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Anaerobic Digestion Of Onion Processing Waste And Biochemical Methods For Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion
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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Onion Processing Waste and Biochemical Methods for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion by : Rowena T. Romano
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Onion Processing Waste and Biochemical Methods for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion written by Rowena T. Romano and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion by : Guangxue Wu
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion written by Guangxue Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste by : Abbass Jafari Kang
Download or read book Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste written by Abbass Jafari Kang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic municipal solid waste (OMSW) is considered as a key element in sustainable municipal waste management due to its benefits for energy, environment, and economy. This process reduces emission of greenhouse gases, generates renewable natural gas, and produces fertilizers and soil amendments. Due to its advantages over other treatment methods and waste-to-energy technologies, anaerobic digestion has attracted more attention so that numerous research works in this area are performed. In this chapter, an overview of previous studies on anaerobic digestion using OMSW as the feedstock is presented. First, the principals of anaerobic digestion including chemical and biological pathways and microorganisms responsible for different steps of the process are discussed. Factors influencing the efficiency of the process such as temperature, pH, moisture content, retention time, organic loading rate and C/N ratio are also presented in this chapter. Different methods of pretreatment applied to enhance biogas production from anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion Processes by : Nigel Horan
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion Processes written by Nigel Horan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new application processes in the context of anaerobic digestion (AD), such as phosphorus recovery, microbial fuel cells (MFCs), and seaweed digestion. In addition, it introduces a new technique for the modeling and optimization of AD processes. Chapters 1 and 2 review AD as a technique for converting a range of organic wastes into biogas, while Chapter 3 discusses the recovery of phosphorus from anaerobically digested liquor. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on new techniques for modeling and optimizing AD. Chapters 6 and 7 then describe the state of the art in AD effluent treatment. The book’s final three chapters focus on more recent developments, including microbial fuel cells (MFCs) (Chapter 8), seaweed production (Chapter 9), and enzyme technologies (Chapter 10).
Book Synopsis Methods to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste by : Javkhlan Ariunbaatar
Download or read book Methods to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste written by Javkhlan Ariunbaatar and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment of food waste by anaerobic digestion can lead to an energy production coupled to a reduction of the volume and greenhouse gas emissions from this waste type. Nevertheless, obtaining the highest possible methane recovery in a shorter time with a stable operation is challenging. To overcome the hurdles of AD of FW various pretreatment methods, supplementation of trace elements, bioaugmentation using zoo animals' dung and comparison of reactor configurations including one-stage and two-stage continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) as well as anaerobic membrane reactor (AnMBR) were studied in the scope of this research. Based on the results of the batch experiments, thermal pretreatment at 80°C for 1.5 hours yielded 46 - 52% higher biomethane production, and it is more energy efficient than ozonation or thermophilic shock pretreatments. Among the various tested concentrations and trace elements Fe (II) and Se (VI) concentrations of 25-50 ug/L resulted in 39 and 35% increase of biomethane production, respectively. A better solubilization of proteins (6.96 ± 2.76% more) and recalcitrant carbohydrates (344.85 ± 54.31 mg/L as compared to zero) could be obtained with bioaugmentation of giraffe dung (30% by volume), which yielded a 11.24 ± 4.51% higher biomethane production. A two-stage CSTR with digestate re-circulation performed better than one-stage with (i) a better pH self-adjusting capacity; (ii) a higher resistance to organic loading shocks; (iii) almost 100% volatile solids was destroyed as compared to 71% in one-stage CSTR; (iv) 50-60% methane content was obtained, while it was 40-50% in one-stage CSTR; (v) a small amount of hydrogen was also detected from the first stage of the two-stage reactor making it an attractive biohythane production system. Although physically separating the methanogens made them more sensitive to inhibitory factors, such as ammonium and propionic acid. Moreover, the long hydraulic retention time (HRT) is still the problem with these systems, hence an AnMBR equipped with a side-stream polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was proposed and a successful operation was achieved. Thanks to the membranes the HRT was able to be reduced from 20 d to 1d, while maintaining an overall removal efficiency of >97% of the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and yielded a higher biogas production with 70% methane content.