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Author : Min Zhou (M.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (311 download)
Download or read book Analysis and Simulation of Blood Flow Through a Mechanical Heart Valve written by Min Zhou (M.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alireza Nejadmalayeri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (259 download)
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Pulsatile Blood Flow Across a Tilting-disk Mechanical Heart Valve written by Alireza Nejadmalayeri and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To overcome several clinical challenges involving mechanical heart valves, accurate numerical simulation of blood flow through these devices has been of interest. Since heart disease is the leading cause of death around the world, the hemodynamic study of the heart is of extraordinary interest in the field of bio fluid dynamics. Recent numerical/experimental investigations have shown that mechanical heart valves inherit the "production of sufficiently large shear and turbulent stresses to cause clinical problems such as hemolysis." Due to several parameters including the non-Newtonian behavior of blood, pulsatile waveform, strong blood and tissue interactions, clinical difficulties, etc., experimental examination of blood flow in the heart and its valves is a very difficult task. Therefore, comprehensive numerical analysis of this complex fluid-structure system is essential. However, precise experimental investigations are still imperative for developing appropriate and accurate turbulence models and for validating numerical techniques.In the current computational effort, the first set of objectives was numerical investigations of vortex shedding behind a two-dimensional tilting-disk mechanical heart valve in a straight channel, which is a simplified representation of the mitral position, using first- and several higher-order finite volume schemes as well as examination of the non-Newtonian viscosity effects on shedding frequency and amplitude.
Author : Mohammad Iskandar Othman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Blood Flow in 3d Heart Valve Model Under Steady State Condition written by Mohammad Iskandar Othman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitral valve (MV) and Aortic valve (AV) are very important in circulatory blood inside the heart which function as a gate for the blood flow. Since the heart valves not working properly, the normal flow of blood inside the heart will be interrupeted. Malfunctioning Mitral Valve and Aortic Valve will cause death if it not immediately detected. The aims of this study are to investigate the blood flow pattern for MV and AV in 3D view which developed by ADINA-FSI application. All the parameter of blood obtained from the previous studies. Both of valve models have been implemented without ventricles and presented as a Newtonian fluid flow in steady condition. The simulation from this study will cover the blood flow pattern in term of velocity, effective stress on the leaflets, strain occurred in the critical area of both heart valves and the nodal pressure pattern flow during the systolic process phase. Moreover, these studies enable to investigate performance characteristics such as effective stress and strain which are very difficult to evaluate experimentally. The findings showed, the velocity and nodal pressure are linear correlation with the blood pressure increased during systole process. Effective stress and strain results showed the critical area region and maximum values with fix Young Modulus 2MPa. The significant simulation results from this study were very useful to give a clear view to the medical practitioners about the pattern of blood flow through MV and AV. Furthermore, these models can be used to investigate heart valve failure and subsequent surgical repair treatment.
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Author : Masroor Mansoor Chaudhri
Publisher : Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
ISBN 13 : 9780612954861
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (548 download)
Download or read book Modelling of Blood Flow Through Mechanical Heart Valves Using Large Eddy Simulation [microform] written by Masroor Mansoor Chaudhri and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A majority of heart valve replacement procedures use bi-leaflet mechanical heart valves (MHV). Although these valves function adequately, they require constant anticoagulant therapy to prevent thrombus (clot) formation. Thrombus formation is primarily due to platelet activation, which is caused by nonphysiological flow conditions through MHVs. Blood flow in MHVs can be turbulent, and thus there is a need to better understand both laminar and turbulent flow through MHVs. In this work, a code for the solution of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations has been extended to include the Streamline Upwind/Petrov Galerkin (SUPG) method and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for modelling turbulent flows using the constant co-efficient Smagorinsky model. Different numerical tests have been performed to evaluate the validity of the numerical code. Results from the unsteady turbulent simulation agree qualitatively with computational and experimental studies, indicating that turbulence affects the flow field in the vicinity of the heart valve and should be addressed when modelling blood flow in MHVs.
