An Epidemiologic Investigation Of Health Effects In Air Force Personnel Following Exposure To Herbicides Volume 1

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An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume 1

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 334 pages
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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the results from an epidemiologic study to determine whether adverse health effects attributable to Herbicide Orange exist in Vietnam veterans who participated in Operation Ranch Hand. Data were analyzed for 12 clinical areas. The analysis focused on group differences between the exposed (Ranch Hand) and unexposed (Comparison) cohorts, as well as on the association of each health-related endpoint with extrapolated initial and current serum dioxin levels. Findings in this report reveal a consistent relationship between dioxin and body fat that was initially noted in the analysis of the 1987 examination results. Cholesterol and the cholesterol to HDL ratio were found to be associated with current serum dioxin levels. Evidence for a possible association between glucose intolerance, impaired insulin production, and dioxin exposure was revealed, but cause and effect remain to be established. Also revealed was a significant association between selected peripheral pulses and dioxin exposure, and a significant difference in self-perceived health status between Ranch Hands and Comparisons (although possible due to bias). Other health endpoints revealed no consistent patterns within or across clinical areas that were suggestive of health detriment due to dioxin exposure.

Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. First Followup Examination Results

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 633 pages
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Download or read book Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. First Followup Examination Results written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the results of the health assessment of the 1, 016 Ranch Hands and the 1,293 Comparisons who participated in the 1985 followup examination of the Air Force Health Study. The purpose of the study is to determine whether long-term health effects exist and can be attributed to occupational exposure to herbicides. The result show a subtle but consistent narrowing of medical differences between the two groups since the Baseline study in 1982; however, the Ranch Hands continue to manifest slightly more minor adverse health conditions than the Comparisons. Continued surveillance of these groups is indicated. The report concludes that there is not sufficient evidence to implicate a causal relationship between herbicide exposure and adverse health in the Ranch Hand group. Keywords: Health surveys; Epidemiologic investigation; Phenoxy herbicides; Herbicide orange; Dioxin; Air Force health study, Morbidity.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

Author : William H. Wolfe
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides by : William H. Wolfe

Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by William H. Wolfe and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume 2. First Followup Examination Results

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Author : G. D. Lathrop
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume 2. First Followup Examination Results by : G. D. Lathrop

Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume 2. First Followup Examination Results written by G. D. Lathrop and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represent the result of the health assessment of the 1,016 Ranch Hands and the 1,293 Comparisons who participated in the 1985 followup examination of the Air Force health Study. The purpose of the study is to determine whether long-term health effects exist and can be attributed to occupational exposure to herbicides. The results show a subtle but consistent narrowing of medical differences between the two groups since the Baseline study in 1982, however, the Ranch Hands continue to manifest slightly more minor adverse health conditions than the Comparisons. Continued surveillance of these groups is indicated. The report concludes that there is not sufficient evidence to implicate a causal relationship between herbicide exposure and adverse health in the Ranch Hand group. Keywords: Epidemiologic investigation, Phenoxy herbicides, Herbicide orange, Dioxin, Morbidity, Health surveys, Air Force health study.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In humans, there is no evidence that the kidneys are target organs for 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, or dioxin) toxicity. Although renal excretion of phenoxy herbicides (TCDD and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-1) has been well established in animals (1) and humans (2,3), more recent studies indicate that it may be of secondary importance to intestinal elimination (4,5). Several studies have focused on the renal sequelae of chlorophenol toxicity in laboratory animals. Rats exposed to dichiorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) by cutaneous application were noted to have an increase in renal weight but no histologic changes despite the development of a wasting syndrome (6). In contrast, in a study of TCDD toxicity in guinea pigs, a decrease in kidney weight was noted relative to controls, and histopathologic examination revealed focal nimeralization changes in the renal parenchyma (7). Renal anomalies including hydronephrosis in mice (8-10) and hamsters (11) occurred after maternal TCDD exposure at toxic levels. In one study, these effects were limited to an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor-responsive strain (10). Because the doses of phenoxy herbicides used in these experiments were extreme by any measure of reported human exposure and because routes of administrations were not comparable, the relevance of these and other animal studies to dioxin toxicity in humans is not established. Renal and urinary tract disease have received relatively linle emphasis in morbidity studies of humans exposed to phenoxy herbicides, although an isolated case of hemorrhagic cystitis occurred in a child exposed to high concentrations of TCDD in soil (12). Acute renal failure also has been reported in cases of extreme phenoxy herbicide (though not TCDD) toxicity in man, though the mechanism appears to be secondary to rhabdomyolysis rather than to a direct nephrotoxic ef.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume I: 1997 Follow-up Examination Results

