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Analysis Of Novel Techniques Of Drag Reduction And Stability Increase For Sport Utility Vehicles Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
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Book Synopsis Analysis of Novel Techniques of Drag Reduction and Stability Increase for Sport Utility Vehicles Using Computational Fluid Dynamics by : Ahmed Ali Shakir Al-Saadi
Download or read book Analysis of Novel Techniques of Drag Reduction and Stability Increase for Sport Utility Vehicles Using Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Ahmed Ali Shakir Al-Saadi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives by : Feng-Chen Li
Download or read book Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives written by Feng-Chen Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-10 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulent drag reduction by additives has long been a hot research topic. This phenomenon is inherently associated with multifold expertise. Solutions of drag-reducing additives are usually viscoelastic fluids having complicated rheological properties. Exploring the characteristics of drag-reduced turbulent flows calls for uniquely designed experimental and numerical simulation techniques and elaborate theoretical considerations. Pertinently understanding the turbulent drag reduction mechanism necessities mastering the fundamentals of turbulence and establishing a proper relationship between turbulence and the rheological properties induced by additives. Promoting the applications of the drag reduction phenomenon requires the knowledge from different fields such as chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, municipal engineering, and so on. This book gives a thorough elucidation of the turbulence characteristics and rheological behaviors, theories, special techniques and application issues for drag-reducing flows by surfactant additives based on the state-of-the-art of scientific research results through the latest experimental studies, numerical simulations and theoretical analyses. Covers turbulent drag reduction, heat transfer reduction, complex rheology and the real-world applications of drag reduction Introduces advanced testing techniques, such as PIV, LDA, and their applications in current experiments, illustrated with multiple diagrams and equations Real-world examples of the topic’s increasingly important industrial applications enable readers to implement cost- and energy-saving measures Explains the tools before presenting the research results, to give readers coverage of the subject from both theoretical and experimental viewpoints Consolidates interdisciplinary information on turbulent drag reduction by additives Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfactant Additives is geared for researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the fields of Fluid Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering, Turbulence, Chemical Engineering, Municipal Engineering. Researchers and practitioners involved in the fields of Flow Control, Chemistry, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Experimental Fluid Dynamics, and Rheology will also find this book to be a much-needed reference on the topic.
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction of Sport Utility Vehicle Using Vortex Generators by : Yuri Antonio Sevilla
Download or read book Drag Reduction of Sport Utility Vehicle Using Vortex Generators written by Yuri Antonio Sevilla and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Road vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks and SUVs are categorized as bluff bodies. As a vehicle moves forward, the motion of the air around it produces pressure gradients, which vary across the entire body surface. This in turn helps to develop a turbulent wake region behind it, which works against the vehicle's forward motion. As a result, the engine has to work harder, thus increasing fuel consumption. The purpose of this thesis is to present development, design and optimization of drag reducing devices for SUVs by examining the SUVs aerodymanic properties. Simulations using commercial software such as Solidworks, Ansys Workbench, Design Modeler, Mesh Editor and Fluent were performed to study the aerodynamic behavior behind the SUV. The Ahmed Reference Model (ARM) was selected as a benchmark test. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for three SUV models were performed and their performance was analyzed to determine which design yields the best drag reduction results. The three CFD models consist of one basic SUV model without any drag reducing devices. The second one uses a bump-shaped vortex generator (VG) design and the third one uses a delta wing VG design. Out of the two VG designs, it was determined that the bump-shaped design yielded the best drag reduction results for the SUV model. The next step was to experiment with the VG height to determine the optimum height for the SUV model. Results demonstrate that a bump-shaped VG with a height of 25 mm yields the lowest CD.
Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of an Active Underbody Aerodynamic Device for Tractor Trailers by : Mohamed Ibrahim
Download or read book Design and Analysis of an Active Underbody Aerodynamic Device for Tractor Trailers written by Mohamed Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At highway speeds, up to 65 % of the total energy used by large trucks is for overcoming aerodynamic drag. The underbody region of a tractor-trailer is responsible for up to 30 % of the aerodynamic drag on tractor-trailers, which is the highest drag created by any region on the vehicle. In this study, a novel concept of an active underbody drag reduction device is developed and investigated. The device was evaluated and optimized using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. It successfully decreased the drag coefficient of the tractor-trailer model by 4.1 %. Additionally, the device eliminated the underbody recirculation region and reduced the negative adverse pressure in the wake. A novel mechanism is also developed to allow for the active deployment of the device to mitigate some operational issues such as roadway protrusions, parasitic drag at low speeds, snow and dirt accumulation.
