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An Economic Evaluation Of Tax System Of The Peoples Republic Of China
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Book Synopsis An Economic Evaluation of Tax System of the People's Republic of China by : Yutong Zhang
Download or read book An Economic Evaluation of Tax System of the People's Republic of China written by Yutong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis People’s Republic of China by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book People’s Republic of China written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Technical Assistance report presents an international perspective on the employment impact of tax policy, and develops recommendations considering the background in the People’s Republic of China. This report discusses the impact of tax policy including social security contributions on employment in China that covers both the taxation of employed labor and small- and medium-sized enterprises. The findings draw on economic theory, international experiences, as well as discussions with Chinese authorities during a workshop in Yangzhou and meetings in Beijing. The personal income tax on wages is low, but the tax wedge, which includes social security contributions, is high and follows an unsteady pattern, rising, falling, and again rising. The taxation of labor differs strongly by type and location of employment. The schedular system of the personal income tax means that labor taxes differ depending on the category into which income falls. Small businesses are offered some simplifications but are likely to still face disproportionally greater compliance costs.
Book Synopsis People’s Republic of China by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book People’s Republic of China written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Technical Assistance report presents an international perspective on the employment impact of tax policy, and develops recommendations considering the background in the People’s Republic of China. This report discusses the impact of tax policy including social security contributions on employment in China that covers both the taxation of employed labor and small- and medium-sized enterprises. The findings draw on economic theory, international experiences, as well as discussions with Chinese authorities during a workshop in Yangzhou and meetings in Beijing. The personal income tax on wages is low, but the tax wedge, which includes social security contributions, is high and follows an unsteady pattern, rising, falling, and again rising. The taxation of labor differs strongly by type and location of employment. The schedular system of the personal income tax means that labor taxes differ depending on the category into which income falls. Small businesses are offered some simplifications but are likely to still face disproportionally greater compliance costs.
Book Synopsis Taxation in the People's Republic of China by : Jinyan Li
Download or read book Taxation in the People's Republic of China written by Jinyan Li and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1991-06-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although considerable information about China's tax policies on foreign investment have been made available in the West, this book is the first to provide a comprehensive treatment of China's domestic system of taxation. It offers an authoritative analysis of each type of taxation and the tax system as a whole, within the broader context of the nation's economic and fiscal structure. Written by one of the foremost authorities on the subject, it benefits from the author's access to important Chinese materials as well as personal contacts with Chinese government officials and Western lawyers and businessmen working in China. Tracing the evolution of taxation in China from the early feudal period to the present, the author reviews the long history of various forms of taxation, some of which have been in existence for thousands of years. Jinyan Li next looks at the use of taxation as an instrument of the socialist economy in the years immediately following the Communist revolution, during the period of closed central planning, and in the recent movement toward an open market economy. Current tax policy is analyzed in six chapters, each dealing with a specific form of taxation. Throughout the book, the author explores the relationship of tax policy to other aspects of the Chinese economy, including economic planning, price and wage policies, the state budget and financial system, and government policies regarding property ownership and private enterprise. This book will be an important information source for scholars, students, and tax lawyers concerned with socialist fiscal policy and China's current economic reforms.
Book Synopsis Tax Administration Reform in China by : John Brondolo
Download or read book Tax Administration Reform in China written by John Brondolo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax administration improvements have contributed significantly to a doubling of China’s tax-to-GDP ratio and the substantial reduction in taxpayers’ compliance costs since the mid-1990s. This paper describes the key features of China’s tax administration and their evolution over the last 20 years. It also identifes emerging challenges to the tax system and areas where further tax administration improvements are needed to sustain tax revenue and reduce taxpayers’ compliance costs in the future.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to China's Taxation by : Yang Hong
Download or read book An Introduction to China's Taxation written by Yang Hong and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excellent introductory book, tailor-made for executives, practitioners and professionals who want to understand the tax system of China aims to provide a comprehensive explanation and analysis covering the latest changes in China's tax system.
Download or read book Taxing Wages 2021 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This annual publication provides details of taxes paid on wages in OECD countries. It covers personal income taxes and social security contributions paid by employees, social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by employers, and cash benefits received by workers. Taxing Wages 2021 includes a special feature entitled: “Impact of COVID-19 on the Tax Wedge in OECD Countries”.
