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Analysis Of Selected Sustainability Criteria Of Electric Vehicles From An Energy Economic Perspective In Europe
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Book Synopsis Analysis of Selected Sustainability Criteria of Electric Vehicles from an Energy-Economic Perspective in Europe by : Bodo Gohla-Neudecker
Download or read book Analysis of Selected Sustainability Criteria of Electric Vehicles from an Energy-Economic Perspective in Europe written by Bodo Gohla-Neudecker and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-09-05 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2014 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: magna cum laude, Technical University of Munich (Institute for Energy Economy and Application Technology – Lehrstuhl für Energiewirtschaft und Anwendungstechnik), language: English, abstract: Abstract Within the scope of this dissertation, a model for synthesising the future development of EV power consumption is presented and incorporated in a European energy system model. Three allocation methodologies – the mix, delta and parallel market methods – are presented and allow a differentiated evaluation of selected sustainability criteria of EVs (well-to-wheel efficiencies, CO2 emissions and energy costs). These are compared to values of ICVs from 2015 to 2050 in 27 European countries. Results conclude that the sustainability advantages of EVs in Europe fully come to effect from 2025 onwards. Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein Modell für die Synthese des zukünftigen Stromverbrauchs von Elektrofahrzeugen vorgestellt und in einem europäischen Energiesystemmodell integriert. Drei Zuweisungsmethoden – die Mix-, Delta- und Parallelmarkt-Methode – ermöglichen eine differenzierte Bewertung von Elektrofahrzeugen (Primärenergieeffizienz, CO2-Emissionen und Energiekosten). Diese werden mit den Werten von konv. Kfz von 2015 bis 2050 in 27 europäischen Ländern verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nachhaltigkeitsvorteile von Elektrofahrzeugen in Europa ab 2025 voll zum Tragen kommen.
Book Synopsis Circular Economy Perspectives for the Management of Batteries Used in Electric Vehicles by :
Download or read book Circular Economy Perspectives for the Management of Batteries Used in Electric Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ricardo Energy & Environment was commissioned to provide technical support to the European Commission on "Circular Economy Perspectives for the Management of Batteries used in Electric Vehicles" (hereafter, the 'project'). The project was commissioned by the European Commission's DG Joint Research Centre (hereafter 'the JRC'). This final report provides a summary of the final findings of the project, which were also presented in draft form and discussed with stakeholders at the final project workshop on 4th February 2019. For electric vehicles, the production (and disposal) of the traction battery may constitute a significant share of the full lifecycle impacts. With the take-up of electric vehicles anticipated to accelerate in the coming years, minimisation of these impacts will be increasingly important. The objective of the project is to support the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in providing a strong factual base and techno-economic analysis to address the following six key research questions: 1. What are the current available and emerging techniques in the manufacturing, re-use and recycling of traction batteries for electric vehicles? How are end-of-life batteries currently processed and what are the emerging plans for the future? 2. What is the current environmental impact of traction batteries for electric vehicles across the whole life cycle? What are the current environmental hotspots and how are they addressed? 3. What will the potential environmental impacts and hotspots of traction batteries over their whole life cycle be if electric vehicles are deployed at large scale and/or in accordance with current trends, in the near, medium and long term? 4. What are the perspectives for developing a sustainable value chain for electric vehicle batteries in the EU? 5. What are the current strengths and weaknesses of the EU economy (industry, infrastructure, policy framework) for dealing with the lifecycle of traction batteries in the perspective of road transport electrification? 6. What public policies could be envisaged to ensure truly circular lifecycles for traction batteries, and to harness the opportunities for growth and jobs in the EU? In order to investigate and provide robust answers to these key research questions, the Project team followed an analytical approach to build the evidence base supporting the analysis, identifying key challenges and finally developing potential policy solutions. The initial part of the analysis focusses on reviewing state-of-the-art techniques for the manufacturing, reuse/repurposing and recycling of batteries, to better understand the environmental lifecycle impacts and hotspots, and to feed into the analysis of implications of electric vehicle (EV) deployment, which were explored by scenario modelling. By establishing the characteristics of what a sustainable value chain could look like, the analysis could identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the EU economy in reaching a circular economy model for EV batteries. The final part of the analysis then laid out concrete challenges facing the development of a sustainable value chain, and how to address these by identifying policy alternatives and prioritising these (according to better regulation criteria) to propose a shortlist of policy solutions to be considered.