Book Synopsis Theory and Applications of Aerodynamics for Ground Vehicles by : T Yomi Obidi
Download or read book Theory and Applications of Aerodynamics for Ground Vehicles written by T Yomi Obidi and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2014-03-20 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to ground vehicle aerodynamics and methodically guides the reader through the various aspects of the subject. Those needing specific information or a refresher can easily jump to the material of interest. There is a particular emphasis on various vehicle types (passenger cars, trucks, trains, motorcycles, race cars, etc.). However, the book is focused on cars and trucks, which are the most common vehicles in the speed range in which the study of ground vehicle aerodynamics is beneficial. Readers will gain a fundamental understanding of the topic, which will help them design vehicles that have improved aerodynamics; this will lead to better fuel efficiency, improved performance, and increased passenger comfort. The author’s basic approach to the presentation of the material is complemented with review questions, application questions, exercises, and suggested projects at the end of most of the chapters, which helps the reader apply the information presented, either in the classroom or for self-study. Aside from offering a solid understanding of ground vehicle aerodynamics, the book also offers more thorough study of several key topics. One such topic is car-truck interaction, when one vehicle (usually the smaller one) is overtaking the other. There is a direct and instant benefit in terms of safety on the highway from understanding the forces at play when one vehicle passes the other in the same direction and sense. Chapters examine: • Drag • Noise and vehicle soiling • Wind tunnels and road/track testing • Numerical methods • Vehicle stability and control • Vehicle sectional design • Large vehicles: trucks, trailers, buses, trains • Severe service and off-road vehicles • Race cars and convertibles • Motorcycles • Concept vehicles
Book Synopsis Modal Analysis and Flow Control for Drag Reduction on a Sport Utility Vehicle by : Stéphie Edwige
Download or read book Modal Analysis and Flow Control for Drag Reduction on a Sport Utility Vehicle written by Stéphie Edwige and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The automotive industry dedicates a lot of effort to improve the aerodynamical performances of road vehicles in order to reduce its carbon footprint. In this context, the target of the present work is to analyze the origin of aerodynamic losses on a reduced scale generic Sport Utility Vehicle and to achieve a drag reduction using an active flow control strategy. After an experimental characterization of the flow past the POSUV, a cross-modal DMD analysis is used to identify the correlated periodical features responsible for the tailgate pressure loss. Thanks to a genetic algorithm procedure, 20% gain on the tailgate pressure is obtained with optimal pulsed blowing jets on the rear bumper. The same cross-modal methodology allows to improve our understanding of the actuation mechanism. After a preliminary study of the 25° inclined ramp and of the Ahmed Body computations, the numerical simulation of the POSUV is corroborated with experiments using the cross-modal method. Deeper investigations on the three-dimensional flow characteristics explain more accurately the wake flow behavior. Finally, the controlled flow simulations propose additional insights on the actuation mechanisms allowing to reduce the aerodynamic losses.
Book Synopsis Aerodynamic Drag Mechanisms of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehicles by : Gino Sovran
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag Mechanisms of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehicles written by Gino Sovran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings contain the papers and oral discussions presented at the Symposium on AERODYNAMIC DRAG MECHANISMS of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehides held at the General Motors Research Laboratories in Warren, Michigan, on September 27 and 28, 1976. This international, invitational Symposium was the twentieth in an annual series, each one having been in a different technical discipline. The Symposia provide a forum for areas of science and technology that are of timely interest to the Research Laboratories as weIl as the technical community at large, and in which personnel of the Laboratories are actively involved. The Symposia furnish an opportunity for the exchange of ideas and current knowledge between participating research specialists from educational, industrial arid governmental institutions and serve to stimulate future research activity. The present world-wide energy situation makes it highly desirable to reduce the force required to move road vehicles through the atmosphere. A significant amount of the total energy consumed for transportation is expended in overcoming the aerodynamic resistance to motion of these vehicles. Reductions in this aerodynamic drag can therefore have a large impact on ground transportation energy requirements. Although aerodynamic development work on road vehides has been performed for many years, it has not been widely reported or accompanied by much basic research.
