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An Overview Paper About Morphology Word Formation Processes
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Book Synopsis An overview paper about: Morphology (word-formation processes) by : Hanno Frey
Download or read book An overview paper about: Morphology (word-formation processes) written by Hanno Frey and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2003-07-17 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2000 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7 (A-), University of Hamburg (FB Anglistics), course: Seminar II, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with a fundamental branch of linguistic research. The term fundamental is justified insofar as the ability to analyse a continuous string of sounds into discrete units constitutes a central part of language comprehension. The analysis of morphological structures is situated right at the basic level of a language because it reveals deeper insight into how the smallest meaningful parts of a language are organized. A morphological description includes information about the internal structure of words, the rules that govern these structures and the relationship among words. Furthermore, the linguists′ interest in morphology is not just concerned with a mere description of that what already exists – it is also aimed to show in how far a language may be viewed as potentially creative with regard to the invention of new words on the basis of a given set of rules. This process is traditionally referred to as productivity and equated with “linguistic creativity” or “creativity in language”. The corresponding field of linguistic reserach deals with the study of words which goes beyond the limitations of dictionary entries. In this context words, phrases and texts must be seen as larger, complex or non-primitive units that are built up from morphemes in successive stages.
Book Synopsis Word-Formation in English by : Ingo Plag
Download or read book Word-Formation in English written by Ingo Plag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-30 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of word-formation, that is, the ways in which new words are built on the bases of other words (e.g. happy - happy-ness), focusing on English. The book's didactic aim is to enable students with little or no prior linguistic knowledge to do their own practical analyses of complex words. Readers are familiarized with the necessary methodological tools to obtain and analyze relevant data and are shown how to relate their findings to theoretical problems and debates. The book is not written in the perspective of a particular theoretical framework and draws on insights from various research traditions, reflecting important methodological and theoretical developments in the field. It is a textbook directed towards university students of English at all levels. It can also serve as a source book for teachers and advanced students, and as an up-to-date reference concerning many word-formation processes in English.
Book Synopsis Creative Word-Formation Processes by : Jeannette Nedoma
Download or read book Creative Word-Formation Processes written by Jeannette Nedoma and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-05-19 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: "-", , course: Introduction to Modern English Morphology, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Word-formation could be found in languages all over the world. English could be seen as the most important source for other languages in every respect. A huge amount of English terms has been spread like wildfire to other countries. English seems to have a global influence on politics (English as official language), science and technology, computer, mobile phones and the Internet (e.g. technical terms), broadcasting, music (e.g. the majority of English songs on the “German radio” is obvious), film industries and cinemas (e.g. the majority of English movies or English movies in original speech in German cinemas).
Book Synopsis The Word-formation Process "clipping" by : Katrin Blatt
Download or read book The Word-formation Process "clipping" written by Katrin Blatt and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, University of Marburg, language: English, abstract: Morphology is an extensive field of linguistics which deals among other things with different ways of forming neologisms and the shortening of words. The following paper concentrates on the specific word-formation process "clipping". To be able to give an adequate insight into this field of morphology, certain important aspects will be examined, such as the rules of this word-formation process, the usage of clippings in today's language and the development of this linguistic phenomenon over the past few decades. During the preparation for this paper, I became curious about how we use clippings in everyday language and which form, the original or the clipped word, is used more often. Do we say more often "mathematics" or "math"? Is the more common term "advertisement" or "ad"? Even more interesting is to find out in which context which form is used more often. Are clippings still assumed as more colloquial or could some words already are taken over into Standard English and therefore into the academic world? Are clippings restricted to either spoken or written language? To answer those questions, I will mainly work with two different corpora of American English, namely the "Time Magazine Corpus" and the "Corpus of Contemporary American English". These corpora give much information about usage and development of certain words in different contexts. However, it has to be said, that this paper can only give a short introductory overview of the word-formation process 'clipping'. In the first part of this paper the word-formation process 'clipping' and the different types of 'clipping' will be explained. Then a short overview about the two corpora used in this paper will be given. After that, I will first compare six words and their clippings since the 1920s, based on the "Time Magazine Corpus". The nex
Book Synopsis Word-Formation in the World's Languages by : Pavol Štekauer
Download or read book Word-Formation in the World's Languages written by Pavol Štekauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fills a gap in cross-linguistic research by being the first systematic survey of the word-formation of the world's languages. Data from fifty-five world languages reveals associations between word-formation processes in genetically and geographically distinct languages.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Word-Formation by : Pavol Štekauer
Download or read book Handbook of Word-Formation written by Pavol Štekauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive book to date on word formation in terms of scope of topics, schools and theoretical positions. All contributions were written by the leading scholars in their respective areas.