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Organic Waste for Biological Treatment, Liquid Manure into a Solid, Tomato Waste Water Treatment, Oxalic Acid from Jute Stick, Cotton Processing Waste, Fish Waste, Agro-Industrial Wastes, Bioconversion of Pretreated Wheat Straw and Sunflower Stalks to Ethanol, Agricultural Waste Treatment, Waste of Dehydrated Onion, Beef-Cattle Manure Slurry, Meat Meal and Algae for Calves, Wastes from Large Piggeries, Pig Waste, Oxytetracycline, Methane from Cattle Waste by : Dr. Himadri Panda
Download or read book Handbook on Organic Waste for Biological Treatment, Liquid Manure into a Solid, Tomato Waste Water Treatment, Oxalic Acid from Jute Stick, Cotton Processing Waste, Fish Waste, Agro-Industrial Wastes, Bioconversion of Pretreated Wheat Straw and Sunflower Stalks to Ethanol, Agricultural Waste Treatment, Waste of Dehydrated Onion, Beef-Cattle Manure Slurry, Meat Meal and Algae for Calves, Wastes from Large Piggeries, Pig Waste, Oxytetracycline, Methane from Cattle Waste written by Dr. Himadri Panda and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook on Organic Waste for Biological Treatment, Liquid Manure into a Solid, Tomato Waste Water Treatment, Oxalic Acid from Jute Stick, Cotton Processing Waste, Fish Waste, Agro-Industrial Wastes, Bioconversion of Pretreated Wheat Straw and Sunflower Stalks to Ethanol, Agricultural Waste Treatment, Waste of Dehydrated Onion, Beef-Cattle Manure Slurry, Meat Meal and Algae for Calves, Wastes from Large Piggeries, Pig Waste, Oxytetracycline, Methane from Cattle Waste (Also Known as The Complete Book on Biological Waste Treatment and their Utilization) Biological Treatment is the recycling of humus, nutrients and/or energy from biological waste by means of aerobic (composting) or anaerobic (digesting) processing. Biological treatment is an important and integral part of any wastewater treatment plant that treats wastewater from either municipality or industry having soluble organic impurities or a mix of the two types of wastewater sources. Biological wastewater treatment is an important and integral step of wastewater treatment system and it treats wastewater coming from either residential buildings or industries etc. It is often called as Secondary Treatment process which is used to remove any contaminants that left over after primary treatment. Organic waste is material that is biodegradable and comes from either a plant or animal. Organic waste is usually broken down by other organisms over time and may also be referred to as wet waste. Most of the time, it's made up of vegetable and fruit debris, paper, bones and human waste which quickly disintegrate. Wastewater treatment is a process used to convert wastewater, which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use, into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused. Expenditure on water and wastewater infrastructure in India is set to increase by 83% over the next five years, hitting an annual run rate of $16 billion by 2020. The utility market is set to top $14 billion within five years, while annual spending in the industrial sector will approach $2 billion. Spending on water supply will grow from $5.56 billion to $9.4 billion over the next five years. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area. TAGS Biological Treatment, Organic-Waste Treatment, Biological Treatment of Organic Waste, Biological Wastewater Treatment, Biological Treatment Plant or Organic Waste, Organic Solid Waste Biological Treatment, Biological Treatment Plant, Microorganisms in Organic Waste Disposal, Biological Treatment of Waste, Process for Biological Treatment of Organic Waste, Biological Treatment Process, Organic Waste Treatment, Organic Waste Recycling, Organic Waste Forms and Treatment Strategies, Biological Waste Treatment and Utilization, Transformation of Liquid Manure into Solid, Tomato Waste Water Treatment, Treatment of Wastewater from Peeled Tomato, Tomato Cleaning and Water Recycle, Preparation of Oxalic Acid from Jute Stick, Oxalic Acid Manufacture, Oxalic Acid from Jute Stick, Digestion of Cotton Processing Waste, Properties of Sorghum Stalk, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sorghum Stalk, Biological Fermentation of Fish Waste, Fermentation of Fish