Book Synopsis Experiments and Computer Simulations on Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of Light Vehicle-trailer Systems by : Henry R. Boyer
Download or read book Experiments and Computer Simulations on Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of Light Vehicle-trailer Systems written by Henry R. Boyer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind-tunnel experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were performed to study the effect a deflector had on the flow and drag force associated with a 2010 F-150 truck and cargo trailer (Light Vehicle-Trailer System - LVTS). Image Correlation Velocimetry (ICV) on smokewire streaklines measured the velocity field on the model mid-plane. CFD was used to elucidate the flow, calculate the drag force, and study the effects of a moving ground-plane and blockage. The drag was reduced by approximately 13% at a Re of 14,900 with a moving ground-plane, and 17% without. Experiments suggested that the large difference in Re between wind-tunnel and the full-scale 5 million is not expected to significantly diminish the full-scale relevance of the drag results. One low Re effect was the presence of a separation bubble on the hood of the tow vehicle whose size reduced with an increase in Re. Three other characteristic flow patterns were identified: separation off the lead vehicle cab, stagnation of the free-stream on the trailer face for the no-deflector case, and subsequent separation at the trailer front corner. Comparisons of the ICV and CFD results with no deflector indicated good agreement, particularly in the direction of the velocity vectors. The ICV method under-evaluated the speed of the flow by up to 15%. The smoke streaklines and CFD streamlines agreed well for the no deflector case. However, for the deflector case, the CFD found an entirely different topological solution absent in the experiment. A pair of vertically-oriented vortices were found, wrapped around the front of the trailer on the mid-plane.
Book Synopsis Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Technologies by : Peter Thiede
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Technologies written by Peter Thiede and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ------------------------------------------------------------ This volume contains the Proceedings of the CEAS/DragNet European Drag Reduction Conference held on 19-21 June 2000 in Potsdam, Germany. This conference, succeeding the European Fora on Laminar Flow Technology 1992 and 1996, was initiated by the European Drag Reduction Network (DragNet) and organised by DGLR under the auspice of CEAS. The conference addressed the recent advances in all areas of drag reduction research, development, validation and demonstration including laminar flow technology, adaptive wing concepts, turbulent and induced drag reduction, separation control and supersonic flow aspects. This volume which comprises more than 40 conference papers is of particular interest to engineers, scientists and students working in the aeronautics industry, research establishments or academia.
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction in Fluid Flows by : Robert H. J. Sellin
Download or read book Drag Reduction in Fluid Flows written by Robert H. J. Sellin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Viscous Drag Reduction by : C. Sinclair Wells
Download or read book Viscous Drag Reduction written by C. Sinclair Wells and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles III by : Andreas Dillmann
Download or read book The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles III written by Andreas Dillmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers presented at the International conference “The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles III: Trucks, Buses and Trains” held in Potsdam, Germany, September 12-17, 2010 by Engineering Conferences International (ECI). Leading scientists and engineers from industry, universities and research laboratories, including truck and high-speed train manufacturers and operators were brought together to discuss computer simulation and experimental techniques to be applied for the design of more efficient trucks, buses and high-speed trains in the future. This conference was the third in the series after Monterey-Pacific Groove in 2002 and Lake Tahoe in 2007.The presentations address different aspects of train aerodynamics (cross wind effects, underbody flow, tunnel aerodynamics and aeroacoustics, experimental techniques), truck aerodynamics (drag reduction, flow control, experimental and computational techniques) as well as computational fluid dynamics and bluff body, wake and jet flows.