Author : D.H. Bergel
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323152694
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics written by D.H. Bergel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics, Volume 1 explores some problems and concepts of mammalian cardiovascular function, with emphasis on experimental studies and methods. It considers pressure measurement in experimental physiology, including the measurements of pulsatile flow, flow velocity, lengths, and dimensions; the use of control theory and systems analysis in cardiovascular dynamics; the application of computer models in cardiovascular research; the meaning and measurement of myocardial contractility; and the consequences of the steady-state analysis of arterial function. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mammalian cardiovascular system and the essential features of cardiovascular function. It then discusses the practical problems associated with the use of pressure transducers in physiological and cardiac laboratories, the challenges involved in pulsatile flow measurement using flowmeters and thermal devices, and the mechanical analysis of the circulatory system. It explains some computer modeling techniques used in investigating the hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system, including the heart and heart muscle; basic concepts of muscle mechanics and the mechanical properties of cardiac muscle; the fluid mechanics of heart valves; and the pressure and flow in large arteries. The book concludes with a chapter on vascular resistance and vascular input impedance. This book is intended for biologists, physical scientists, and others interested in cardiovascular physiology.
Author : S. Sideman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400949928
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Simulation and Imaging of the Cardiac System written by S. Sideman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultrasound velocity tomography allows measurement of cardiac geometries for various phases in the cardiac cycle. The present tomograph makes reconstruc tions at intervals of 20 ms. Because of a lack of clear (intramural) landmarks (except the roots of the papillairy muscle), it is difficult to pinpoint spatial trajectories of particular points in the heart. Therefore, a second method was developed of injecting radiopaque markers in the heart and following their motion patterns during the cardiac cycle with help of a biplane X-ray equipment. The data obtained with both methods can be implemented in our finite element model of the heart to compute intramural stresses and strains. The results obtained sofar with the extended Darcy equation to account for the interaction of blood rheology and tissue mechanics look promising. Further testing with more sophisticated subjects than mentioned in Figure 9 is required before it will be implemented in our finite element model of the heart. We conclude that analysis of regional cardiac function, including regional myocardial blood flow, requires still a major research effort but the results obtained sofar justify, to our opinion, a continuation in this direction. Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge Dr. C. Borst and coworkers for doing the animal experiments and prof. Van Campen and dr. Grootenboer for their participation is some aspects of this work.
Author : Mohammad Iskandar Othman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783659229312
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (293 download)
Download or read book Computational Analysis of Blood Flow Via Mitral Valve and Aortic Valve written by Mohammad Iskandar Othman and published by . This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michel R. Labrosse
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315280280
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (152 download)
Download or read book Cardiovascular Mechanics written by Michel R. Labrosse and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to illustrate in specific detail how cardiovascular mechanics stands as a common pillar supporting such different clinical successes as drugs for high blood pressure, prosthetic heart valves and coronary artery bypass grafting, among others. This information is conveyed through a comprehensive treatment of the overarching principles and theories that are behind mechanobiological processes, aortic and arterial mechanics, atherosclerosis, blood and microcirculation, hear valve mechanics, as well as medical devices and drugs. Examines all major theoretical and practical aspects of mechanical forces related to the cardiovascular system. Discusses a unique coverage of mechanical changes related to an aging cardiovascular system. Provides an overview of experimental methods in cardiovascular mechanics. Written by world-class researchers from Canada, the US and EU. Extensive references are provided at the end of each chapter to enhance further study. Michel R. Labrosse is the founder of the Cardiovascular Mechanics Laboratory at the University of Ottawa, where he is a full professor within the Department of Mechanical Engineering. He has been an active researcher in academia along with being heavily associated with the University of Ottawa Heart Institute. He has authored or co-authored over 90 refereed communications, and supervised or co-supervised over 40 graduate students and post-docs.