Waste, Fermented Fish Waste, Fish Waste in Fermentation, Agro-industrial Wastes, Agro-industrial wastes utilization, Recycling of Agro-Industrial Wastes, Modelling of Agricultural Waste Treatments, Utilization of Waste of Dehydrated Onion, Utilization of Waste Products of Dehydrated Onion Industry, Palm Oil Mill Effluent Disposal on Land, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment, Waste Management in Palm Oil Mill, Management and Treatment of Wastes from Large Piggeries, treatment of wastes from piggeries, Treatment of Piggery Wastes, Management of Wastes from Pig, Piggery Waste Management, Tower Digestion of Pig Waste, Nutritive Value of Poultry Waste, Digestion of Rabbit and Pig Waste, Chemical Composition of Palm Oil Mill Effluent, Humic Substances from Composed Barks, Humic Substances from Decomposing Bark, Particle Size and Tomato Waste Digestion, Humic Acids on Hydrolysis of Potato Protein, Effects of Composts on Wheat Yields, Production of Oxytetracycline, Oxytetracycline Production, Production of oxytetracycline from agricultural wastes, Use of Manure in Fish Farming, Bacteria in Swine Waste, Poultry Waste Water as Broiler Feeds, Utilization of Indian Wastes in Livestock Feeds, Methane from Cattle Waste, Methane Production from Cattle Waste, Treatment of Milking Parlour Wastewater, Pig Liquid Manure, UASB Treatment of Wastes, Digestion of Poultry Litter, Beef-Cattle Manure Slurries, New small scale ideas for Biological Treatment, Business Ideas for Biological Treatment, How to start a Biological Treatment Plant, Start Your Own Biological Treatment Business, Biological Treatment Business Plan, Business plan for Organic Waste for Biological Treatment, Small Scale Industries in India, Organic Waste for Biological Treatment Based Small Business Ideas in India, Small Scale Industry You Can Start on Your Own, Business plan for small scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Manufacturing, How to Start a Small Business in India, Free Manufacturing Business Plans, Small and Medium Scale Manufacturing, Profitable Small Business Industries Ideas, Business ideas for Startup, Detailed Project Report on Biological Treatment, Project Report on Biological Treatment, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Oxytetracycline Production, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Oxytetracycline Production, Feasibility report on Piggery Waste Management, Free Project Profile on Piggery Waste Management, Project profile on Organic Waste for Biological Treatment, Download free project profile on Oxytetracycline Production
Book Synopsis Advanced Processes and Technologies for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion by : Dr Luxmy Begum P Eng
Download or read book Advanced Processes and Technologies for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion written by Dr Luxmy Begum P Eng and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADVANCED PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENHANCED ANAEROBIC DIGESTION This book covers almost all the recent advancements in the industry starting from the emerging feed stocks to resource recovery of digestate; providing sufficient details on theories and practices, technologies and technology suppliers: - ADVANCEMENT IN FEED COMPOSITIONS: - Emerging feed stocks - Various co-digestion fed stocks and their characteristics - Feed stocks energy values, ways to evaluate feed stocks' biogas potential, etc. FEED PRE-TREATMENT CATEGORIES AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES: - Information on different feed pre-treatment technologies and commercial suppliers that sell them - Specific information on food waste and source separated organic waste pre-treatment with examples from existing plants and technology suppliers. ENHANCED ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESS CONSIDERATION, CONFIGURATION, AND TECHNOLOGY SELECTION: - Process considerations for optimal performance - Process selection and configurations for enhancing digestion such as feeding mode, reactor stages and configurations, enhancing solid loading and recirculation, different digester types and their performance requirements, etc. - Special focus on co-digestion process consideration, and its specific operating conditions and challenges. BIOGAS CLEANING, UPGRADING AND UTILIZATION: - Information on different biogas cleaning and upgrading technologies and suppliers - Different biogas utilization options and related benefits DIGESTATE TREATMENT AND RESOURCE RECOVERY: - Different digestate treatment and enhancement options like drying, dewatering, evaporation, pyrolysis, gasification, etc. and their related technologies - Emerging resource recovery options and end uses of digestate.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Biological Strategies to Enhance Hydrolysis During Anaerobic Digestion of Complex Waste by : Dores Gurgo e Cirne
