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Author : Scott James Tschaekofske
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in Beverages written by Scott James Tschaekofske and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : JE. Meyers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in Spiked Water and Beverage Samples Using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) on Fiber Derivatization/Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) written by JE. Meyers and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a CNS depressant that has been abused recreationally for its purported euphoric and relaxation effects and for the purposes of drug facilitated sexual assault due to its sedative and amnesic effects at higher doses. The dramatic increase in the abuse of GHB and association in criminal investigations over the past decade has created the need for forensic laboratories to develop analytical methods to detect GHB in a variety of matrices. The method developed in this work used solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to extract GHB from aqueous samples followed by on-fiber derivatization and analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) This method detected GHB in aqueous matrices with good sensitivity, high precision, excellent linearity from 0.01 mg/mL to 0.25 mg/mL, and without the need for sample manipulation that could cause interconversion between GHB and its lactone, GBL. The method was successfully applied for detection of GHB in spiked water and beverage samples.
Author : Isaac Eaquinto
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321211146
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (111 download)
Download or read book The Detection of Sodium-gamma-hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Residue in Different PH Drinks written by Isaac Eaquinto and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the late 1990s, the use of gamma hydroxybutyric acid in drinks to facilitate sexual assault has increased dramatically in high-risk social settings, such as college parties and night clubs. In this work, I examined the effect pH has on the qualitative analysis of gamma hydroxybutyrate residue in plastic cups, using Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance. I dissolved sodium-gamma-hydroxybutyrate in whiskey drinks with varying pH levels in plastic non-polar cups commonly found at parties where drug-facilitated sexual assault occurs and then poured the drinks out in 5-minute intervals over a period of 20 minutes. I took samples as soon as the cup was empty as well as 48 hours after the residual fluid dried. I used orange juice, pH~2.7, and pineapple juice, pH~3.5, to represent different ends of the pH scale of common mixers found at bars, selecting these juices because their citrus flavor is reportedly used to mask the salty taste of gamma hydroxybutyrate. I positively identified gamma hydroxybutyrate in dosed samples by the presence of absorption bands at 1555 cm−1 and 1449 cm−1, representing the symmetric and asymmetric carboxylate stretching in the gamma hydroxybutyrate molecule; these absorption bands were missing in all negative control samples. With this detection method, law enforcement will have another method for determining whether gamma hydroxybutyrate was used in sexual assault.
Download or read book The Detection and Quantification of Naturally Occurring Levels of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Beverages and Food Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ward Dean
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780962741869
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (418 download)
Download or read book GHB written by Ward Dean and published by . This book was released on 1998-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: hat is nonaddictive and proven safe, yet FDA and media hype have prevented the public from reaping its benefits. GHB has been shown to improve sleep, encourage weight loss and muscle strength, enhance mood, improve sex, and possibly prolong life. In this book, the authors set the record straight, explaining the proven benefits GHB. Photos & illustrations.
Author : S. Hennessy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book The Reactivity of Gamma-hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) and Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in Alcoholic Solutions written by S. Hennessy and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work the stability of GBL (gamma-butyrolactone) and GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) in alcoholic media was studied. Under acidic conditions the GBL will react with ethanol or methanol to give the corresponding ethyl and methyl esters of GHB. It can be seen that ester formation is dependent on the type of alcohol, the alcohol content of the solution, and the pH of the solution. Under the same conditions it was shown that GHB does not give rise directly to the corresponding ester when merely in the presence of an alcohol; however the ester will be formed if the conditions are present for conversion of GHB to GBL followed by subsequent reaction with alcohol. In alcoholic beverage samples spiked with GBL the expected conversion to GHB occurred, and the formation of the ethyl ester of GHB was also seen in some samples. Wine samples were analyzed for the presence of the ethyl ester of GHB, and the effect of adding GHB/GBL to hot beverages was studied.