Book Synopsis The Most Productive Word Formation Processes of the English Language by :
Download or read book The Most Productive Word Formation Processes of the English Language written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-02-25 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, language: English, abstract: The drumper went on drumping until the drumperism lets him get drumpish.Every time we can form new words with the help of word formation processes. There are many different processes which lead to many different new words. But how can we form such new words? The sentenceThe drumper went on drumping until the drumperism lets him get drumpishconsists of four new or unknown words. I formed these words with the help of a very productive word formation process, called 'derivation'. But what does 'productive' actually mean? Productive in the content of word formation processes means that these processes are responsible for the large part of neologisms (Kortmann 1999: 58). Productive may be also described as “a pattern, meaning that when occasion demands, the pattern may be used as a model for new items.” (Adams 1973: 197). Some processes are more productive than others. This research paper deals with the most productive word formation processes of the English language, namely 'derivation', which includes 'prefixation', 'suffixation' and 'infixation', 'compounding' and 'conversion'. The word formation process 'back formation' is regarded as a borderline case, i.e. it can be counted as a member of the most productive word formation processes or as a member of the so called secondary word formation processes (Schmid 2005: 87). Because of the relation between compounding, especially compound verbs, and back formation I will treat the process in this research paper too. After an introduction of some basic morphological terms as well as a definition of the term 'word formation' I will present the different stages a new formed word has to pass until it can be regarded as a member of the vocabulary because not every new formed word will become established. Afterwards, in the main part of this research paper, I will present these most productive word formation processes named above and give suitable examples in each case. Finally the term 'blocking' will be introduced, i.e. there are some words which just cannot be formed because there is already another word which carries the appropriate meaning and thus 'blocks' the new word (Schmid 2005: 117). In the conclusion I will give an outlook for the secondary word formation processes and a review of words which are included in the dictionary newly.
Book Synopsis The Grammar of Words: An Introduction to Linguistic Morphology by : Geert Booij
Download or read book The Grammar of Words: An Introduction to Linguistic Morphology written by Geert Booij and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-07-05 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geert Booij's popular textbook examines how words are formed, compounded, and inflected in different languages. It shows how, when, and why to use methods of morphological analysis and explains how morphology relates to syntax, phonology, and semantics. The author considers the universal characteristics of morphology and how these are reflected in the workings of mind. The revised edition has been revised and updated throughout; it has a full glossary and a new chapter on the field's most notorious problem: the status of the word. 'The Grammar of Words by Geert Booij covers a broad range of topics from structural questions to psycholinguistic issues and problems of language change. This introduction to morphology is thorough and accessible and, like other works by this renowned author, especially strong at showing the significance of empirical facts for theoretical reasoning.' Ingo Plag, University of Siegen 'A book that is fully comprehensive in its coverage as well as exemplary in its clarity, written by one of the major scholars of contemporary lexical theory.' Sergio Scalise, University of Bologna
Book Synopsis Challenging Lexical Morphology by : Bastian Immanuel Wefes
Download or read book Challenging Lexical Morphology written by Bastian Immanuel Wefes and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-09-19 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Wuppertal (Fachbereich Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften), course: Morphology, language: English, abstract: In this term paper I examine several approaches to the bundling of both morphological and phonological rules, which is commonly referred to as stratification and which is the basis for the lexical morphology and phonology model. Therefore I first introduce the idea of strata with respect to their respective tasks and the order which they usually appear in (section 2). In the following I show up the first (minor) challenges within the model that eventually help to refine it (section 3). Furthermore I display problems that have not yet been solved, meaning inconsistencies within the stratification processes as they have been introduced (section 4). Right before the conclusion I briefly introduce a different approach (by Goldsmith 1990), which contradicts most of the remarks in the previous sections, but can eventually be refuted quite easily (section 5). In the conclusion I point out that the lexical morphology and phonology model has its problems (like probably nearly any other linguistic theory), but is most likely to be the most appropriate model for this motivation.
