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An Investigation Of Racial Disparities In Infant Mortality Across The United States
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Book Synopsis An Investigation of Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality Across the United States by : Crystal Pirtle Tyler
Download or read book An Investigation of Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality Across the United States written by Crystal Pirtle Tyler and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Racial and Age-related Disparities in Infant and Maternal Mortality in the United States from 2000-2019 by : Ryan Huang
Download or read book Racial and Age-related Disparities in Infant and Maternal Mortality in the United States from 2000-2019 written by Ryan Huang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Objectives: Infant and maternal mortality rates serve as important markers of a country's health. While infant mortality rates have declined, still more than 21,000 infants died in 2018 in the United States (US) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains the leading cause of infant death. Also, the US is the only developed nation where maternal mortality rates are rising, with over 700 pregnant women dying annually. Most studies have excluded non-obstetrical causes of death due to the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of maternal death, which is limited to obstetrical causes. This thesis will be addressing four objectives: 1) to report on estimates of SIDS and examine SIDS risk across sex and racial groups in the US, 2) to report on maternal mortality from all causes across race and examine racial disparities in the US, 3) to report on maternal mortality from all causes across age groups and examine age-related risk in the US, and 4) to report on non-obstetric causes of maternal mortality and examine associated racial disparities. Methods: Four retrospective population-based cross-sectional studies were conducted. All studies utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's "Birth Data" and "Mortality Multiple Cause" data files, containing official birth and death certificate information in the US, from 2000-2019. In the first study, incidence rates of SIDS per 10,000 live births were calculated across sex and racial groups over the 20-year period and logistic regression models estimated the effects of sex and race on the risk of SIDS. The second study reported maternal mortality rates due to both obstetrical and non-obstetrical causes per 100,000 live births across racial groups and used logistic regression models to estimate effects of race on the risk of maternal mortality. The third paper estimated annual incidence and period trends in maternal deaths by 5-year age groups and used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate associations between maternal age and risk of maternal mortality. The fourth paper reported annual incidence of non-obstetric maternal mortality and used logistic regression models to examine the effects of race on mortality. Results: In the first study, a total of 39,591 SIDS cases were reported between 2000 and 2019. Male infants were at greater risk of SIDS (OR 1.36,95% CI 1.33-1.39), as were Black (2.25, 2.20-2.30) and American Indian infants (2.21, 2.06-2.37), compared with White infants. In the second and third studies, a total 21,241 maternal deaths were reported in women during pregnancy and childbirth during the study period, with 65.5% being caused by obstetrical and 34.5% by other non-obstetrical causes. The second study found that Black women, compared with White women, were at a greater risk of maternal mortality (OR 2.13,95% CI 2.06-2.20), as were American Indian women (2.02, 1.83-2.24). The third study found that 6,870 (32.3%) maternal deaths were in women ≥35 years, while only 15.1% of livebirths were attributed to women ≥35 years, with a significantly greater risk of maternal mortality among older women. The last study found 7,334 women died during pregnancy from non-obstetric causes over the past two decades, with transport accidents and accidental poisoning being the most common reasons. In terms of race, American Indian women were found to be at the highest risk of experiencing maternal death from a non-obstetric cause (OR 2.20,95% CI 1.90-2.56). Conclusions: The incidence of SIDS in the US declined between 2000-2019; however, male, Black, and American Indian infants remain at a higher risk. We also found increases in maternal mortality rate from obstetrical and non-obstetrical causes over the past two decades, with greater risk among American Indian, Black, and women ≥35 years, pointing to the need to prioritize targeted public health interventions to improve maternal health outcomes"--
Book Synopsis Clouds in the Sunshine State by : Sheronika E. Denson
Download or read book Clouds in the Sunshine State written by Sheronika E. Denson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unequal Treatment by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Unequal Treatment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-02-06 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.
Download or read book Babylost written by Monica J. Casper and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. infant mortality rate is among the highest in the industrialized world, and Black babies are far more likely than white babies to die in their first year of life. Maternal mortality rates are also very high. The tragedy is twofold: it is undoubtedly tragic that babies die in their first year of life, and it is both tragic and unacceptable that most of these deaths are preventable. Babylost tracks social and cultural dimensions of infant death through 26 alphabetical entries, from Absence to ZIP Code. It centers women's loss and grief, while also drawing attention to dimensions of infant death often left unexamined.