Author : Esmeraldo Norman Gorecho (III)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267023575
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (235 download)
Download or read book Qualitative Analysis of Sodium Gamma-hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Residue from Plastic and Glass Containers Using FT-IR ATR written by Esmeraldo Norman Gorecho (III) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Fourier transform-infrared attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR ATR) spectroscopy was used to detect and qualitatively analyze gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) residue from plastic and glass cups. Varying amounts of the sodium salt of GHB mixed with water in plastic and glass cups were used. The residues from the cups were collected using cotton swabs and analyzed using FT-IR ATR. The study provides insight on the criteria for an analyst to determine the presence of GHB in a cup using the FT-IR ATR technique as a presumptive test by using a 1550 cm-1 asymmetric carboxylate band as an indicator for NaGHB. The FT-IR ATR method used was also able to detect GHB in a model whiskey drink and discriminate from NaGHB from GBL residue. The FT-IR ATR technique offers several advantages of avoiding sample preparation, shortening analysis time, and being a non-destructive method compared to traditional techniques used for GHB analysis.
Author : Laura A. Tramontin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (544 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in Urine and Blood Using GC-FID Headspace and GC-MS written by Laura A. Tramontin and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pascal Kintz
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124169694
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)
Download or read book Toxicological Aspects of Drug-Facilitated Crimes written by Pascal Kintz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-03-22 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicological Aspects of Drug-Facilitated Crimes provides readers with an overview of the field of DFC: its history, toxicological effects, analysis, interpretation of results, the roles that age, gender and race may play, and clinical presentations of these drugs. The most commonly used drugs in DFC are addressed (alcohol, cannabis, MDMA, and cocaine), as well as an emerging range of pharmaceuticals (benzodiazepines, hypnotics, sedatives, neuroleptics, histamine H1-antagonists, or anesthetics), which are becoming more widely used, but are more difficult to detect. Edited by a world-renowned expert in the field of Forensic and Analytical Toxicology, Pascal Kintz, this book investigates toxicants of emerging concern and brings together a number of experts in the field to address the most recent discoveries on DFC toxicology. Brings together the latest research on the toxicological analysis of drug-facilitated crimes (DFC), with real-life case studies Provides up-to-date analytical techniques for determining toxicity levels in blood, urine, and hair Covers all types of toxicants involved in DFC, including alcohol, cannabis, MDMA, and a wide variety of pharmaceuticals
Author : Goutam Brahmachari
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128096926
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Discovery and Development of Antidiabetic Agents from Natural Products written by Goutam Brahmachari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovery and Development of Antidiabetic Agents from Natural Products brings together global research on the medicinal chemistry of active agents from natural sources for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and associated disorders. From the identification of promising leads, to the extraction and synthesis of bioactive molecules, this book explores a range of important topics to support chemists in the discovery and development of safer, more economical therapeutics that are desperately needed in response to this emerging global epidemic. Beginning with an overview of bioactive chemical compounds from plants with anti-diabetic properties, the book goes on to outline the identification and extraction of anti-diabetic agents and antioxidants from natural sources. It then explores anti-diabetic plants from specific regions before looking more closely at the background, isolation, and synthesis of key therapeutic compounds and their derivatives, including Mangiferin, Resveratrol, natural saponins, and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors. The book concludes with a consideration of current and potential future applications. Combining the expertise of specialists from around the world, this volume aims to support and encourage medicinal chemists investigating natural sources as starting points for the development of standardized, safe, and effective antidiabetic therapeutics. Contains chapters written by active researchers and leading global experts who are deeply engaged in the research field of natural product chemistry for drug discovery Provides comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research advances in the design of medicinal natural products with potential as preventives and therapeutics for diabetes and related metabolic issues Presents a practical review of the identification, isolation, and extraction techniques that help support medicinal chemists in the lab
Author : European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Report on the Risk Assessment of Ketamine in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs written by European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on the risk assessment of ketamine in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs.
