Author : Isamar Amador-Diaz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Book Synopsis ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS VIA COTREATMENT by : Isamar Amador-Diaz
Download or read book ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS VIA COTREATMENT written by Isamar Amador-Diaz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluates an alternative to pretreatment that represents a biomimetic approachto fermenting recalcitrant cellulosic biomass. This approach is modeled after a biologicalmechanism that has proven over time to efficiently deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass: theruminants digestive system.In the last century, the world has been paying increasing attention to greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and climate change, with the agricultural and energy sectors as two of thelargest emitters. Lignocellulosic biomass from perennial crops, crop residues, winter crops andmanures can reduce or reverse agricultural GHG emissions relative to conventional summerannual crops like maize and soybean. Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) produced by anaerobicdigestion (AD) of lignocellulosic biomass can be a sustainable alternative to fossil natural gas toreach renewable energy policy goals. Conventional AD of lignocellulose is usually not costcompetitive relative to fossil fuels, largely due to the long-residence times and hence largedigester volumes required to convert recalcitrant cellulosic feedstocks. Recent research with purecultures suggests that mimicking rumination by milling intermittently during fermentation canimprove lignocellulose digestibility and has the potential to lower cost by increasing yield and/orby reducing retention time. Our study is motivated by the possibility that this biomimeticstrategy, termed cotreatment, can similarly improve AD.Techno-economic assessment of the process is still needed to assess scale-up viabilityand potential economic implications of cotreatment assisted AD for renewable natural gasproduction. The following research intends to assess scale-up viability of cotreatment assistedswitchgrass fed anaerobic digestion. Two phases are carried out: technical process modeling andeconomic analysis. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to study potential impacts ofcarbohydrate solubilization (due to cotreatment) and scale on minimum fuel selling price ($GGE-1).For the process modeling phase, an Aspen Plus model was developed to determine the massand energy flows of each process area. Mass flow results show a potential increase of 27% morebiomethane production with cotreatment in comparison to no cotreatment for a fixed ten dayresidence time. These results served as input parameters for the second phase of economicanalysis.The cost for cotreatment aided, mixed culture, biomass-fed anaerobic digestion systemsfor biomethane production at a scale of 2000 Mg day-1 is $3.37 GGE-1 compared to $4.23 GGE-1for no cotreatment (2014 USD). Thus, cotreatment decreases the MFSP by $0.86 at that scale.The carbohydrate solubilization sensitivity analysis estimates a 5 cent reduction in MFSP per 1%increase in solubilization. At a 94.4% carbohydrate solubilization factor and 2000 dry Mg day-1scale, cotreatment aided switchgrass fed AD becomes cost competitive relative to CNG.However, when adding a RIN incentive of $3.36 GGE-1 of CNG to a market fossil CNG price of$2.09 GGE-1, switchgrass fed AD becomes economically feasible at a scales greater than 230 dryMg day-1 without cotreatment, and at scales greater than 104 dry Mg day-1 with cotreatment.These results indicate that under current prices and reasonable conversion assumptionscotreatment could be a favorable option for the production of biomethane from biomass sources.These findings can aid future planning of large-scale anaerobic digesters to reach governmentrenewable energy policy targets, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and provide a sustainable,cost-efficient bioenergy resource.