Book Synopsis Productive word-formation processes in neologisms by : Dorothea Wolschak
Download or read book Productive word-formation processes in neologisms written by Dorothea Wolschak and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-07-04 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, language: English, abstract: People have always been interested in language. First records of Sanskrit grammar, morphology and word-formation rules were written down by Panini over 2500 years ago. So it is not surprising that especially now with all the possibilities technology offers, linguists are determined to identify THE word-formation-theory. In the last century there has been a boom in publishing, creating enormous corpora that allow linguists to study a far wider range of written language. Due to the technological possibility of sound and video recording, there are also numerous spoken accounts of language available now (Bauer 1994, 9). In the last decades however, according to Bauer, word-formation is a rather “confused area of study“(2002, xiii), mostly because of its various terminology as well as different methodological and theoretical approaches. Therefore this paper will concentrate on and use the standard terminology Bauer agreed on in English Word-formation. Bauer notes furthermore the confusion in the field of productivity in word-formation. The fact that word-formation processes are in fact productive and create new lexemes can be proved by consulting any dictionary of neologisms or updates in other dictionaries. Nevertheless, linguists dispute over the extent to which word-formation is productive generally. Here the dispute between transformationalist and lexicalist positions to productivity should be mentioned (2002, 62 f., 75). But since this paper will focus on specific neologisms added to the Oxford English Dictionary, the decision of what is listed as a new and independent lexicon entry was made by someone else and should not be of any concern here. This paper will deal with the subject of words, especially newly formed words. What exactly are neologisms and how do they come about? What word-formation processes are involved in the creation of new words? How productive are the different types of word-formation? This paper attempts to answer these questions to a certain extent and furthermore picture the contemporary productivity of word-formation patterns by analysing the new word entries of the March 2013 update in the Oxford English Dictionary as a case study.
Book Synopsis Introduction to English Morphology by : Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy
Download or read book Introduction to English Morphology written by Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What exactly are words? Are they the things that get listed in dictionaries, or are they the basic units of sentence structure? Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy explores the implications of these different approaches to words in English. He explains the various ways in which words are related to one another, and shows how the history of the English language has affected word structure. Topics include: words, sentences and dictionaries; a word and its parts (roots and affixes); a word and its forms (inflection); a word and its relatives (derivation); compound words; word structure; productivity; and the historical sources of English word formation. Requiring no prior linguistic training, this textbook is suitable for undergraduate students of English - literature or language - and provides a sound basis for further linguistic study.
Book Synopsis Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization by : Pius ten Hacken
Download or read book Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization written by Pius ten Hacken and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-17 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of word formation, the focus has often been on generating the form. In this book, the semantic aspect of the formation of new words is central. It is viewed from the perspectives of word formation rules and of lexicalization. An extensive introduction gives a historical overview of the study of the semantics of word formation and lexicalization, explaining how the different theoretical frameworks used in the contributions relate to each other. Each chapter then concentrates on a specific question about a theoretical concept or a word formation process in a particular language and adopts a theoretical framework that is appropriate to the study of this question. From general theoretical concepts of productivity and lexicalization, the focus moves to terminology, compounding, and derivation. Theoretical frameworks discussed include Jackendoff's Conceptual Structure, Langacker's Cognitive Grammar, Lieber's lexical semantic approach to word formation, Pustejovsky's Generative Lexicon, Beard's Lexeme-Morpheme-Base Morphology, The onomasiological approach to terminology and word formation.
Book Synopsis English Word Formation by : Johannes Klaas
Download or read book English Word Formation written by Johannes Klaas and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2001-11-22 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 1998 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3 (B), University of Cologne (English Seminar), language: English, abstract: I. Aronoff, Selkirk and Lieber on the structure of the English lexicon and the nature and use of word-formation rules. In the wake of Chomsky's "Remarks on Nominalization" (1970), in which Chomsky makes a strict distinction between syntax and derivational morphology, Aronoff (1976) proposes a word based theory of the lexicon. This lexicon is a separate component of the grammar in which derivational word formation processes are dealt with. This hypothesis is called strong lexicalist hypothesis. Aronoff suggests that inflection and compounding are not taking place in the lexicon but in the syntax (Spencer 1991: 82). As to the nature of the listed lexical items Aronoff does not go along with Halle who in 1973 assumed that the lexicon is made up of three lists: a list of morphemes, a list of actual words, and a list of words that are regularly formed but are non-existent (McCarthy 1992: 25). In his theory Aronoff reduces the three lists to one single list, stating that it could only be words that are listed in the lexicon, not morphemes. A reason for this assumption is that morphemes, other than words, are not persistent in meaning and sometimes they do not seem to have any meaning at all. A good example for meaningless morphemes are the so-called cranberry morphemes. [...]
