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An Investigation Into The Mechanism Of Toxicity Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
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Book Synopsis An Investigation Into the Mechanism of Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by : Vyom Sharma
Download or read book An Investigation Into the Mechanism of Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles written by Vyom Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wide scale use of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in the world consumer market has resulted in likelihood of exposure to human beings. The present study was aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo interactions of ZnO NPs in the mammalian system and to elucidate the possible mechanism of their toxicity. Our in vitro results using human epidermal cells (A431), primary human epidermal keratinocytes and human liver cells (HepG2) demonstrated that cells exposed to ZnO NPs exhibit a decrease in cell viability which was independent of NP dissolution. ZnO NPs also induced oxidative DNA damage as evidenced by an increase in the Fpg sensitive sites. The reactive oxygen species triggered a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 leading to apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. In addition, ZnO NPs induced phosphorylation of JNK, P38 and P53ser15. The results from our in vivo studies using a mouse model showed that ZnO NPs induce lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in liver which further confirmed our in vitro findings. The data from the present study provide valuable insights into the cellular interactions of ZnO NPs and the underlying molecular mechanism of their toxicity. The results also stress the need for a comprehensive environmental health and safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials to ensure safer nanotechnology based products.
Book Synopsis Mixture Toxicity by : Cornelis A. M. van Gestel
Download or read book Mixture Toxicity written by Cornelis A. M. van Gestel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade and a half, great progress has been made in the development of concepts and models for mixture toxicity, both in human and environmental toxicology. However, due to their different protection goals, developments have often progressed in parallel but with little integration. Arguably the first book to clearly link ecotoxicology an
Download or read book Toxicology written by Marcelo Larramendy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book, Toxicology - New Aspects to This Scientific Conundrum, is intended to provide an overview on the different xenobiotics employed every day in our anthropogenic activities. We hope that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in the implications for the living species of known and new toxicants and to guide them in the future investigations.
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Toxicity Mechanism of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Aiming at Their Application as Innovative Anti-tumor Agent by : Nadine Wiesmann
Download or read book Analysis of the Toxicity Mechanism of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Aiming at Their Application as Innovative Anti-tumor Agent written by Nadine Wiesmann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Properties of Material Surfaces by : Marek Kosmulski
Download or read book Chemical Properties of Material Surfaces written by Marek Kosmulski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-07-18 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the adsorption of inorganics from aqueous solution on inorganic adsorbents. It emphasizes the relationship between adsorption and surface charging, highlighting simple and complex adsorption systems sorted by the adsorbent as well as the adsorbate. The author includes a comprehensive collection of pristine PZC of different materials - covering crystallographic structure, methods of preparation, impurities in the solid, temperature and ionic composition of the solution, experimental methods to determine PZC, and the correlation between zero points and other physical quantities.
Book Synopsis Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application by : M. Munawar
Download or read book Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application written by M. Munawar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the First International Conference held in Lancaster, England, July 11-14, 1988
Book Synopsis Multifunctional Oxide-Based Materials: From Synthesis to Application by : Teofil Jesionowski
Download or read book Multifunctional Oxide-Based Materials: From Synthesis to Application written by Teofil Jesionowski and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with novel aspects and perspectives in metal oxide and hybrid material fabrication. The contributions are mainly focused on the search for a new group of advanced materials with designed physicochemical properties, especially an expanded porous structure and defined surface activity. The proposed technological procedures result in an enhanced activity of the synthesized hybrid materials, which is of great importance when considering their potential fields of application. The use of such materials in different technological disciplines, including aspects associated with environmental protection, allows for the verification of the proposed synthesis method. Thus, it can be stated that those aspects are of interdisciplinary character and may be located at the interface of three scientific disciplines—chemistry, materials science, and engineering—as well as environmental protection. Furthermore, the presented scientific scope is in some way an answer to the continuous demand for such types of materials and opens new perspectives for their practical use
Book Synopsis Biochemical Toxicology by : Muharrem Ince
Download or read book Biochemical Toxicology written by Muharrem Ince and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-29 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemical Toxicology - Heavy Metals and Nanomaterials provides an overview of biochemical contamination, nanomaterials and toxic metals, and measurement techniques. It explains and clarifies important studies and compares and develops new and groundbreaking measurement techniques in the fields of organic and inorganic pollution and nanoscience. It is highly recommended for professionals and readers interested in the environment and human health.