Author : Arash Kheradvar
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128146621
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Principles of Heart Valve Engineering written by Arash Kheradvar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Heart Valve Engineering is the first comprehensive resource for heart valve engineering that covers a wide range of topics, including biology, epidemiology, imaging and cardiovascular medicine. It focuses on valves, therapies, and how to develop safer and more durable artificial valves. The book is suitable for an interdisciplinary audience, with contributions from bioengineers and cardiologists that includes coverage of valvular and potential future developments. This book provides an opportunity for bioengineers to study all topics relating to heart valve engineering in a single book as written by subject matter experts. Covers the depth and breadth of this interdisciplinary area of research Encompasses a wide range of topics, from basic science, to the translational applications of heart valve engineering Contains contributions from leading experts in the field that are heavily illustrated
Author : Arash Kheradvar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447122887
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)
Download or read book Vortex Formation in the Cardiovascular System written by Arash Kheradvar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vortex Formation in the Cardiovascular System will recapitulate the current knowledge about the vortex formation in the cardiovascular system, from mechanics to cardiology. This can facilitate the interaction between basic scientists and clinicians on the topic of the circulatory system. The book begins with a synopsis of the fundamentals aspects of fluid mechanics to give the reader the essential background to address the proceeding chapters. Then the fundamental elements of vortex dynamics will be discussed, explaining the conditions for their formation and the rules governing their dynamics. The main equations are accompanied by mathematical models. Cardiovascular vortex formation is first analyzed in physiological, healthy conditions in the heart chambers and in the large arterial vessels. The analysis is initially presented with an intuitive appeal grounded on the physical phenomena and a focus on its clinical significance.In the proceeding chapters, the knowledge gained from either clinical or basic science literature will be discussed. The corresponding mathematical elements will finally be presented to ensure the adequate diligence. The proceeding chapters ensue to the analysis of pathological conditions, when the reader may have developed the ability to recognize normal from abnormal vortex formation phenomenon. Pathological vortex formation represents vortices that develop at sites where normally laminar flow should exist, e.g. stenosis and aneurisms. This analysis naturally leads to the interaction of vortices due to the surgical procedures with respect to prediction of changes in vortex formation. The existing techniques, from medical imaging to numerical simulations, to explore vortex flows in the cardiovascular systems will also be described. The presentations are accompanied by the mathematical definitions can that be understandable for reader without the advanced mathematical background, while an interested reader with more advanced knowledge in mathematics can be referred to references for further quantitative analyses. The book pursues the objective to transfer the fundamental vortex formation phenomena with application to the cardiovascular system to the reader. This book will be a valuable support for physicians in the evaluation of vortex influence on diagnosis and therapeutic choices. At the same time, the book will provide the rigorous information for research scientists, either from medicine and mechanics, working on the cardiovascular circulation incurring with the physics of vortex dynamics.
Author : Xin Leong Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Numerical Analysis on Simplified 2d Model of Heart Valve Leaflets During Cardiac Cycle written by Xin Leong Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, the increasing numbers of heart diseases cases is very worrying although the medication technologies are always improving and moving forward. In this study, the objectives are to investigate the effect of blood flow velocity and leaflet displacement by using different shape of simplified two dimensional heart valve leaflets in the diastolic and systolic condition. Five different shapes of mitral valve leaflets and aortic valve leaflets were created and the simulation was performed by using ADINA-Fluid Structure Interaction. From the result obtained, triangle shape of leaflet showed it had the highest of blood velocity changes and leaflets displacement changes in a period time of one second when compare to the other four shapes whereas the square shape had the lowest performances. The relationship obtained for blood velocity flow and leaflet's displacement changes is same for both mitral valve and aortic valve. The velocity of flow and leaflet's displacement changes for triangle shape in diastolic condition is 68.54 mm/s and 2.171 mm while at systolic condition is 102 mm/s and 5.168 mm respectively for mitral valve. The outcome simulation result shows that large vortex formed behind the leaflet and leaflet deformed when the blood flow into left ventricle is agreed with the result in literature. In conclusion, five different shapes two-dimensional model of mitral valve and aortic valve has been developed and ellipse shape of valve leaflets is predicted to be the most suitable shape in applying for future artificial valve designing due to its good blood velocity flow with the small changes of leaflets displacement. Ellipse shape of leaflets could be chosen as the most suitable shape among these five shapes in further study of heart valve simulation.
Author : Lee Xin Leong
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659218507
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Numerical Analysis on Simplified 2D Model of Heart Valve written by Lee Xin Leong and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, the increasing numbers of heart diseases cases is very worrying although the medication technologies are always improving and moving forward.In this book, numerical modeling was used to study the effect of blood flow velocity and leaflet displacement by different shape of simplified 2D model of heart valve leaflets during cardiac cycle.Five different shapes of mitral valve leaflets and aortic valve leaflets were created and the simulation was performed by using ADINA-Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI). Ellipse shape of leaflets could be chosen as the most suitable shape among these five shapes in further study of heart valve simulati
Author : Krishnan B. Chandran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441973508
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Image-Based Computational Modeling of the Human Circulatory and Pulmonary Systems written by Krishnan B. Chandran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-18 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image-Based Computational Modeling of the Human Circulatory and Pulmonary Systems provides an overview of the current modeling methods and applications enhancing interventional treatments and computer-aided surgery. A detailed description of the techniques behind image acquisition, processing and three-dimensional reconstruction are included. Techniques for the computational simulation of solid and fluid mechanics and structure interaction are also discussed, in addition to various cardiovascular and pulmonary applications. Engineers and researchers involved with image processing and computational modeling of human organ systems will find this a valuable reference.