Book Synopsis Environmental Assessment of Lightweight Electric Vehicles by : Patricia Egede
Download or read book Environmental Assessment of Lightweight Electric Vehicles written by Patricia Egede and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-25 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph adresses the challenge of the environmental assessment of leightweight electric vehicles. It poses the question whether the use of lightweight materials in electric vehicles can reduce the vehicles’ environmental impact and compares the environmental performance of a lightweight electric vehicle (LEV) to other types of vehicles. The topical approach focuses on methods from life cycle assessment (LCA), and the book concludes with a comprehensive concept on the environmental assessment of LEVs. The target audience primarily comprises LCA practitioners from research institutes and industry, but it may also be beneficial for graduate students specializing in the field of environmental assessment.
Author :European Commission. Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :286 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Getting Environmental Policy Right by : European Commission. Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs
Download or read book Getting Environmental Policy Right written by European Commission. Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electric vehicles roll-out in Europe by : Friðrik Már Baldursson
Download or read book Electric vehicles roll-out in Europe written by Friðrik Már Baldursson and published by Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE). This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a timely contribution to the search for concrete responses on how to successfully complete and manage the roll-out of electric vehicles in Europe. For this purpose, the report presents case studies of three countries: Norway and the Netherlands – where market penetration of electric vehicles is already comparatively high – as well as Luxembourg, which is an interesting case from a regulatory perspective. The Three Case Studies Norway has some unique characteristics that are important for the study of how electric vehicles affect the electricity system. On the one hand, the penetration of electric vehicles is higher in Norway than anywhere else in Europe. On the other hand, thanks to the availability of cheap hydropower, the Norwegian electricity system has been designed to support electric space heating in a cold climate. Hence, it has been able to accommodate high levels of electric vehicle penetration, even with relatively light-handed regulation on location and capacity of charging infrastructure. The unique characteristics of Norway make it difficult to generalise its experience. Nevertheless, it does suggest that electric vehicles can be accommodated by electricity systems, given reasonable levels of penetration and sufficient time to respond to the resulting demand for electricity. The Netherlands already has a well-developed network of charging points. The base for charging is provided by private charging points either at home or at work. Semi-public chargers with limited access are also an important category that is growing quickly. Public chargers are often deployed through a demand-driven approach, and this method of providing charging infrastructure where there is not enough private parking – and therefore a lack of private charging – is an option used particularly in cities. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a small, still developing system in terms of the number of electric vehicles. Luxembourg has organised the development of its charging infrastructure centrally and the main public charging network is owned by distribution companies. Due to its location, the Duchy cooperates with the Netherlands and Belgium to facilitate the usage of electric vehicles in the region so that users of electric vehicles can charge their cars in any station belonging to the three networks. Looking at the three cases, Luxembourg has taken a somewhat different approach to creating a charging infrastructure for electric vehicles than the other two countries studied. There, responsibility for ensuring the deployment of the necessary infrastructure has been vested with electricity network companies, who have produced a comprehensive national scheme based on public tenders, to ensure a timely rollout. Given the relatively low numbers of both electric vehicles and charging points in the country to date, it is however not yet clear how well this approach is working, especially compared to the alternative pursued in the Netherlands and Norway. Both the Netherlands and Norway have adopted more decentralised approaches to charging infrastructure. However, in both countries, such infrastructure has developed in line with the fleet of electric vehicles and charging facilities do not seem to be an obstacle to further growth of the fleet. The Norwegian experience is perhaps of particular interest, given the unusually high penetration of electric vehicles there. The fact that distribution networks are guaranteed financing of necessary upgrades from users has clearly played a part in facilitating the connection of charging points. The Netherlands has developed more of a bottom-up approach to account for the fact that a large proportion of people live in multi-home dwellings without access to a garage or a private parking space. Policy implications For the rise of electric vehicles to go smoothly, it is crucial that the right incentives and market structures be in place. One of the challenges for distribution system operators is to ensure that charging mostly takes place during off-peak hours. Time-of-use pricing is a possible option for shifting general demand for charging at or near homes from peak to off-peak hours. However, this may not suffice to solve the localised problems in distribution networks. A change in regulation, rather than a change in the tariff and pricing structure, could be more appropriate in certain cases. Electric vehicles, or rather their batteries, could also potentially provide important storage and flexibility in a decarbonised energy system based in large part on renewable energy sources. While time-of-use tariffs and pricing or command-and-control regulation would be the appropriate tools to shift charging demand to off-peak hours, they will not be sufficient to exploit the full potential of electric vehicles as storage. One challenge in this regard is simply having enough charging (or de-charging) points for parked vehicles.