Book Synopsis Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy by : Ann B. Butler
Download or read book Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy written by Ann B. Butler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-02 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy Evolution and Adaptation Second Edition Ann B. Butler and William Hodos The Second Edition of this landmark text presents a broad survey of comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy at the introductory level, representing a unique contribution to the field of evolutionary neurobiology. It has been extensively revised and updated, with substantially improved figures and diagrams that are used generously throughout the text. Through analysis of the variation in brain structure and function between major groups of vertebrates, readers can gain insight into the evolutionary history of the nervous system. The text is divided into three sections: * Introduction to evolution and variation, including a survey of cell structure, embryological development, and anatomical organization of the central nervous system; phylogeny and diversity of brain structures; and an overview of various theories of brain evolution * Systematic, comprehensive survey of comparative neuroanatomy across all major groups of vertebrates * Overview of vertebrate brain evolution, which integrates the complete text, highlights diversity and common themes, broadens perspective by a comparison with brain structure and evolution of invertebrate brains, and considers recent data and theories of the evolutionary origin of the brain in the earliest vertebrates, including a recently proposed model of the origin of the brain in the earliest vertebrates that has received strong support from newly discovered fossil evidence Ample material drawn from the latest research has been integrated into the text and highlighted in special feature boxes, including recent views on homology, cranial nerve organization and evolution, the relatively large and elaborate brains of birds in correlation with their complex cognitive abilities, and the current debate on forebrain evolution across reptiles, birds, and mammals. Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy is geared to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in neuroanatomy, but anyone interested in the anatomy of the nervous system and how it corresponds to the way that animals function in the world will find this text fascinating.
Book Synopsis The Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Toxicity of Variably Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by : Catherine Binns Anders
Download or read book The Physicochemical Properties and Cellular Toxicity of Variably Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles written by Catherine Binns Anders and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nanotechnology has grown exponentially since its inception in the early 1970's. Since then, bionanotechnological devices and treatment options have significantly improved disease treatments and patient outcomes; however, this rapid growth in consumer related products has also prompted concern. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO), known for their inherent toxicity and prevalent global use in consumer products and medical applications, have received much of this attention. Significant research efforts have focused on both toxicity remediation through material property modification and the exploitation of these same factors to create potential cancer therapeutics. There is general agreement that the physicochemical properties of nZnO strongly contribute to NP-induced toxicity; however, inconsistencies in the material property characterization methods employed, and an understanding of how those properties influence cytotoxicity in mammalian cells has led to discrepancies in the literature. Additionally, more research is needed to connect the material properties of nZnO to downstream cellular responses. Here, a panel of variably synthesized nZnO was utilized to thoroughly investigate the material properties of the particles as they relate to cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and transcriptome changes in different mammalian cell types. The goals of this study are three-fold: i) reduce NP agglomeration and sedimentation tendencies within complex media and achieve dispersion stability, ii) define which material property interactions have the greatest potential to affect cellular toxicity, and to iii) examine the preferential toxicity of nZnO towards Jurkat leukemic cells through genetic expression studies. Chapter 2 highlights the importance of dispersion stability and the effect of fetal bovine serum (FBS) proteins on the dispersion stability, dosimetry and NP-induced cytotoxicity of nZnO in suspension and adherent in vitro cell culture models. The presence of surface adsorbed proteins from the FBS on the nZnO decreased agglomeration and sedimentation potential. Furthermore, FBS-stabilized nZnO dispersions resulted in toxicity increases in suspension cells when compared to unstable dispersions; however, toxicity was decreased in adherent cell models with stable dispersions. These observations indicate that improved dispersion stability leads to increased NP bioavailability for suspension cells and reduced NP sedimentation onto adherent cell layers resulting in more accurate in vitro toxicity assessments. In Chapter 3, we utilized an expanded panel of nZnO synthesized through wet chemical and high temperature methods, followed by thorough characterization to examine the importance of material property changes in NP-induced toxicity. We found our diverse set of nZnO displayed significant differences in surface reactivity, dissolution potential and cytotoxicity towards cancerous and primary T cells. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that the synthesis procedure conferred unique material properties, and can be a determinant of cellular cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we showed that attributing NP-induced toxicity to one specific material property is shortsighted and that complex interactions between these properties needs to be considered. Finally, Chapter 4 introduces future work dedicated to investigating transcriptome changes in cancerous and primary T cells exposed to nZnO. Both cell types demonstrated significant up- and down-regulation of genes in a dose-dependent manner. Many significant differentially expressed genes (SDEGs) corresponded to proteins involved in the sequestration and transport of ionic zinc confirming the importance of nZnO in the cytotoxic response. Additional analysis will focus on the importance of specific SDEGs involved in the regulation of oxidative stress pathways, cellular metabolism, inflammation, T cell activation, and protein misfolding in the NP-induced toxicity mechanism."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Download or read book Zinc Oxide written by Hadis Morkoç and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first systematic, authoritative and thorough treatment in one comprehensive volume presents the fundamentals and technologies of the topic, elucidating all aspects of ZnO materials and devices. Following an introduction, the authors look at the general properties of ZnO, as well as its growth, optical processes, doping and ZnO-based dilute magnetic semiconductors. Concluding sections treat bandgap engineering, processing and ZnO nanostructures and nanodevices. Of interest to device engineers, physicists, and semiconductor and solid state scientists in general.
Book Synopsis Toxic Effects of Nanomaterials by : Haseeb Ahmad Khan
Download or read book Toxic Effects of Nanomaterials written by Haseeb Ahmad Khan and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Toxic Effects of Nanomaterials provides an authoritative work of international experts in the field of nanotoxicology spanning 8 chapters. A key feature of the e-book is a broad coverage of phytotoxicity of nanoparticles, which is largely neglected in man"
Book Synopsis The ELSI Handbook of Nanotechnology by : Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Download or read book The ELSI Handbook of Nanotechnology written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook focuses on the recent advancements in Safety, Risk, Ethical Society and Legal Implications (ESLI) as well as its commercialization of nanotechnology, such as manufacturing. Nano is moving out of its relaxation phase of scientific route, and as new products go to market, organizations all over the world, as well as the general public, are discussing the environmental and health issues associated with nanotechnology. Nongovernmental science organizations have long since reacted; however, now the social sciences have begun to study the cultural portent of nanotechnology. Societal concerns and their newly constructed concepts, show nanoscience interconnected with the economy, ecology, health, and governance. This handbook addresses these new challenges and is divided into 7 sections: Nanomaterials and the Environment; Life Cycle Environmental Implications of Nanomanufacturing; Bioavailability and Toxicity of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Terrestrial Environments; Occupational Health Hazards of Nanoparticles; Ethical Issues in Nanotechnology; Commercialization of Nanotechnology; Legalization of Nanotechnology.
Book Synopsis Toxicity Assessment of Industrial- and Sunscreen-derived ZnO Nanoparticles by : Eleonora Spisni
Download or read book Toxicity Assessment of Industrial- and Sunscreen-derived ZnO Nanoparticles written by Eleonora Spisni and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the present case study is investigating the toxic effects derived from nanosized zinc oxide nanoparticles toward the marine life. In particular, the present study evaluates for the first time the growth inhibition induced by both industrial-derived and sunscreen self-extracted zinc oxide nanoparticles on the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. The experiments, performed at the Environmental Engineering Laboratory of the University of Miami, showed that the toxic effects induced by nano-ZnO were influenced by the type of nanoparticle, as well as their concentration in aqueous media and the exposure time. Specifically, smaller, industrial-derived nano-ZnO induced a greater growth inhibition compared to sunscreen-derived ones, especially at lower nanoparticle concentration in the aqueous media. This behavior might indicate that at higher nanoparticle concentration the toxicity is controlled by nanoparticle aggregation (regardless of nanoparticle size), whereas at lower nanoparticle concentration the toxicity is influenced by the nanoparticle size, as well as nanoparticle type and exposure time. The aim of the present case study is investigating the toxic effects derived from nanosized zinc oxide nanoparticles toward the marine life. In particular, the present study evaluates for the first time the growth inhibition induced by both industrial-derived and sunscreen self-extracted zinc oxide nanoparticles on the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. The experiments, performed at the Environmental Engineering Laboratory of the University of Miami, showed that the toxic effects induced by nano-ZnO were influenced by the type of nanoparticle, as well as their concentration in aqueous media and the exposure time. Specifically, smaller, industrial-derived nano-ZnO induced a greater growth inhibition compared to sunscreen-derived ones, especially at lower nanoparticle concentration in the aqueous media. This behavior might indicate that at higher nanoparticle concentration the toxicity is controlled by nanoparticle aggregation (regardless of nanoparticle size), whereas at lower nanoparticle concentration the toxicity is influenced by the nanoparticle size, as well as nanoparticle type and exposure time.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection by : Avinash P. Ingle