Download or read book Dutch Morphology written by G. E. Booij and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The architecture of the human language faculty has been one of the main foci of the linguistic research of the last half century. This branch of linguistics, broadly known as Generative Grammar, is concerned with the formulation of explanatory formal accounts of linguistic phenomena with the ulterior goal of gaining insight into the properties of the 'language organ'. The series comprises high quality monographs and collected volumes that address such issues. The topics in this series range from phonology to semantics, from syntax to information structure, from mathematical linguistics to studies of the lexicon. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert
Book Synopsis An Onomasiological Theory of English Word-formation by : Pavol tekauer
Download or read book An Onomasiological Theory of English Word-formation written by Pavol tekauer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pavol tekauer presents an original approach to the intricate problems of English word-formation. The emphasis is on the process of coining new naming units (words). This is described by an onomasiological model, which takes as its point of departure the naming needs of a speech community, and proceeds through conceptual reflection of extra-linguistic reality and semantic analysis to the form of a new naming unit. As a result, it is the form which implements options given by semantics by means of the so-called Form-to-Meaning Assignment Principle. Word-formation is conceived of as an independent component, interrelated with the lexical component by supplying it with new naming units, and by making use of the word-formation bases of naming units stored in the Lexicon. The relation to the Syntactic component is only mediated through the Lexical component. In addition, the book presents a new approach to productivity. It is maintained that word-formation processes are as productive as syntactic processes. This radically new approach provides simple answers to a number of traditional problems of word-formation.
Download or read book Word-Formation written by Peter O. Müller and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook comprises an in-depth presentation of the state of the art in word-formation. The five volumes contain 207 articles written by leading international scholars. The XVI chapters of the handbook provide the reader, in both general articles and individual studies, with a wide variety of perspectives: word-formation as a linguistic discipline (history of science, theoretical concepts), units and processes in word-formation, rules and restrictions, semantics and pragmatics, foreign word-formation, language planning and purism, historical word-formation, word-formation in language acquisition and aphasia, word-formation and language use, tools in word-formation research. The final chapter comprises 74 portraits of word-formation in the individual languages of Europe and offers an innovative perspective. These portraits afford the first overview of this kind and will prove useful for future typological research. This handbook will provide an essential reference for both advanced students and researchers in word-formation and related fields within linguistics.
Book Synopsis Recent Trends in English Word-Formation by : Bastian Heynen
Download or read book Recent Trends in English Word-Formation written by Bastian Heynen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-02-23 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1.0, University of Dusseldorf "Heinrich Heine" (English Linguistics), course: English Word-Formation, language: English, abstract: This paper will discuss recent trends in English word formation. To elaborate on the subject it starts to define what word formation is and how it fits into morphology, the part of linguistics dealing with words and their basic units. In the first part it will discuss basic terms and promote the necessary understanding of word analysis. We will discuss what productivity is and what constitutes a new word. Included is also a short introduction in the theory of the lexicon, where the so called lexemes are stored. The second part will go on with the introduction of recent neologisms that I found interesting, using the circumstance to discuss the basic patterns of word formation. It is not a complete list of recent neologisms, nor is it a statistical analysis of corpora. I will elaborate on certain aspects of word formation patterns with chosen examples. Most neologisms dealt with in this paper can be found in Maxwell (2006); few exceptions can be found the internet. We will also look for irregularities and ask ourselves whether there are any cases in which new words refer to old words. In the last part of the paper I will have a look at the sources of word formation. Are there any fields in which new words are especially frequent? Are those fields easy to distinguish from each other? Why are these fields important? The intention of this paper is to give a summary of recent development concerning new words and what such a development might mean to us.
