An Emerging China - Russia Axis? Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition - Current Sino-Russian Cooperation, Limits and Barriers, Risks in Asia, Middle East, and Arctic

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ISBN 13 : 9781079711691
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis An Emerging China - Russia Axis? Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition - Current Sino-Russian Cooperation, Limits and Barriers, Risks in Asia, Middle East, and Arctic by : Senate of the United States of America

Download or read book An Emerging China - Russia Axis? Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition - Current Sino-Russian Cooperation, Limits and Barriers, Risks in Asia, Middle East, and Arctic written by Senate of the United States of America and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important report compilation contains the testimony of nine renowned experts on an emerging China-Russia axis at a Senate hearing in March 2019. This hearing explored the China-Russia relationship and its implications for U.S. national security interests. The first panel examined areas of strategic, military, and economic cooperation between China and Russia, and the second panel assessed the potential limits and barriers to cooperation in these areas. The third panel examined current and future China-Russia interaction in Central Asia, the Middle East, and the Arctic.Panel I: Ties that Bind: Current Areas of Sino-Russian Cooperation * 1. Robert Sutter, Ph.D. Professor of Practice of International Affairs, Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University * 2. Richard Weitz, Ph.D. Senior Fellow, Director of Center for Political-Military Analysis, Hudson Institute * 3. Erica Downs, Ph.D. Senior Research Scientist, CNA; Non-Resident Fellow, Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University * Panel II: Friction and Barriers: Limits to Sino-Russian Cooperation * 4. Jeanne Wilson, Ph.D. Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of Russian Studies, Chair of Political Science Department, Wheaton College * 5. Stephen Blank, Ph.D. Senior Fellow for Russia, American Foreign Policy Council * 6. Pranay Vaddi, J.D., Fellow, Nuclear Policy Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace * Panel III: Challenging Futures: Risks and Opportunities in Central Asia and Afghanistan, the Middle East, and the Arctic * 7. Marlene Laruelle, Ph.D. Director of Central Asia Program and Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies, George Washington University167 * 8. Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Ph.D. Senior Fellow, Director of Transatlantic Security Program, Center for a New American Security * 9. Rebecca Pincus, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Strategic and Operational Research Department, U.S. Naval War CollegeExcerpts: It was not until after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 that the new and ostensibly democratic Russian Federation and a China weakened by the post-Tiananmen Square massacre fallout, took constructive steps to restore normal bilateral relations. In 2001, Beijing and Moscow signed a 20-year Friendship Treaty that helped the two sides shelve differences and expand cooperation. Notably, the two countries also finally settled their lingering border disputes, resolving a long-standing strain in the relationship. Since then, three key developments have accelerated the growing alignment between China and Russia. First, the 2008 global financial crisis created a strategic opportunity for Beijing and Moscow in light of their common perception of U.S. decline and the dangers of over-reliance on the West to deepen cooperation. As European banks were unable to bail out major Russian energy firms in financial trouble, Chinese lenders stepped in to provide these companies long-term loans, fostering growing energy ties. Second, the rise to power of Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2012 to 2013 and return of office of Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2012 invigorated China and Russia's growing alignment. The authoritarian tendencies and shared world views of the two leaders have helped improve bilateral coordination while managing their differences. And finally, Western sanctions on Russia after its 2014 annexation of Crimea led Moscow, increasingly isolated from the United States and the West, to significantly strengthen its engagement with Beijing.

Axis of Authoritarians: Implications of China-Russia Cooperation

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ISBN 13 : 9781939131560
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Axis of Authoritarians: Implications of China-Russia Cooperation by : Richard J. Ellings

Download or read book Axis of Authoritarians: Implications of China-Russia Cooperation written by Richard J. Ellings and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, relations between China and Russia have grown closer in ways that pose significant challenges for the United States and its allies and partners. Recently, as Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin have consolidated power, the two leaders have cultivated a strategic axis that, while not a formal alliance, aims to undermine the United States and other liberal nations while expanding Chinese and Russian influence abroad. In this volume, leading U.S. experts explore the contours of this emergent axis of authoritarians in multiple domains and consider policy options for the United States to strengthen its position and defend its interests.