Download or read book Evaluation of Biological Strategies to Enhance Hydrolysis During Anaerobic Digestion of Complex Waste written by Dores Gurgo e Cirne and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomethane Production from Vegetable and Water Hyacinth Waste by : Zhao Youcai
Download or read book Biomethane Production from Vegetable and Water Hyacinth Waste written by Zhao Youcai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomethane Production from Vegetable and Water Hyacinth Waste explores the production of biomethane from vegetable waste and water hyacinth via anaerobic fermentation, focusing on effect factors, control methods and optimization. The book introduces principles and key technologies before proceeding into a deeper exploration of the fundamentals of municipal vegetable waste, such as composition, main indicators, experiment devices, and pretreatment. Processes to produce volatile fatty acids and resource recovery from anaerobic fermentation liquid and residue are described in detail. Other topics covered include the utilization of fermentation products, engineering design of a reaction tank, process parameters, and environmental and economic aspects. The practical, application-oriented approach of this book allows engineering researchers, PhD students, and industry practitioners in the field of biogas and biomethane production, biomass conversion, and waste management to immediately utilize the information it provides. - Covers the fundamentals and applications of the use of food waste and water hyacinth for biomethane production through anaerobic digestion - Explores core challenges of a biomethane production operation, including details on process optimization and control - Includes multiple case studies grounded in current industrial practice - Offers practical examples and numerical calculations for large-scale operation - Provides a representative treatment of a PPP plant considered from a process systems design perspective
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion by : P.N. Hobson
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1993 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the application of micro-organisms to what is still the largest biotechnology industry - waste treatment. In this text, the scientist working on one aspect of digestion aims to find information on other applications of the process.
Book Synopsis Bioenergy Production by Anaerobic Digestion by : Nicholas Korres
Download or read book Bioenergy Production by Anaerobic Digestion written by Nicholas Korres and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in anaerobic digestion (AD), the process of energy production through the production of biogas, has increased rapidly in recent years. Agricultural and other organic waste are important substrates that can be treated by AD. This book is one of the first to provide a broad introduction to anaerobic digestion and its potential to turn agricultural crops or crop residues, animal and other organic waste, into biomethane. The substrates used can include any non-woody materials, including grass and maize silage, seaweeds, municipal and industrial wastes. These are all systematically reviewed in terms of their suitability from a biological, technical and economic perspective. In the past the technical competence and high capital investment required for industrial-scale anaerobic digesters has limited their uptake, but the authors show that recent advances have made smaller-scale systems more viable through a greater understanding of optimising bacterial metabolism and productivity. Broader issues such as life cycle assessment and energy policies to promote AD are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Waste Management in MENA Regions by : Abdelazim M Negm
Download or read book Waste Management in MENA Regions written by Abdelazim M Negm and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-05 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the state-of-the-art document describing the knowledge, data, cost-effectiveness and technologies employed to manage the waste in several countries such as Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordon, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Yemen. It covers diverse topics including the status of the waste in the region, solid waste management, solid waste recovery and disposal, the use of the agricultural waste in feeding poultry, sludge disposal and management, wastewater treatment and energy production. Also, the book explains how waste management systems are becoming more complex in many countries with the move from landfill-based to resource recovery-based solutions following the setting of international and national targets to divert waste from landfill and to increase recycling and recovery rates. Besides, this book also evaluates the environmental legislation in the selected countries and suggests new performance enhancements. This book is of interest to environmental professionals including scientists and policymakers in the Middle East, North Africa, and areas with similar features.
