C) effectiveness of treatment, and D) comments about treatment. A brief description of the conditions under which the treatments were applied is provided, and the speed reduction effects of each technique are discussed. A reference matrix was prepared to identify publications related to each type of speed reduction treatment used in work zones.
Author : Fred Coleman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Determination of a Discriminant Function as a Prediction Model for Effectiveness of Speed Zoning in Urban Areas written by Fred Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yi Hou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (876 download)
Download or read book Speed-based Safety Analysis for Work Zones written by Yi Hou and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speed is one of the characteristics of traffic flow that affect accident rates and severity near work zones. Approximately 25% fatal crashes in work zones involved high speed. In speed-related work zone traffic safety study, 85th percentile speed is usually considered as the measures of effectiveness in evaluating speed management strategies. In order to determine the significance of the improvements of the measure of effectiveness, statistical methodology is applied. However, in spite of the wide use of the 85th percentile speed, statistical test for comparing percentile speeds from different groups of speed population is not as common as t-test and ANOVA for the mean speed. In this thesis, a standard normal Z statistical test for quantiles is derived based on Crammer's asymptotic distribution of sample quantiles. In addition, two research projects that motivated this methodology are presented as case studies of speed-based safety analysis for work zones, as well as excellent illustrations of this new methodology. One is the evaluation of the effectiveness of work zone speed limits. The other one is analysis of the sequential warning lights in night time work zone.
Author : Conrad L. Dudek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Speed Zoning and Control written by Conrad L. Dudek and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nicholas J. Garber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Effectiveness of Changeable Message Signs in Controlling Vehicle Speeds in Work Zones written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zone speeds have customarily been regulated by standard regulatory or advisory speed signs. However, most drivers do not slow down in response to these static speed control measures. The changeable message sign (CMS) with radar unit has dynamic capabilities which may be more effective in altering driver behavior. The radar, attached directly to the CMS, determines the actual speed of individual vehicles in the traffic stream. Upon detecting a speed higher than a preset threshold limit, the CMS can display a personalized warning message. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the CMS with radar unit in reducing work zone speeds. Four CMS messages designed to warn drivers that their speed exceeded the maximum safe speed were tested at seven work zones on two interstate highways in Virginia. Speed and volume data for the whole population traveling through the work zone were collected with automatic traffic counters. To assess the effect of CMS on high-speed drivers in particular, vehicles that triggered the radar-activated display were videotaped as they passed through the work zone. Using the data obtained from the traffic counters and videotapes, speed characteristics were determined at the beginning, middle, and end of the work zone. These characteristics were computed for the whole population and for high-speed vehicles separately. Statistical tests were then conducted using these speed characteristics to determine whether significant reductions in speed accompanied the use of CMS. Odds ratios were first calculated to compare the odds for speeding when using CMS with the odds for speeding when using the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) signing only. These odds ratios indicated that CMS effectively reduced the number of vehicles speeding by any amount, by 5 mph or more, and by 10 mph or more in the work zone. When analysis of variance was used to compare speeds when using the CMS with speeds when using MUTCD signing only, all of the speed characteristics average speeds, 85th percentile speeds, speed variance, and the percentage of vehicles speeding by any amount, by 5 mph or more, and by 10 mph or more were reduced with any of the four CMS messages. In some cases, these reductions were not significant at a= 0.05. The messages were rated according to their level of effectiveness in the following order: [1] YOU ARE SPEEDING SLOW DOWN, [2] HIGH SPEED SLOW DOWN, [3] REDUCE SPEED IN WORK ZONE, and [4] EXCESSIVE SPEED SLOW DOWN. Finally, t tests were conducted using the speed data obtained for the high-speed vehicles, and at a significance level of ct 0.05, all of the messages were effective in significantly reducing the average speeds of those vehicles traveling 59 mph or faster in a 55 mph work zone when compared to MUTCD signing only.