Book Synopsis Energy Transformation towards Sustainability by : Manuela Tvaronaciene
Download or read book Energy Transformation towards Sustainability written by Manuela Tvaronaciene and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Transformation towards Sustainability explores how researchers, businesses and policymakers can explore and usefully improve energy systems and energy consumption behavior, both to reflect the reality of climate change and related environmental degradation and to adapt to the expanding periphery of renewable energy technologies. It introduces the reader to a suite of potential policy pathways to the necessary transformation in societal energy consumption, usage and behavior. Solutions discussed include energy efficiency, energy security, the role of political leadership, green public policy, and the transition to renewable energy sources. International contributions address the range and depth of current research from a position of advocacy for 'energy stewardship' as the driver of this transformation. Case studies illustrate the range of various countries to diminish energy use. Finally, policy avenues are covered in depth. Reviews the interrelationship between economic growth, energy consumption and climate change Uses a wide variety of case studies to support practical implementation across national energy systems Highlights a wide spectrum of urgent issues, including threats related to energy use and secure and sustainable development Contains contributions that reflect a breadth and depth of scholarship from international backgrounds
Book Synopsis Selected Papers from SDEWES 2017: The 12th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems by : Francesco Calise
Download or read book Selected Papers from SDEWES 2017: The 12th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems written by Francesco Calise and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-02-04 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Selected Papers from SDEWES 2017: The 12th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems" that was published in Energies
Book Synopsis Overcoming Barriers to Electric-vehicle Deployment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Overcoming Barriers to Electric-vehicle Deployment written by National Research Council and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric vehicle offers many promises--increasing U.S. energy security by reducing petroleum dependence, contributing to climate-change initiatives by decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, stimulating long-term economic growth through the development of new technologies and industries, and improving public health by improving local air quality. There are, however, substantial technical, social, and economic barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including vehicle cost, small driving range, long charging times, and the need for a charging infrastructure. In addition, people are unfamiliar with electric vehicles, are uncertain about their costs and benefits, and have diverse needs that current electric vehicles might not meet. Although a person might derive some personal benefits from ownership, the costs of achieving the social benefits, such as reduced GHG emissions, are borne largely by the people who purchase the vehicles. Given the recognized barriers to electric-vehicle adoption, Congress asked the Department of Energy (DOE) to commission a study by the National Academies to address market barriers that are slowing the purchase of electric vehicles and hindering the deployment of supporting infrastructure. As a result of the request, the National Research Council (NRC)--a part of the National Academies--appointed the Committee on Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment. This committee documented their findings in two reports--a short interim report focused on near-term options, and a final comprehensive report. Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment fulfills the request for the short interim report that addresses specifically the following issues: infrastructure needs for electric vehicles, barriers to deploying the infrastructure, and possible roles of the federal government in overcoming the barriers. This report also includes an initial discussion of the pros and cons of the possible roles. This interim report does not address the committee's full statement of task and does not offer any recommendations because the committee is still in its early stages of data-gathering. The committee will continue to gather and review information and conduct analyses through late spring 2014 and will issue its final report in late summer 2014. Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment focuses on the light-duty vehicle sector in the United States and restricts its discussion of electric vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The common feature of these vehicles is that their batteries are charged by being plugged into the electric grid. BEVs differ from PHEVs because they operate solely on electricity stored in a battery (that is, there is no other power source); PHEVs have internal combustion engines that can supplement the electric power train. Although this report considers PEVs generally, the committee recognizes that there are fundamental differences between PHEVs and BEVs.