Book Synopsis Current Advances in Anaerobic Digestion Technology by : Marcell Nikolausz
Download or read book Current Advances in Anaerobic Digestion Technology written by Marcell Nikolausz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the oldest biotechnological processes and originally referred to biomass degradation under anoxic conditions in both natural and engineered systems. It has been used for decades to treat various waste streams and to produce methane-rich biogas as an important energy carrier, and it has become a major player in electrical power production. AD is a popular, mature technology, and our knowledge about the influencing process parameters as well as about the diverse microbial communities involved in the process has increased dramatically over the last few decades. To avoid competition with food and feed production, the AD feedstock spectrum has constantly been extended to waste products either rich in recalcitrant lignocellulose or containing inhibitory substances such as ammonia, which requires application of various pre-treatments or specific management of the microbial resources. Extending the definition of AD, it can also convert gases rich in hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methane that can substitute natural gas, which opens new opportunities by a direct link to traditional petrochemistry. Furthermore, AD can be coupled with emerging biotechnological applications, such as microbial electrochemical technologies or the production of medium-chain fatty acids by anaerobic fermentation. Ultimately, because of the wide range of applications, AD is still a very vital field in science. This Special Issue highlights some key topics of this research field.
Book Synopsis Transformation of Biomass by : Andreas Hornung
Download or read book Transformation of Biomass written by Andreas Hornung and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass is a key resource for meeting the energy and material demands of mankind in the future. As a result, businesses and technologies are developing around biomass processing and its applications. Transformation of Biomass: Theory to Practice explores the modern applications of biomass and bio-based residues for the generation of energy, heat and chemical products. The first chapter presents readers with a broad overview of biomass and its composition, conversion routes and products. The following chapters deal with specific technologies, including anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis and gasification, as well as hydrothermal and supercritical conversion. Each chapter details current practises, recent developments, business case models and comprehensive analysis of the problems associated with each approach, and how to optimize them. Topics covered include: Anaerobic digestion Reactor design Pyrolysis Catalysis in biomass transformation Engines for combined heat and power Influence of feedstocks on performance and products Bio-hydrogen from biomass Analysis of bio-oils Numerical simulation and formal kinetic parameters evaluation Business case development This textbook will provide students, researchers and industry professionals with a practical and accessible guide to the essential skills required to advance in the field of bioenergy.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Food and Vegetable Waste by : Ying Jiang
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Food and Vegetable Waste written by Ying Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food and vegetable wastes contribute a large percentage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), and anaerobic digestion potentially offers an ideal method for their management. Their chemical composition can, however, lead to unstable operation and in extreme cases complete process failure has been reported with this type of substrate. Semi-continuous trials on vegetable waste were carried out in laboratory-scale digesters with daily feed additions at different organic loading rates (OLR). At an OLR of 2g volatile solids (VS) 1-1 day-1 the methane yield was 0.345 1g-1 VS added, or 99% of that found in a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. Higher OLRs led to reduced methane yield and energy conversion efficiency and to a drop in digester pH which could not be effectively controlled by alkali additions. To maintain digester stability it was necessary to supplement with additional trace elements including tungsten, which allowed OLR of up to 4g VS 1-1 day-1 to be achieved. Stability was also improved by the addition of yeast extract (YE). Co-digestion with card packaging and cattle slurry proved an effective means of restoring and maintaining stable operating conditions. Digesters fed on source segregated domestic food waste showed a long term pattern of failure as a result of the build-up of ammonia in the digester and the accumulation of volatile fatty acids, in particular propionic acid. The research gathered evidence to link this to an enzyme deficiency which was caused by a lack of selenium, or possibly other trace elements. Results from a fractional factorial designed batch experiment showed the importance of Se in the degradation of propionic acid, and indicated that Mo and Co might also play a role in this respect. Semi-continuous trials using laboratory-scale digesters also confirmed the requirement for Se which proved to be essential for both propionate oxidation and syntrophic hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Supplementation with Se allowed the digesters to operate at substantially higher OLR. At high loadings cobalt also becomes limiting, due to its role either in acetate oxidation in a reverse Wood-Ljungdahl pathway or in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Critical Se and Co concentrations were established as 0.16 and 0.22mg kg-1 fresh matter feed at moderate loading. At this dosage the OLR could be raised to 5g VS 1-1 day-1 with specific and volumetric biogas productions of 0.75m3 kg-1 VS added and 3.75m3 m-3 day-1 at a standard temperature and pressure (STP) of 0°C and 101.325 kPa, representing a significant increase in process performance and operational stability. A tracer experiment using a radio-labelled isotope [2-14C] of acetate proved that under high ammonia concentrations, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the dominant pathway leading to methane production in food waste digesters. A rapid non-derivatisation gas chromatographic method for quantification of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids was developed. These long chain fatty acids (LCFA) can accumulate in anaerobic digesters, and a simple extraction method was also developed to permit a more rapid sample turn-around time. The method was tested on digestate from food waste digesters. It was observed that the concentrations of stearic and palmitic acid in digesters routinely supplemented with trace elements were proportionally lower with respect to their relative loading when compared to those without supplementation. It was concluded that both Se and Co were deficient in source segregated domestic food waste collected in the UK, and that supplementation with these elements could improve digestion stability, allow higher OLR to be applied, and in doing so improve the energy yield of the digestion process.