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection written by Avinash P. Ingle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the role of nanotechnology in promoting plant growth and protection through the management of microbial pathogens In Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection, distinguished researcher and author Dr. Avinash P. Ingle delivers a rigorous and insightful collection of some of the latest developments in nanotechnology particularly related to plant growth promotion and protection. The book focuses broadly on the role played by nanotechnology in growth promotion of plants and their protection through the management of different microbial pathogens. You’ll learn about a wide variety of topics, including the role of nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture, how nano-fertilizers behave as soil feed, and the dual role of nanoparticles in plant growth promotion and phytopathogen management. You’ll also discover why nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the current agricultural landscape through the development of nano-based products, like plant growth promoters, nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-insecticides. Find out why nano-based products promise to be a cost-effective, economically viable, and eco-friendly approach to tackling some of the most intractable problems in agriculture today. You’ll also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the prospects and impacts of using nanotechnology to promote the growth of plants and control plant diseases An exploration of the effects of titanium dioxide nanomaterials on plant growth and the emerging applications of zinc-based nanoparticles in plant growth promotion Practical discussions of nano-fertilizer in enhancing the production potentials of crops and the potential applications of nanotechnology in plant nutrition and protection for sustainable agriculture A concise treatment of nanotechnology in seed science and soil feed Toxicological concerns of nanomaterials used in agriculture Perfect for undergraduate, graduate, and research students of nanotechnology, agriculture, plant science, plant physiology, and crops, Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection will also earn a place in the libraries of professors and researchers in these areas, as well as regulators and policymakers.
Book Synopsis Toxicity of Nanomaterials by : Suresh C. Pillai
Download or read book Toxicity of Nanomaterials written by Suresh C. Pillai and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Choice Recommended Title, April 2020 This comprehensive book, edited by two leading experts in nanotechnology and bioengineering with contributions from a global team of specialists, provides a detailed overview of the environmental and health impacts associated with the toxicology of nanomaterials. Special attention is given to nanomaterial toxicity during synthesis, production and application, and chapters throughout are focused on key areas that are important for future research and development of nanomaterials. This book will be of interest to advanced students studying biomedical engineering and materials science, PhD researchers, post-docs and academics working in the area of nanotechnology, medicine, manufacturing and regulatory bodies. Features: Collates and critically evaluates various aspects of the toxicology of nanomaterials in one comprehensive text Discusses the various effects of nanocrystals including the morphologies on cytotoxicity, in addition to the environmental and cytotoxicity risks of graphene and 2D nanomaterials Explores practical methods of detection and quantification, with applications in the environmental and healthcare fields
Book Synopsis Nanomaterial Biointeractions at the Cellular, Organismal and System Levels by : Nilesh Sharma
Download or read book Nanomaterial Biointeractions at the Cellular, Organismal and System Levels written by Nilesh Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The range of nanomaterial applications has expanded recently from catalysis, electronics, and filtration to therapeutics, diagnostics, agriculture, and food because of unique properties and potentials of different nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Research shows that these exquisite particles can interact with an organism at the cellular, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. However, our knowledge of how they affect these changes, selectively or generally, in diverse organism or ecosystems is very limited and far from satisfactory. Data indicate that the biological function largely depends on the shape, size, and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles used besides life cycle stages of an organism. Therefore, this compilation will focus on the body of work carried out by distinguished investigators using diverse nanomaterials and plant and animal species. This book includes specific case studies as well as general review articles highlighting aspects of multilayered interactions, and targets not only research and academic scholars but also the concerned industry and policy makers as well.