Author : Omid Sirous
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of the Leaflet Designs to Improve Hemodynamics of Mechanical Heart Valves written by Omid Sirous and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical heart valves (MHVs) are widely implanted due to their reliability and long life span. However, patients who receive MHV implants are required and prescribed anticoagulant medication to reduce the high risk of thromboembolic complications. Although MHVs are considered as a long-term devices to save the lives of thousands of patients suffering from severe heart valve diseases, current designs could be improved based on the fundamentals of fluid mechanics in order to overcome some of the serious complications that can threaten the lives of patients, as well as improve the quality of their lives. Non-physiological blood flow and a higher level of mechanical stresses endured by the blood cells are considered as possible elements of those complications. It is believed that due to the non-physiological blood flow field through the MHVs, leaflet(s) motion can induce thromboembolism and also embolic strokes. The influence of higher levels of mechanical shear stresses, exposure time, and static flow zones behind the leaflet(s) cause significant effects to elevate platelet activation and thromboembolism formation. This research is an effort to provide further information regarding the capability of the passive flow management techniques to reduce these complications, and therefore improve the hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow to prevent high shear stress zones and blood cell damage. The objective of the current research activities is an attempt to examine pulsatile blood flow through MHVs with modified designs. In this investigation, we aim to investigate the effect of the valves with porous leaflets and compare the proposed design with the basic leaflet design. A set of steady and transient 3-dimensional models of MHVs with pulsatile, non-Newtonian turbulent blood flow were developed and investigated in order to: (1) numerically analyze the result of passive flow control techniques, (2) improve the hemodynamics of the valve, and (3) reduce the excessive levels of mechanical stresses compared to the basic bileaflet MHV. The computational models show a distinct difference in the flow field in the two designs, both of which demonstrate significant improvements in the hemodynamics of MHV.
Author : Liang Zhong
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813270659
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Computational And Mathematical Methods In Cardiovascular Physiology written by Liang Zhong and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including heart diseases, peripheral vascular disease and heart failure, account for one-third of deaths throughout the world. CVD risk factors include systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetic status. Clinical trials have demonstrated that when modifiable risk factors are treated and corrected, the chances of CVD occurring can be reduced. This illustrates the importance of this book's elaborate coverage of cardiovascular physiology by the application of mathematical and computational methods.This book has literally transformed Cardiovascular Physiology into a STEM discipline, involving (i) quantitative formulations of heart anatomy and physiology, (ii) technologies for imaging the heart and blood vessels, (iii) coronary stenosis hemodynamics measure by means of fractional flow reserve and intervention by grafting and stenting, (iv) fluid mechanics and computational analysis of blood flow in the heart, aorta and coronary arteries, and (v) design of heart valves, percutaneous valve stents, and ventricular assist devices.So how is this mathematically and computationally configured landscape going to impact cardiology and even cardiac surgery? We are now entering a new era of mathematical formulations of anatomy and physiology, leading to technological formulations of medical and surgical procedures towards more precise medicine and surgery. This will entail reformatting of (i) the medical MD curriculum and courses, so as to educate and train a new generation of physicians who are conversant with medical technologies for applying into clinical care, as well as (ii) structuring of MD-PhD (Computational Medicine and Surgery) Program, to train competent medical and surgical specialists in precision medical care and patient-specific surgical care.This book provides a gateway for this new emerging scenario of (i) science and engineering based medical educational curriculum, and (ii) technologically oriented medical and surgical procedures. As such, this book can be usefully employed as a textbook for courses in (i) cardiovascular physiology in both the schools of engineering and medicine of universities, as well as (ii) cardiovascular engineering in biomedical engineering departments worldwide.
Author : Madison James
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Blood Damage Analysis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics of Blood Flow Through a Functioning and Malfunctioning Bileaflet Artificial Heart Valve written by Madison James and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jack Bokros
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031179331
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)
Download or read book Heart of Carbon written by Jack Bokros and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a historical account of the development of the On-X carbon mechanical heart valve, discussing the steps involved in developing the materials, and describes how the design of the valve has evolved over the years. It explores both the scientific and corporate problems researchers have encountered over the years in the journey of making a mechanical heart valve. The chapters provide a detailed description of the design of the mechanical leaflet-based prosthetic valve, with a particular focus on blood flow characteristics. This book includes an overview of the state-of-the-art in the chemistry and physics of carbon, and compiles the advances in carbon-based technology and its applications in cardiac and thoracic surgery. This is an ideal book for bioengineers working on the chemistry and physics of carbon, and other professionals involved with cardiac and thoracic surgery.