Book Synopsis Aerodynamic Design of Active Flow Control Systems Aimed Towards Drag Reduction in Heavy Vehicles by : David E. Manosalvas-Kjono
Download or read book Aerodynamic Design of Active Flow Control Systems Aimed Towards Drag Reduction in Heavy Vehicles written by David E. Manosalvas-Kjono and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trucking industry is an irreplaceable sector of our economy. Over 80% of the world population relies on it for the transportation of commercial and consumer goods. In the US alone, this industry is responsible for over 38% of fuel consumption as it distributes over 70% of our freight tonnage. In the design of these vehicles, particular emphasis has been placed on equipping them with a strong engine, a relatively comfortable cabin, a spacious trailer, and a flat back to improve loading efficiency. The geometrical design of these vehicles makes them prone to flow separation and at highway speeds overcoming aerodynamic drag accounts for over 65% of their energy consumption. The flat back on the trailer causes flow to separate, which generates a turbulent wake. This region is responsible for a significant portion of the aerodynamic drag and currently the most popular solution is the introduction of flat plates attached to the back of the trailer to push the wake downstream. These passive devices improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, but leave opportunities for significant improvement that can only be achieved with active systems. The current procedure to analyze the flow past heavy vehicles and design add-on drag reduction devices focuses on the use of wind tunnels and full-scale tests. This approach is very time consuming and incredibly expensive, as it requires the manufacturing of multiple models and the use of highly specialized facilities. This Dissertation presents a computational approach to designing Active Flow Control (AFC) systems to reduce drag and energy consumption for the trucking industry. First, the numerical tools were selected by studying the capabilities of various numerical schemes and turbulence model combinations using canonical bluff bodies. After various numerical studies and comparisons with experimental results, the Jameson-Schmidt-Turkel (JST) scheme in combination with the Shear-Stress-Transport (SST) turbulence model were chosen. This combination of tools was used to study the effect of AFC in the Ground Transportation System (GTS) model, which is a simplified representation of a tractor-trailer introduced by the US Department of Energy to study the separation behind this type of vehicle and the drag it induces. Using the top-view of the GTS model as a two-dimensional representation of a heavy vehicle, the effect that the Coanda jet-based AFC system has on the wake and integrated forces have been studied. These two-dimensional studies drove the development of the design methodology presented, and produced the starting condition for the three-dimensional Coanda surface geometry and the jet velocity profile. In addition, the influence in wake stability that this system demonstrated when operating near its optimum drag configuration, allowed for the decoupling of time from the three-dimensional design process. A design methodology that minimizes the number of required function evaluations was developed by leveraging insights obtained from previous studies; using the physical changes in the flow induced by the AFC system to eliminate the need for time integration during the design process; and leveraging surrogate model optimization techniques . This approach significantly reduces the computational cost during the design of AFC drag reduction systems and has led to the design of a system that reduces drag by over 19% and power by over 16%. In the US trucking fleet alone, these energy savings constitute 8.6 billion gallons of fuel that will not be burned and over 75 million tons of CO2 that will not be released into the atmosphere each year.
Book Synopsis Turbulence Control by Passive Means by : E. Coustols
Download or read book Turbulence Control by Passive Means written by E. Coustols and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 4th European Drag Reduction Meeting
Book Synopsis Drag Reduction Studies and CFD Analysis on Passenger Car Model by : Chee Hong Lim
Download or read book Drag Reduction Studies and CFD Analysis on Passenger Car Model written by Chee Hong Lim and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerodynamic Drag of Heavy Vehicles (Class 7-8): Simulation and Benchmarking by :
Download or read book Aerodynamic Drag of Heavy Vehicles (Class 7-8): Simulation and Benchmarking written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes research and development for reducing the aerodynamic drag of heavy vehicles by demonstrating new approaches for the numerical simulation and analysis of aerodynamic flow. Experimental validation of new computational fluid dynamics methods are also an important part of this approach. Experiments on a model of an integrated tractor-trailer are underway at NASA Ames Research Center and the University of Southern California (USC). Companion computer simulations are being performed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and California Institute of Technology (Caltech) using state-of-the-art techniques.
Book Synopsis A Numerical Study of Novel Drag Reduction Techniques for Blunt Bodies in Hypersonic Flows by : Christopher David Marley
Download or read book A Numerical Study of Novel Drag Reduction Techniques for Blunt Bodies in Hypersonic Flows written by Christopher David Marley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Numerical simulations of a full three-dimensional hemispherical body in hypersonic flow are conducted and innovative techniques involving forward injection of gas from the stagnation point of the sphere are investigated; techniques include annular (ring) and swirled injection both with and without upstream energy deposition. Objectives of the analysis are the assessment of 1) drag reductions achieved on the blunt body (including the detrimental drag effect caused by the forward-facing injection itself) and 2) stability characteristics of the jet. Studies are conducted at free-stream Mach numbers of 10 and 6.5 at standard atmospheric conditions corresponding to 30 km altitude. While centered forward injection without upstream energy deposition is confirmed to be highly unstable either with or without swirl, annular ring injection exhibits a stabilizing influence on the jet. Energy deposition upstream of the body is shown to significantly enhance stability and penetration of the forward injection jet for all techniques"--Abstract, p. iii