Author : Jack R. Cunningham (IV)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Speed Profiles and Evaluation of Dynamic Signs in Kansas Work Zones written by Jack R. Cunningham (IV) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work zones are essential for maintaining and improving roadways in the United States. Although reduced speed limits are used throughout work zones to increase worker and driver safety, motorists often do not obey these speed limits. From 2016 to 2017, 799 work zone fatalities occurred, an increase of 3%, with vehicle speed as a main contributing factor. These fatalities cost construction industries up to $3.5 billion a year. These expenses result from on-the-job crashes and cover property damage, medical/legal expenses, and loss of productivity (Douglas, 2018). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic speed signs that attempt to reduce vehicle speeds through work zones. A computer program was developed to trace vehicles through a work zone to determine the effectiveness of following vehicles through a work zone versus evaluating overall vehicle data when evaluating the dynamic speed signs. This study utilized three work zones: Work Zone 1 (computer program) and Work Zones 2 and 3 (dynamic speed signs). Results showed that overall data evaluation more effectively determined vehicle speed than vehicle evaluation via the computer program. While Work Zones 2 and 3 both showed reductions in vehicle speed after the dynamic speed signs were placed, reduced speeds in Work Zone 3 were closer to the posted speed limit than Work Zone 2. In addition, results showed that passenger cars were most likely to exceed work zone speed limits, followed by speeding tractor-trailer trucks.
Author : R. F. Benekohal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Limit Signs with Strobe Lights written by R. F. Benekohal and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The construction zone speed limit sign used in Illinois consists of a regulatory 45 mph speed limit sign augmented with two small strobe lights and two orange colored plates. When the lights are flashing the speed limit is 45 mph. This report contains the findings from evaluation of the effectiveness of the flashing lights in reducing speeds in a rural interstate construction zone. The speed reduction effects on cars and trucks were determined at two locations within the work zone. The results indicated that the average speed of cars was reduced by 1.9-7.1 mph and that of trucks by 1.3-6.0 mph when the strobe lights were flashing. In general, the speed reduction effects were more pronounced on the cars than on the trucks, and at a location past the work space than before it. The reductions at the location past the work space were 2-3 times more than the reductions at the location before the work space. Cars reduced their speeds, on the average, by 1.9 to 4.9 mph before and by 5.9 to 7.1 mph after the work space. Similarly, the speed reduction for trucks was 1.3-2.9 mph before and 3.3-6.0 after the work space. In general, the percentages of vehicles with excessive speeds in the work zone decreased when the lights were flashing.
Author : Nicholas J. Garber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (385 download)
Download or read book Effectiveness of Changeable Message Signs in Controlling Vehicle Speeds in Work Zones written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highway work zones have been plagued with increasing numbers of accidents in recent years. Drivers' lack of compliance with speed restrictions within work zones has been cited as one of the major contributing factors to this trend. The conventional practice for regulating work zone speeds has been static signing procedures (using regulatory or advisory speed signs). It has been found that drivers do not slow down in response to these static control measures. Changeable message signs (CMS) equipped with a radar unit can be used to display specific warning messages to speeding drivers. The radar unit detects the speed of each vehicle entering the work zone and can be programmed to activate the CMS if the speed of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold value. This offers a more dynamic speed control environment and therefore may prove to be more effective in influencing drivers to reduce their speeds. This report is the second phase of a longitudinal research study. The first phase of the project, conducted by Garber and Patel, examined the short term effectiveness of CMS in reducing vehicle speeds in work zones. That research established that the CMS (with the radar unit) is more effective in reducing speeds in work zones than the standard Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) signs. This study, while attempting to replicate the results obtained in phase I of the project, concentrated on evaluating the effect of duration of exposure of the CMS with radar on its effectiveness in reducing speeds and influencing speed profiles in work zones. The impact of length of the work zone and vehicle type on speed reductions was also studied. Three work zone sites in southwest Virginia, two on Interstate 81 and one on a primary highway on Route 19, were selected for the study. Speed and volume data for the population were collected using automatic traffic counters at the beginning, middle and end of each work zone. In addition, the speeds of individual drivers who triggered the CMS by exceeding the threshold speed were also recorded (using a video camera) at two other locations within the work zone to study the behavior of high speed drivers in particular and to compute their average speed reduction in response to the warning message. The results of the study indicate that the duration of exposure of the CMS does not have a significant impact on speed characteristics and driver behavior. Therefore, the CMS continues to be effective in controlling speeds in work zones for projects of long duration. It was also determined that the drivers exceeding the speed limit, in both interstate work zones have on average reduced their speeds by around 12.86 km/h (8 mph) at the middle of the work zone. At the third site (Route 19) the speed reductions at the middle of the work zone were about 16.08 km/h (10 mph). It was also found that there were no distinctive differences among the different types of vehicles with regard to speed reduction. The study also established that in longer work zones, drivers who reduced their speeds in response to the speed control effort frequently have a tendency to speed back up as they approach the end of the work zone. This indicates that very long work zones might warrant the installation of a second CMS to maintain speed reductions through the work zone.