Book Synopsis Electric Vehicles from Life Cycle and Circular Economy Perspectives by :
Download or read book Electric Vehicles from Life Cycle and Circular Economy Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric vehicles are anticipated to be a key future component of Europe's mobility system, helping reduce impacts on climate change and air quality. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) comprised around 0.6 % of all new car registrations in the EU in 2017 (EEA, 2018a). By 2030, BEVs could be between 3.9 % and 13.0 % of new car registrations, depending on the EU-wide fleet average CO2 target levels set for passenger cars in the future (EC, 2017a). There is, therefore, an increasing need to understand BEVs from a systems perspective. This involves an in-depth consideration of the environmental impact of the product using life cycle assessment (LCA) as well as taking a broader 'circular economy' approach. On the one hand, LCA is a means of assessing the environmental impact associated with all stages of a product's life from cradle to grave: from raw material extraction and processing to the product's manufacture to its use in everyday life and finally to its end of life. On the other hand, the concept of a circular economy considers impacts and in turn solutions across the whole societal system. In a traditional linear economy products are made, used and then disposed of, whereas in a circular economy the value of materials and products is kept as high as possible for as long as possible (EEA, 2017b). This, in turn, helps reduce requirements for new materials and energy needs, ameliorating environmental pressures. Additional aspects that can be considered within the circular economy concept (e.g. Jackson, 2017; Kopnina, 2017; Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2018) include the use of renewable energy and sustainable consumption, e.g. through the shared ownership of goods. Reflecting their relevance to BEVs, these additional aspects are also considered in this report. The aims of this report are to: - bring together existing evidence on the environmental impact of BEVs across the stages of their life cycle, undertaking where possible comparison with internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs); - consider how a move to a circular economy could reduce these impacts.
Book Synopsis Electrifying Mobility by : Graham Parkhurst
Download or read book Electrifying Mobility written by Graham Parkhurst and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrifying Mobility: Realising a Sustainable Future for the Car considers the drivers, barriers to adoption and the current lived experience of electric vehicles, drawing upon this experience to inform planning for mass adoption and how regulation might change to reflect the specific needs and challenges raised.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability in the Development of Smart Cities by : Vesco, Andrea
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability in the Development of Smart Cities written by Vesco, Andrea and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As population growth accelerates, researchers and professionals face challenges as they attempt to plan for the future. Urban planning is a significant component in addressing the key concerns as the world population moves towards the city and leaves the rural environment behind, yet there are many factors to consider for a well rounded community. The Handbook of Research on Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability in the Development of Smart Cities brings together the necessary research and interdisciplinary discussion to address dilemmas created by population growth and the expansion of urban environments. This publication is an essential reference source for researchers, academicians, investors, and practitioners interested in the urban planning and technological advancements necessary for the creation of smart cities.