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Volume I: 1997 Follow-up Examination Results written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes results from the Air Force Health Study (AFHS). The AFHS is an epidemiological study to determine whether adverse health effects attributable to exposure to herbicides exist in veterans of Operation Ranch Hand Operation. Ranch Hand was the unit responsible for the aerial spraying of herbicides, including Herbicide Orange, in Vietnam from 1961 to 1971. A Comparison cohort comprised Air Force veterans who served in Southeast Asia during the same time period that the Ranch Hand unit was active and who were not involved with spraying herbicides. The summarized data were collected during a physical examination administered between May 1997 and April l998. Of 1,149 eligible Ranch Hands, 870 (73.7%) participated and of 1,761 eligible Comparisons, 1,151(71.0%) participated. Statistical analyses assessed differences between Ranch Hands and Comparisons and associations between health-related endpoints and extrapolated initial dioxin, dioxin exposure category (Comparisons, background Ranch Hands, low Ranch Hands, high Ranch Hands), and dioxin measured in 1987. The study has insufficient statistical power to assess increases in the risk of rare diseases, such as soft tissue sarcoma. Diabetes and cardiovascular abnormalities represent the most important dioxin related health problems seen. From a public health perspective, these two areas demand the greatest attention.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (213 download)

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An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite conclusive evidence that chiorophenols are potent carcinogens in laboratory animals, the carcinogenicity of dioxin in humans remains controversial. Traditional difficulties in extrapolating animal data to humans have limited the applicability and relevance of much of the experimental work. Numerous long-term exposure studies have established the carcinogenicity of 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, or dioxin) in rats (1,2), mice (3-5), and hamsters (6). The consensus of most research is that TCDD is only weakly mutagenic and does not covalenfly bind to DNA or cause it to initiate repair synthesis, but that it does behave as a strong tumor promoter at the cellular level (7). The oncogemc response to TCDD in animals has been shown repeatedly to depend upon the age, sex, and strain of species as well as the dose and route of administration (8-10). In varying doses and routes of administration, TCDD has produced malignant neoplasms at multiple sites in rats (lung, oropharyngeal, thyroid, adrenal, and liver) (2,3), in mice (thyroid, thymus, connective tissue, and liver) (3), and in hamsters (cutaneous) (6). As summarized in detail in a recent review article (11), much of the basic research into the carcinogenicity of TCDD in laboratory animals has focused on the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor and the induction of the cytochrome PASO enyyme system (12-16). Though the Ah receptor has been isolated from the tissue of several human organs (e.g., liver, colon, tonsils) (17-22), the relevance of these observations to dioxin toxicity remains to be proven (23).

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the many chemical compounds known to cause immune system dysfunction in laboratory animals, the polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons have been the most extensively studied and, among these, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, or dioxin) has proven to be the most toxic. Since the early 1970s, when TCDD was shown to cause marked involution of the thymus gland in numerous experimental animals (1A), an extensive body of literature pertinent to TCDD-induced immunotoxicity has been summarized in the recent comprehensive review article by Holsapple and colleagues (5). 1 laboratory animals, TCDD has proven to have a wide range of toxic effects on all components of the immune system including the following: * Compromised cell mediated (6,7) and humoral (8-10) immune function * Impaired myelo-(1 1,12) and lymphoproliferative (11,13-15) responses * Suppressed complement activity (16,17) * Compromised host resistance to bacterial (8,11,17-19), parasitic (20), and viral (19,21) infections. In an attempt to provide data more relevant to humans, two laboratories have conducted experiments into the effects of TCDD on numerous immunologic indices in marrnoset (22-24) and rhesus monkeys (25). These studies, carried out in vitro in lymphocyte cell cultures and in vivo with single dose injections of TCDD in various concentrations, have yielded inconsistent results that in many cases do not fit a typical dose-response pattern. The relevance of these acute phase studies to the long term occupational exposure more typical in humans remains to be proven. In none of the in vivo studies have the animals shown evidence of overt illness.

Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Download or read book Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the results of the serum dioxin analysis of the Air Force Health Study 1987 examination cycle. Its purpose is to determine whether long-term health effects are associated with serum dioxin levels for the participants in the study. For each health effect variable, analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships with initial serum dioxin (extrapolated from a first-order pharmacokinetics model); current serum dioxin and time since tour; and categorized current dioxin levels (providing contrasts of Ranch Hands with specified current dioxin levels versus Comparisons with background levels). Significant associations between serum dioxin and several lipid-related health indices were found in these analyses. Specifically, significant associations with dioxin were found for diabetes, percent body fat, cholesterol. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and cholesterol-HDL ratio. Other variables, such as the spirometric indices in the pulmonary assessment and benign systemic neoplasms (over 70% were lipomas) in the malignancy assessment, showed significant associations that may be related to the body fat results. Partial contents: Dioxin assay; Relationship between the exposure index and dioxin body burdens in Ranch Hands; Statistical methods; Covariate associations; and General health assessment.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

Author : USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. Epidemiology Division
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides by : USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. Epidemiology Division

Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. Epidemiology Division and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides by :

Download or read book Air Force Health Study. An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In general, results of the analyses of the verified psychological disorders, reported sleep disorders, and the SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist-90- Revised) variables did not reveal significant associations with initial dioxin or current dioxin and time since tour or find significant differences among the four current dioxin categories. In contrast, several of the analyses of the MCMI (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory) variables displayed significant results. However, there was lack of consistency across similar variables included in the SCL-90-R, MCMI, and reported information. Additionally, the continuous scale of the MCMI variables allowed for a greater ability to detect small differences in the mean MCMI scores than the capability of the discrete analyses of the other three psychological abnormalities. In conclusion, the body burden of dioxin does not appear to be related to psychological or psychophysiological disorders.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (458 download)

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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report summarizes results from the Air Force Health Study (AFHS). The AFHS is an epidemiological study to determine whether adverse health effects attributable to exposure to herbicides exist in veterans of Operation Ranch Hand. Operation Ranch Hand was the unit responsible for the aerial spraying of herbicides, including Herbicide Orange, in Vietnam from 1961 to 1971. A Comparison cohort comprised Air Force veterans who served in Southeast Asia during the same time period that the Ranch Hand unit was active and who were not involved with spraying herbicides. The summarized data were collected during a physical examination administered between May 1997 and April 1998. Of 1,149 eligible Ranch Hands, 870 (75.7%) participated and of 1,761 eligible Comparisons, 1,251 (71.0%) participated. Statistical analyses assessed differences between Ranch Hands and Comparisons and associations between health-related endpoints and extrapolated initial dioxin, dioxin exposure category (Comparisons, background Ranch Hands, low Ranch Hands, high Ranch Hands), and dioxin measured in 1987. The study has insufficient statistical power to assess increases in the risk of rare diseases, such as soft tissue sarcoma. Diabetes and cardiovascular abnormalities represent the most important dioxin-related health problems seen. From a public health perspective, these two areas demand the greatest attention."--Abstract.

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides

Author : Joel E. Michalek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides by : Joel E. Michalek

Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides written by Joel E. Michalek and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Mortality Update - 1989

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Download or read book An Epidemiologic Investigation of Health Effects in Air Force Personnel Following Exposure to Herbicides. Mortality Update - 1989 written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the Air Force Health Study is to determine whether those individuals involved in the spraying of herbicides in Vietnam during the Ranch Hand operation have experienced any adverse health effects as a result of their participation in that program. The study is designed to evaluate both the mortality (death) and morbidity (disease) in these individuals over a 20-year period beginning in 1982. The Baseline Mortality Report was released in June 1983, the Baseline Morbidity Report in February 1984. Follow-up mortality reports were released in 1984, 1985, and 1986. This study has not demonstrated health effects which can be conclusively attributed the overall cumulative mortality of the Ranch Hands remains statistically indistinguishable from that of both their matched Comparisons and the entire Comparison population, although there is a statistically significant increasing trend in post-1983 death rates among Ranch Hand flying officers and statistically significant increase in Ranch hand digestive system deaths relative to the Comparison population; These findings are not suggestive of a herbicide effect. Ranch Hands are equivalent to all Comparisons in cumulative accidental malignant neoplasm and circulatory system mortality. Keywords: Epidemiology, Toxicity.