Author : Amitava Dasgupta
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012809334X
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory written by Amitava Dasgupta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory provides an overview and quick reference to genetic relationships and clinical laboratory information related to the serious public health issue of alcohol and drug abuse. Written in a clear and concise manner, this book discusses the necessary information for health and safety professionals working in public health to learn about complex issues quickly to better help their patients, employees, and others affected by alcohol and drug abuse. Alcohol, Drugs, Genes and the Clinical Laboratory covers the important aspects of drugs and alcohol abuse including genetic aspects along with laboratory methods for analysis of alcohol and abused drugs with emphasis on false positive test results. The book is helpful to healthcare professionals, such as pathologists who oversee alcohol and drug testing, emergency room physicians, family practice physicians who are first healthcare professionals who identify patients susceptible to drug and alcohol abuse, and psychiatrists involved with drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs. It will also be useful to safety professionals who have to assess individuals for workplace responsibilities, ranging from police and recruitment to occupational safety and occupational medicine and public health officials. Features accessible language for healthcare and safety professionals who are not experts in laboratory procedures Provides examples from clinical and everyday situations Explains how to interpret laboratory results and the latest genetic factors regarding drug and alcohol abuse
Author : Alan David Brailsford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 658 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (743 download)
Download or read book A Novel Approach to Prove the Administration of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate by Application of Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry written by Alan David Brailsford and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is often implicated in cases of drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA), along with the closely related compound gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), which is metabolised to GHB following ingestion. Analysis of urine collected from a large cohort of 1157 women, using a simple GC-MS approach gave a mean value of 0.8 mg/L (0.0 -5.5 mg/L), the data supporting the suggested concentration threshold of 10 mg/L as appropriate, but this threshold nevertheless results in limited retrospective detection (8 - 12 h). A novel analytical approach to detecting administered GHB was thus developed, based on the determination of the carbon isotope ratio (13C/12C) of GHB eliminated in urine. The hypothesis was that exogenous sources of GHB would have a carbon isotope ratio significantly different to that produced endogenously, and thus would perturb the isotope ratio of the total GHB eliminated sufficiently to permit detection of administration, even when the urinary GHB concentration had decreased to
Author : Simona Pichini
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889459721
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book The Challenge Posed by New Synthetic Opioids: Pharmacology and Toxicology written by Simona Pichini and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-19 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Synthetic Opioids (NSOs), most of which are illegally produced and sold for recreational use, are posing a serious threat to the health of consumers. Due to the low cost of materials and equipment required for clandestine laboratories production with respect to the production cost of heroin, NSOs are climbing the illegal street and web drug market. Several of these drugs have been involved in a recent rise in acute intoxications and overdose deaths. Since NSOs offer enormous profit potential, and there is strong demand for their use, these drugs are being trafficked by organized crime and present major challenges for medical professionals facing intoxications and fatalities, law enforcement agencies fighting against their diffusion and policymakers trying to restrain the use and abuse of NSOs. This Research Topic aimed to fill the gap on current knowledge on pharmacology and toxicology, health risks for adult and newborns of NSOs covering both basic scientific as well as epidemiological and clinical aspects. 3 reviews, 3 mini-reviews, 1 original article, 2 case reports and 1 opinion are here presented.
Author : Helen M. Pettinati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book The COMBINE Study written by Helen M. Pettinati and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marc A. LeBeau
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080504760
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault written by Marc A. LeBeau and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-08-28 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault educates readers on the ways in which drugs are used as weapons in committing sexual assaults and how to successfully investigate these crimes. It looks at the history of these crimes over the years, and includes an in-depth discussion of the drugs and drug classes in use today. It describes the effects of these drugs on the victims, the process for reporting these crimes, details on the type of person who uses drugs to sexually assault an individual, and obstacles to investigating the suspect. The authors show the proper techniques in collecting and analyzing evidence; ways to overcome some of the unique difficulties encountered in these types of investigations; and how to work with other professionals to prosecute these cases successfully. The concluding appendixes are valuable samples of the necessary forms needed to complete these investigations. This book is ideal for anyone involved in investigating these crimes, including forensic scientists, law enforcement officers, lawyers, toxicologists, and medical professionals. * Ideal for everyone involved in the investigation of these crimes, including forensic scientists, police officers, lawyers, toxicologists and medical professionals
Author : David Nutt
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199685703
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)
Download or read book Addiction written by David Nutt and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference for psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, trainees, and specialist nurses, as well as primary care physicians/GPs with a special interest in mental health conditions and other healthcare professionals.