Book Synopsis Closing the Gap, Addressing the Disparity of Infant Mortality Among African-American and White Infants by : State of Maryland
Download or read book Closing the Gap, Addressing the Disparity of Infant Mortality Among African-American and White Infants written by State of Maryland and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-19 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from "Closing the Gap," Addressing the Disparity of Infant Mortality Among African-American and White Infants: Approaches for Clinicians and Policymakers; Final Report of the Expert Panel on African-American/White Infant Mortality Gap Maryland has made considerable progress in reducing its overall infant mortality steadily since 1995. In fact, the State had a record low infant mortality rate Of deaths per 1000 live births in 1996. However, there remains a significant gap in the number of African - American and White infant deaths. African-american infants are more than two times likely to die within the first year of life. The State's overall child well - being will not improve unless we work harder to make sure that every child is born healthy and that every child reaches his first birthday. My Administration has made investigating the issue of racial disparity in infant mortality and finding solutions a top priority. In 1995, the Maryland Commission on Infant Mortality Prevention identified the need to reduce the racial gap in infant deaths among african-americans and Whites as a major goal in its eight point Statewide strategic infant mortality prevention plan. In 1996, I asked the Commission to appoint a blue ribbon panel Of experts to explore the factors contributing to the gap and develop recommendations for improvement. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life by : National Research Council
Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-16 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.
Book Synopsis Access to Care, Provider Choice and Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality by : Anna Aizer
Download or read book Access to Care, Provider Choice and Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality written by Anna Aizer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Babylost written by Monica J. Casper and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. infant mortality rate is among the highest in the industrialized world, and Black babies are far more likely than white babies to die in their first year of life. Maternal mortality rates are also very high. Though the infant mortality rate overall has improved over the past century with public health interventions, racial disparities have not. Racism, poverty, lack of access to health care, and other causes of death have been identified, but not yet adequately addressed. The tragedy is twofold: it is undoubtedly tragic that babies die in their first year of life, and it is both tragic and unacceptable that most of these deaths are preventable. Despite the urgency of the problem, there has been little public discussion of infant loss. The question this book takes up is not why babies die; we already have many answers to this question. It is, rather, who cares that babies, mostly but not only Black and Native American babies, are dying before their first birthdays? More importantly, what are we willing to do about it? This book tracks social and cultural dimensions of infant death through 58 alphabetical entries, from Absence to ZIP Code. It centers women’s loss and grief, while also drawing attention to dimensions of infant death not often examined. It is simultaneously a sociological study of infant death, an archive of loss and grief, and a clarion call for social change.
Book Synopsis Racial Differences in the Social Determinants of Infant Mortality: A County-Level Analysis by : Anna Claire Church
Download or read book Racial Differences in the Social Determinants of Infant Mortality: A County-Level Analysis written by Anna Claire Church and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are considered to be one of the most important indicators of a healthy society and a key marker of maternal and child health. In the United States, progress has been made in reducing the overall infant mortality rate, but this reduced aggregated rate masks significant racial disparities. The objective of this study is to systematically examine racial differences in a number of social determinants of infant mortality at the county-level, specifically differences between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White populations. Multivariate OLS regression modeling is used to analyze the association between the demographic, economic, and health predictor variables and IMRs. The results show that while there are marked differences in the predictors of Black and white IMRs, there are also remarkable similarities. Median household incomes and numbers of practicing midwives are found to be two of the significant factors in reducing infant mortality rates for both groups. .
Book Synopsis Racial Differentials in Infant Mortality in the U.S. by : Robert A. Hummer
Download or read book Racial Differentials in Infant Mortality in the U.S. written by Robert A. Hummer and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :368 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Infant Mortality Rates by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Download or read book Infant Mortality Rates written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Maternal Mortality in the United States, 1935-2007 by : Gopal K. Singh
Download or read book Maternal Mortality in the United States, 1935-2007 written by Gopal K. Singh and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :394 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Infant mortality rates by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Download or read book Infant mortality rates written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis When Children Die by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book When Children Die written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-09 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The death of a child is a special sorrow. No matter the circumstances, a child's death is a life-altering experience. Except for the child who dies suddenly and without forewarning, physicians, nurses, and other medical personnel usually play a central role in the lives of children who die and their families. At best, these professionals will exemplify "medicine with a heart." At worst, families' encounters with the health care system will leave them with enduring painful memories, anger, and regrets. When Children Die examines what we know about the needs of these children and their families, the extent to which such needs areâ€"and are notâ€"being met, and what can be done to provide more competent, compassionate, and consistent care. The book offers recommendations for involving child patients in treatment decisions, communicating with parents, strengthening the organization and delivery of services, developing support programs for bereaved families, improving public and private insurance, training health professionals, and more. It argues that taking these steps will improve the care of children who survive as well as those who do notâ€"and will likewise help all families who suffer with their seriously ill or injured child. Featuring illustrative case histories, the book discusses patterns of childhood death and explores the basic elements of physical, emotional, spiritual, and practical care for children and families experiencing a child's life-threatening illness or injury.
Book Synopsis Health Disparities in Infant Mortality: Examining At-risk and Low Risk Black Women by :
Download or read book Health Disparities in Infant Mortality: Examining At-risk and Low Risk Black Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