Book Synopsis Enhancement of Modeling Phased Anaerobic Digestion Systems Through Investigation of Their Microbial Ecology and Biological Activity by : Mirzaman Zamanzadeh
Download or read book Enhancement of Modeling Phased Anaerobic Digestion Systems Through Investigation of Their Microbial Ecology and Biological Activity written by Mirzaman Zamanzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in wastewater treatment plants for stabilisation of primary and waste activated sludges. Increasingly energy prices as well as stringent environmental and public health regulations ensure the ongoing popularity of anaerobic digestion. Reduction of volatile solids, methane production and pathogen reduction are the major objectives of anaerobic digestion. Phased anaerobic digestion is a promising technology that may allow improved volatile solids destruction and methane gas production. In AD models, microbially-mediated processes are described by functionally-grouped microorganisms. Ignoring the presence of functionally-different species in the separate phases may influence the output of AD modeling. The objective of this research was to thoroughly investigate the kinetics of hydrolysis, acetogenesis (i.e., propionate oxidation) and methanogenesis (i.e., acetoclastic) in phased anaerobic digestion systems. Using a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique, bacterial and archaeal communities were compared to complement kinetics studies. Four phased digesters including Mesophilic-Mesophilic, Thermophilic-Mesophilic, Thermophilic-Thermophilic and Mesophilic-Thermophilic were employed to investigate the influence of phase separation and temperature on the microbial activity of the digestion systems. Two more digesters were used as control, one at mesophilic 35 0C (C1) and one at thermophilic 55 0C (C2) temperatures. The HRTs in the first-phase, second-phase and single-phase digesters were approximately 3.5, 14, and 17 days, respectively. All the digesters were fed a mixture of primary and secondary sludges. Following achievement of steady-state in the digesters, a series of batch experiments were conducted off-line to study the impact of the digester conditions on the kinetics of above-mentioned processes. A Monod-type equation was used to study the kinetics of acetoclastic methanogens and POB in the digesters, while a first-order model was used for the investigation of hydrolysis kinetics. Application of an elevated temperature (55 0C) in the first-phase was found to be effective in enhancing solubilisation of particulate organics. This improvement was more significant for nitrogen-containing material (28%) as compared to the PCOD removal (5%) when the M1 and T1 digesters were compared. Among all the configurations, the highest PCOD removal was achieved in the T1T2 system (pvalue
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste by : Luis Isidoro Romero García
Download or read book Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste written by Luis Isidoro Romero García and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some terms, such as eco-friendly, circular economy and green technologies, have remained in our vocabulary, because the truth is that mankind is altering the planet to put its own subsistence at risk. Besides, for rationalization in the consumption of raw materials and energy, the recycling of waste through efficient and sustainable processes forms the backbone of the paradigm of a sustainable industry. One of the most relevant technologies for the new productive model is anaerobic digestion. Historically, anaerobic digestion has been developed in the field of urban wastes and wastewater treatments, but in the new challenge, its role is more relevant. Anaerobic digestion is a technologically mature biological treatment, which joins bioenergy production with the efficient removal of contaminants. This issue provides a specialized, but broad in scope, overview of the possibilities of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass (mainly forestry and agricultural wastes), which is expected to be a more promising substrate for the development of biorefineries. Its conversion to bioenergy through anaerobic digestion must solve some troubles: the complex lignocellulosic structure needs to be deconstructed by pretreatments and a co-substrate may need to be added to improve the biological process. Ten selected works advance this proposal into the future.