Book Synopsis Challenges and Opportunities of Distributed Renewable Power by : Sudipta De
Download or read book Challenges and Opportunities of Distributed Renewable Power written by Sudipta De and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electric Vehicle Systems Architecture and Standardization Needs by : Beate Müller
Download or read book Electric Vehicle Systems Architecture and Standardization Needs written by Beate Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume presents research results of the PPP European Green Vehicle Initiative (EGVI), focusing on Electric Vehicle Systems Architecture and Standardization Needs. The objectives of energy efficiency and zero emissions in road transportation imply a paradigm shift in the concept of the automobile regarding design, materials, and propulsion technology. A redesign of the electric and electronic architecture provides in many aspects additional potential for reaching these goals. At the same time, standardization within a broad range of features, components and systems is a key enabling factor for a successful market entry of the electric vehicle (EV). It would lower production cost, increase interoperability and compatibilities, and sustain market penetration. Hence, novel architectures and testing concepts and standardization approaches for the EV have been the topic of an expert workshop of the European Green Vehicles Initiative PPP. This book contains the contributions of current European research projects on EV architecture and an expert view on the status of EV standardization. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field.
Book Synopsis Electrical Vehicles by : Carlos M. Costa
Download or read book Electrical Vehicles written by Carlos M. Costa and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy and environmental issue are among the most relevant challenges to be solved in the near future. Electrical vehicles (EV) will play a key role in the solution by positively contributing to these two issues. Further, they represent an important contribution to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases emissions. To achieve that it is still needed to increase their autonomy through improved lithium-ion batteries.The EV market grew in last years in more than 2 million vehicles worldwide, with vehicles with an autonomy between 200 km and 500 km. Base on this growing market and in comparison with the internal combustion vehicles (ICE), a relevant questions arise: to what extent are EVs eco-friendly and cost effective in comparison with ICE vehicles?This work presents a comparative study of EV from different European countries, with special focus on the economic and ecological impact.It is shown that in the European Countries, the economical payback time is achieved in an average of 10 years, ranging from 1 (France) to 24 years (Germany). The environmental benefit is reached in relatively low time (~3-4 years), being more evenly distributed when compared to the economical payback.It is concluded that it is necessary to reduce the price of the electric vehicles to make them more competitive in the automotive market. Further, it is important to combine both economic and environmental benefits by adopting policies within the European Union to reach a more uniform reality among the different countries, with more levelled prices and revenues (incentives, fees and taxes).
Book Synopsis Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management by : Matthias Finkbeiner
Download or read book Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management written by Matthias Finkbeiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-23 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a selection of the most relevant contributions to the LCM 2011 conference in Berlin. The material explores scientific and practical solutions to incorporating life cycle approaches into strategic and operational decision making. There are several sections addressing methodological topics such as LCSM approaches, methods and tools, while more application-oriented sections deal with the implementation of these approaches in relevant industrial sectors including agriculture and food, packaging, energy, electronics and ICT, and mobility.
Book Synopsis Transport and Climate Change by : Tim Ryley
Download or read book Transport and Climate Change written by Tim Ryley and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topical volume covers the intersection between transport and climate change, with papers from the 'Transport & Climate Change' session of the RGS-IBG conference in London, September 2010. It considers the role of transport modes at varying spatial dimensions and a range of perspectives on the relationship between transport and climate change.
Book Synopsis Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science by : Alevtina Smirnova
Download or read book Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science written by Alevtina Smirnova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Solid-State Energy Storage - A Path to Environmental Sustainability offers an in-depth analysis of the synthesis methods, manufacturing techniques and underlying mechanisms of ionic and electronic-ion transport in various single phase and multi-phase components for electric power storage, such as lithium and sodium ion batteries, sulfur batteries, and lithium-metal electrochemical systems. Though solid-state batteries are not yet available on the market, many large corporations and small companies pursue the goal of implementing this technology for numerous applications and its transfer to other markets. - Includes information regarding solid-state energy storage technology as key to a green and sustainable environment - Describes recent advances in the areas of solid-state ionics, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, and sustainable energy - Introduces materials synthesis approaches, including chemicals in aqueous and organic solutions, mechanical ball-milling, and physical approaches, including ink-jet and physical vapor deposition - Provides electrochemical data and in-situ-operando approaches for the evaluation of solid-state battery performance