The Limits of Sino-Russian Strategic Partnership

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136046720
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Sino-Russian Strategic Partnership by : Jennifer Anderson

Download or read book The Limits of Sino-Russian Strategic Partnership written by Jennifer Anderson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia and China claim to have established a "strategic partnership". Jennifer Anderson argues that this relationship merely overlays a diplomatic agenda established in the late 1980s, and that China's pragmatic, limited approach (coupled with Russia's domestic economic and political difficulties) have meant that the Sino-Russian strategic partnership is unwieldy and imprecise.

Axis of a Uthoritarians

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ISBN 13 : 9781939131553
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Axis of a Uthoritarians by : Richard J. Ellings

Download or read book Axis of a Uthoritarians written by Richard J. Ellings and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Axis of Convenience

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815701462
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Axis of Convenience by : Bobo Lo

Download or read book Axis of Convenience written by Bobo Lo and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few relationships have been as misunderstood as the "strategic partnership" between Russia and China. Official rhetoric portrays it as the very model of international cooperation: Moscow and Beijing claim that ties are closer and warmer than at any time in history. In reality, however, the picture is highly ambiguous. While both sides are committed to multifaceted engagement, cooperation is complicated by historical suspicions, cultural prejudices, geopolitical rivalries, and competing priorities. For Russia, China is at once the focus of a genuine convergence of interests and the greatest long-term threat to its national security. For China, Russia is a key supplier of energy and weapons, but is frequently dismissed as a self-important power whose rhetoric far outstrips its real influence. A xis of Convenience cuts through the mythmaking and examines the Sino-Russian partnership on its own merits. It steers between the overblown interpretation of an anti-Western (particularly, anti-American) alliance and the complacent assumption that past animosities and competing agendas must always divide the two nations. Their relationship reflects a new geopolitics, one that eschews formal alliances in favor of more flexible and opportunistic arrangements. Ultimately, it is an axis of convenience driven by cold-eyed perceptions of the national interest. In evaluating the current state and future prospects of the relationship, Bobo Lo assesses its impact on the evolving strategic environments in Central and East Asia. He also analyzes the global implications of rapprochement between Moscow and Beijing, focusing in particular on the geopolitics of energy and Russia-China-U.S. triangularism.

Global Trends 2040

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Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

United States Posture in Consideration of a Sino-Russian Alliance - History of Russian-Chinese Relations, Influence of Putin and Jinping, Russia's Europeanness and China's Asian Influence

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ISBN 13 : 9781703445718
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (457 download)

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Book Synopsis United States Posture in Consideration of a Sino-Russian Alliance - History of Russian-Chinese Relations, Influence of Putin and Jinping, Russia's Europeanness and China's Asian Influence by : U S Military

Download or read book United States Posture in Consideration of a Sino-Russian Alliance - History of Russian-Chinese Relations, Influence of Putin and Jinping, Russia's Europeanness and China's Asian Influence written by U S Military and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between China and Russia has varied from peace to conflict throughout the course of their history. However, since 1991 following the fall of the Soviet Union, as each nation sought for global relevance, Sino-Russian interactions have increased and relations have improved in a consistent upswing. Together, these nations are shaping a modern strategic partnership that is quickly shifting into a bona fide alliance with substantial regional influence in Asia, Africa, Eurasia, and the Middle East. The United States recognized the competitive and ideologically aligned spirit of these noted great powers in the 2017 National Security Strategy, posturing a whole-of-society approach towards protecting U.S. national security and interests. While presenting the historical relevance of their relationships and the importance of leadership to envision and drive a strategic direction, this monograph posits that the United States should actively posture itself by advancing democracy, supporting and strengthening partnerships, and employing instruments of power in an effort to stymie authoritarian influence and desires to shift the international order.This compilation also includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.1. Introduction * 2. Part I. Significant History of Sino-Russian Relations * Asymmetrical Win-Win: The 17th and 18th Centuries * Ideological Influence and Diversion: 1917-1979 * Rapprochement: 1989-2001 * The New Era: Shaping a Modern Sino-Russian Alliance * Shaping a Sustained Partnership: The Influence of Putin and Jinping * 3. Part II. Managing the Sino-Russian Alliance * Sustain and Strengthen International Influence * Secure Existing Partnerships and Agreements * Maximize Russia's Europeanness * Minimize China's Asian Influence * 4. ConclusionThe present Sino-Russian strategic partnership is fastened together by shared authoritarian ideology, and diplomatic and security agreements in place since the fall of the Soviet Union. Such a partnership aims at significantly weakening U.S. influence while exerting control and dominance globally. Specifically, recent events such as agreement between Russia and China on military partnership, development and use of nuclear weapons, economic and trade agreements, renewed diplomatic relationships, agreement and defense of positions within the UN Security Council (UNSC), and each state's growing influence within their respective regions are factors that signal strengthening toward an alliance. Given the aggression and tenacity of Sino-Russian relations, absent appropriate economic, political, diplomatic, and military posture and response, U.S. influence will diminish globally among allies and partners as China and Russia strengthen their partnership to form an alliance and garner greater strategic geographical influence.