Author : European Conference of Ministers of Transport
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9282103781
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (821 download)
Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the ...
Author : R. F. Benekohal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Speed Reduction Methods and Studies in Work Zones written by R. F. Benekohal and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project were to determine the effectiveness of speed control methods and study traffic behavior in construction zones. This report provides a brief introduction and summary of findings from the following reports which were prepared as part of this study: (1) Evaluation and Summary of Studies in Speed Control Methods in Work Zones. (2) Evaluation of a Radar-Activated Horn System for Speed Control in Highway Maintenance Operations. (3) Survey of Driver's Opinion about Work Zone Traffic Control on a Rural Highway. (4) Speed Reduction Effects of Drone Radar in Rural Interstate Work Zones. (5) Speed Reduction Effects of Changeable Message Signs in a Construction Zone. (6) Effects of Police Presence on Speed in a Highway Work Zone: Circulating Marked Police Car Experiment. (7) Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Limit Signs with Strobe Lights. (8) Speed Reduction Profiles of Vehicles in a Highway Construction zone. Data only for those vehicles in free flow traffic are used for speed reduction evaluation. A vehicle was considered to be in free flow traffic when its time headway was greater than 5 seconds.
Author : Martin R. Parker & Associates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (284 download)
Download or read book Comparison of Speed Zoning Procedures and Their Effectiveness written by Martin R. Parker & Associates and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : T. H. Maze
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Reduction Measures written by T. H. Maze and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) has made improving work zone (WZ) safety a high priority. Managing vehicle speeds through work zones is perceived to be an important factor in achieving this goal. A number of speed reduction techniques are currently used by transportation agencies throughout the country to control speeds and reduce speed variation at work zones. The purpose of this project is to study these and other applicable work zone speed reduction strategies. Furthermore, this research explores transportation agencies' policies regarding managing speeds in long-term, short-term, and moving work zones. This report consists of three chapters. The first chapter, a literature review, examines the current speed reduction practices at work zones and provides a review of the relevant literature. The speed control strategies reviewed in this chapter range from posting regulatory and advisory speed limit signs to using the latest radar technologies to reduce speeds at work zones. The second chapter includes a short write-up for each identified speed control technique. The write-up includes a description, the results of any field tests, the benefits and the costs of the technology or technique. To learn more about other state policies regarding work zone speed reduction and management, the Center for Transportation Research and Education conducted a survey. The survey consists of six multipart questions. The third chapter provides summaries of the response to each question.
Author : Patrick T. McCoy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)
Download or read book A Study of the Effectiveness of School Speed Zones and Their Enforcement written by Patrick T. McCoy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William C. Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Speed Zoning on Traffic Operations written by William C. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a new theory of speed zoning and the methods and results of tests designed to validate the theory. Basic concept of theory is that a relationship exists between rate of occurrence of accidents and distribution of speeds on a section of rural highway, and effectiveness of speed zoning in reducing accidents is dependent on the speed distribution before and after zoning.