Hearing on "An Emerging China-Russia Axis?: Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition".

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Hearing on "An Emerging China-Russia Axis?: Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition". by : Andrea Kendall-Taylor

Download or read book Hearing on "An Emerging China-Russia Axis?: Implications for the United States in an Era of Strategic Competition". written by Andrea Kendall-Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Renewed Great Power Competition

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ISBN 13 : 9781688018983
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Renewed Great Power Competition by : Ronald O'Rourke

Download or read book Renewed Great Power Competition written by Ronald O'Rourke and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World events in recent years have led observers, particularly since late 2013, to conclude that the international security environment in recent years has undergone a shift from the post-Cold War era that began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, also sometimes known as the unipolar moment (with the United States as the unipolar power), to a new and different situation that features, among other things, renewed great power competition with China and Russia and challenges by these two countries and others to elements of the U.S.-led international order that has operated since World War II. The shift to renewed great power competition has become a major factor in the debate over future U.S. defense spending levels, and has led to new or renewed emphasis on the following in discussions of U.S. defense strategy, plans, and programs: * grand strategy and geopolitics as part of the context for discussing U.S. defense budgets, plans, and programs; * nuclear weapons and nuclear deterrence;* new U.S. military service operational concepts;* U.S. and NATO military capabilities in Europe;* capabilities for conducting so-called high-end conventional warfare (i.e., largescale, high-intensity, technologically sophisticated warfare) against countries such as China and Russia; * maintaining U.S. technological superiority in conventional weapons;* speed of weapon system development and deployment as a measure of merit in defense acquisition policy;* mobilization capabilities for an extended-length large-scale conflict against an adversary such as China or Russia;* minimizing reliance in U.S. military systems on components and materials from Russia and China; and* capabilities for countering so-called hybrid warfare and gray-zone tactics employed by countries such as Russia and China.

China, Russia, and Twenty-First Century Global Geopolitics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191030201
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis China, Russia, and Twenty-First Century Global Geopolitics by : Paul J. Bolt

Download or read book China, Russia, and Twenty-First Century Global Geopolitics written by Paul J. Bolt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the Chinese-Russian bilateral relationship, grounded in a historical perspective, and discusses the implications of the burgeoning 'strategic partnership' between these two major powers for world order and global geopolitics. The volume compares the national worldviews, priorities, and strategic visions for the Chinese and Russian leadership, examining several aspects of the relationship in detail. The energy trade is the most important component of economic ties, although both sides desire to broaden trade and investments. In the military realm, Russia sells advanced arms to China, and the two countries engage in regular joint exercises. Diplomatically, these two Eurasian powers take similar approaches to conflicts in Ukraine and Syria, and also cooperate on non-traditional security issues including preventing coloured revolutions, cyber management, and terrorism. These issue areas illustrate four themes. Russia and China have common interests that cement their partnership, including security, protecting authoritarian institutions, and re-shaping aspects of the global order. They are key players not only influencing regional issues, but also international norms and institutions. The Sino-Russian partnership presents a potential counterbalance to the United States and democratic nations in shaping the contemporary and emerging geopolitical landscape. Nevertheless, the West is still an important partner for China and Russia. Both seek better relations with the West, but on the basis of 'mutual respect' and 'equality'. Lastly, Russia and China have frictions in their relationship, and not all of their interests overlap. The Sino-Russian relationship has gained considerable momentum, particularly since 2014 as Moscow turned to Beijing attempting to offset tensions with the West in the aftermath of Russia's annexation of Crimea and intervention in Ukraine. However, so far, China and Russia describe their relationship as a comprehensive 'strategic partnership', but they are not 'allies'.

Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split

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ISBN 13 : 9781520878850
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split by : U. S. Military

Download or read book Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-03-19 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the United States pivots toward Asia, U.S. national security professionals must include Russia and Sino-Russian relations as a vital part of any strategy to manage China. In January 2012, the United States announced a strategic shift towards the Asia-Pacific because U.S. economic and security interests are increasingly linked to developments in Asia. In the twenty years since the collapse of Soviet Communism, U.S. strategy in Asia increasingly focused on the rise of the People's Republic of China (PRC). However, the US failed to include another major country in Asia, Russia. America placed Russia and China into two separate strategies for Europe and Asia respectively. The US intended to separate China and Russia but instead, Beijing and Moscow have substantially improved relations over the past twenty years and entered a new strategic partnership. Analysts now predict that China and Russia will form a future strategic alliance and the United States will fight a future war against a Chinese-Russian bloc. Sino-Russian relations, past and present, are an important feature of major power relations in Asia. China and Russia have maintained tense relations throughout their history, but seized opportunities to form strategic partnerships when their interests aligned. During the Cold War, Moscow and Beijing formed a Sino-Soviet alliance that significantly complicated U.S. strategy in Asia. The United States learned to manage the US-China-Russia triangular relationship as part of U.S. Cold War strategy. After the Sino-Soviet split, the US made a major foreign policy reversal improving relations with China as a strategic counterweight against the Soviet Union. While China and Russia develop their new "strategic partnership," American foreign policymakers ought to rediscover the importance of Sino-Russian relations. Conclusion: The United States successfully managed US-China-Russia relations during the Cold War. However, since the end of the Cold War, the US has ignored Russia's role as an Asian power leaving Moscow out of U.S. strategy for the Asia-Pacific. Instead, the US pursued two separate and disconnected strategies; one isolated Russia in Europe while the other contained China in Asia. All the while, China and Russia drifted away from America and toward each other as they developed a new strategic partnership. Today, Beijing and Moscow yield significant global influence through the current strategic partnership. In the future, China and Russia could transform their partnership into an alliance, threatening U.S. interests in the region. The US intends to counter the rise of China by making a strategic pivot towards the Asia-Pacific. Going forward, American policymakers and strategists must recognize that Sino-Russian relations, past and present, are an essential aspect of dealing with China.

China-Russia Cooperation

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Publisher : RAND Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9781977404404
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis China-Russia Cooperation by : Andrew Radin

Download or read book China-Russia Cooperation written by Andrew Radin and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China and Russia are perceived as major, long-term competitors with the United States. Since 2014, China and Russia have strengthened their relationship, increasing political, military, and economic cooperation. In this report, the authors seek to understand the history of cooperation between Beijing and Moscow, the drivers of and constraints on the relationship, the potential future of cooperation between China and Russia, the impact of the Chinese-Russian relationship on the United States, and implications for future U.S. policy. The authors find that the main motivations for closer 21st century cooperation between China and Russia are the declining relative power of the United States and the persistent perceived threat from the United States to both China and Russia. If current trends continue, the authors expect the collaborative relationship between China and Russia to be sustained. Absent major (and likely undesirable) changes in U.S. policy, there is little the U.S. government or Army can do to influence the trajectory of the China-Russia relationship. The U.S. military can prepare for the results of greater Sino-Russian cooperation, including by expecting further diffusion of Chinese and Russian military equipment, additional joint planning and exercises, potential joint basing, and eventually the possibility of joint military operations.--page 4 of cover.

Cooperation and Competition

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Cooperation and Competition by : Paul Stronski

Download or read book Cooperation and Competition written by Paul Stronski and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the collapse of Russia’s relationship with the West over Ukraine, the Sino-Russian strategic partnership has become more of a reality. Russia and China share a common desire to challenge principles of the Western-dominated international system. But their relationship is complex, with lingering mistrust on both sides. e balance of competition and cooperation is most evident in Central Asia, the Russian Far East, and the Arctic. Engagement in these theaters has tested Russia’s and China’s abilities to manage their differences and translate the rhetoric of partnership into tangible gains.

Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781511635660
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split by : United States Marine Corps Command and S

Download or read book Modern Day Sino-Soviet Split written by United States Marine Corps Command and S and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of the Cold War, the US has ignored Russia's role as an Asian power leaving. Moscow out of U.S. strategy for the Asia-Pacific. Instead, the US pursued two separate and disconnected strategies; one isolated Russia in Europe while the other contained China in Asia, All the while, China and Russia drifted away from America and toward each other as they developed a new strategic partnership. Today, Beijing and Moscow yield significant global influence through the current strategic partnership. In the future, China and Russia could transform their partnership.into an alliance, threatening.U.S. interests i1,1the region. _The_US _intends to countertenor rise of_China by making a strategic pivot towards the Asia-Pacific. Going forward, American policymakers and strategists must recognize that Sino-Russian relations, past and present, are an essential aspect of dealing with China.

China-Russia Security Relations

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ISBN 13 : 9781461082576
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis China-Russia Security Relations by : Richard Weitz

Download or read book China-Russia Security Relations written by Richard Weitz and published by . This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of the Cold War, the improved political and economic relationship between Beijing and Moscow has affected a range of international security issues. China and Russia have expanded their bilateral economic and security cooperation. In addition, Beijing and Moscow have pursued distinct, yet parallel, policies regarding many global and regional issues. Yet, Chinese and Russian approaches to a range of significant subjects are still largely uncoordinated and at times conflict. Economic exchanges between China and Russia remain minimal compared to those found between most friendly countries, let alone allies. Although stronger Chinese-Russian ties could present greater challenges to other states (e.g., the establishment of a Beijing-Moscow condominium over Central Asia), several factors make it unlikely that the two countries will form such a bloc. Unlike during the Cold War, China and Russia no longer fear engaging in a shooting war. For example, the two countries have largely accepted their common border. Yet, tensions persist due to illegal Chinese immigration into Russia, as well the inability of Chinese authorities to halt the spillover of pollution from China into Russia. In particular, Russians worry about the long-term implications of China's exploding population for Russia's demographically and economically stagnant eastern regions, a situation some Russian leaders already consider to be a major security threat. In some respects, China and Russia should be natural energy partners. Chinese energy demand is soaring, and Russia's oil and gas deposits lie much closer to China than the more distant energy sources Africa and the Persian Gulf. Nonetheless, economic and political differences relating to their energy security have continually divided the two countries, reducing the prospects for creating an exclusive energy bloc in Eurasia. For over a decade, Russian military exports to China have constituted the most important dimension of the two countries' security relationship. Russian firms have derived substantial revenue from the sales, which also helped sustain Russia's military industrial complex during the lean years of the 1990s. China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) was able to acquire advanced conventional weapons that Chinese firms could not yet manufacture. This situation is changing. The Chinese defense industry has become capable of producing much more sophisticated armaments. Moscow confronts the choice of either seeing its Chinese market decrease dramatically or agreeing to sell even more advanced weapons to Beijing with the risk of destabilizing military force balances in East Asia. In their public rhetoric, Chinese and Russian leaders appear the best of friends. They speak as if they share a comprehensive vision of the direction in which they want the world to evolve over the next few years. Their joint statements call for a multi-polar international system in which the United Nations and international law determine decisions regarding the possible use of force. Chinese and Russian government representatives also stress traditional interpretations of national sovereignty rather than the promotion of universal democratic values or other ideologies. Yet, Beijing and Moscow continue to differ on important global issues, including ballistic missile defense (BMD) and military operations in space.

Sino-Russian Relations and the Implications for the Economic Development of Northeast Asia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Sino-Russian Relations and the Implications for the Economic Development of Northeast Asia by : Jesse R. Long

Download or read book Sino-Russian Relations and the Implications for the Economic Development of Northeast Asia written by Jesse R. Long and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

China's Belt and Road: A Game Changer?

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Publisher : Edizioni Epoké
ISBN 13 : 8899647631
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Belt and Road: A Game Changer? by : Alessia Amighini (a cura di)

Download or read book China's Belt and Road: A Game Changer? written by Alessia Amighini (a cura di) and published by Edizioni Epoké. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Officially announced by Xi Jinping in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has since become the centrepiece of China’s economic diplomacy. It is a commitment to ease bottlenecks to Eurasian trade by improving and building networks of connectivity across Central and Western Asia, where the BRI aims to act as a bond for the projects of regional cooperation and integration already in progress in Southern Asia. But it also reaches out to the Middle East as well as East and North Africa, a truly strategic area where the Belt joins the Road. Europe, the end-point of the New Silk Roads, both by land and by sea, is the ultimate geographic destination and political partner in the BRI. This report provides an in-depth analysis of the BRI, its logic, rationale and implications for international economic and political relations.