Book Synopsis Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies by : Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra
Download or read book Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies written by Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past two decades and is on the brink of eradicating poverty. However, income inequality increased sharply from the early 1980s and rendered China among the most unequal countries in the world. This trend has started to reverse as China has experienced a modest decline in inequality since 2008. This paper identifies various drivers behind these trends – including structural changes such as urbanization and aging and, more recently, policy initiatives to combat it. It finds that policies will need to play an important role in curbing inequality in the future, as projected structural trends will put further strain on equity considerations. In particular, fiscal policy reforms have the potential to enhance inclusiveness and equity, both on the tax and expenditure side.
Book Synopsis Chinese Tax Law and International Treaties by : Lorenzo Riccardi
Download or read book Chinese Tax Law and International Treaties written by Lorenzo Riccardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The People’s Republic of China’s tax policies and international obligations are as multifaceted and dynamic as they are complex, developing closely with the nation’s rise to the world’s fastest-growing major economy. Today, after decades of reform and the entry into the World Trade Organization, China has developed regulatory systems that enable it to provide stable administration, including a tax structure. China’s main tax reform can be attributed to the enactment of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, which came into effect on January 1, 2008. Chinese tax regulations include direct taxes, indirect taxes, other taxes, and custom duties and from a collection point of view, China’s tax administration adopts a very devolved system, with revenue collected and shared between different levels of government in accordance with contracts between the different levels of the tax administration system. With respect to international treaties, China has established a network of bilateral tax treaties and regional free trade agreements. This publication describes in detail China’s complex tax system and policies, as well as major bilateral treaties in which China has entered into using country-by-country analysis. Lorenzo Riccardi is Tax Advisor and Certified Public Accountant specialized in international taxation. He is based in Shanghai, where he focuses on business and tax law, assisting foreign investments in East Asia. He is an auditor and an advisor for several corporate groups and he is partner and Head of Tax of the consulting firm GWA, specializing in emerging markets.
Author :Congressional Research Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781976466953 Total Pages :52 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (669 download)
Book Synopsis China's Economic Rise by : Congressional Research Service
Download or read book China's Economic Rise written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.
Book Synopsis Consumption Tax Trends 2012 VAT/GST and Excise Rates, Trends and Administration Issues by : OECD
Download or read book Consumption Tax Trends 2012 VAT/GST and Excise Rates, Trends and Administration Issues written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumption Tax Trends provides information on Value Added Tax/Goods and Services Tax (VAT/GST) and excise duty rates in OECD member countries.
Book Synopsis The Administrative Foundations of the Chinese Fiscal State by : Wei Cui
Download or read book The Administrative Foundations of the Chinese Fiscal State written by Wei Cui and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On subjects ranging from trade to democratization, there has lately been a wave of laments about China's development belying Western expectations. Yet these disappointments often come with misunderstandings of the very institutions that China was expected to adopt. Chinese taxation offers a sharp illustration. When China introduced a tax system suited for the market economy, it fully intended tax collection to rely on self-assessment, audits, and the rule of law. But this Western approach was quickly jettisoned in favour of one that emphasized monitoring of taxpayers and ex ante interventions, at the expense of deterrence and truthful reporting norms. The Chinese approach surprisingly matches recommendations made by recent economic scholarship on tax compliance and state capacity. China's massive but little-known explorations in taxation highlight the distinct types of modern state capacity, and raise challenging questions about the future of taxation and the superiority of institutions based on rule of law.
Book Synopsis Building Tax Culture, Compliance and Citizenship A Global Source Book on Taxpayer Education, Second Edition by : OECD
Download or read book Building Tax Culture, Compliance and Citizenship A Global Source Book on Taxpayer Education, Second Edition written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widespread voluntary tax compliance plays a significant role in countries’ efforts to raise the revenues necessary to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. As part of this process, governments are increasingly reaching out to taxpayers – current and future – to teach, communicate and assist them in order to foster a “culture of compliance” based on rights and responsibilities, in which citizens see paying taxes as an integral aspect of their relationship with their government.
Book Synopsis OECD Tax Policy Studies Tax Policy Reform and Economic Growth by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Tax Policy Studies Tax Policy Reform and Economic Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates how tax structures can best be designed to support GDP per capita growth.
Book Synopsis How China Became Capitalist by : R. Coase
Download or read book How China Became Capitalist written by R. Coase and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How China Became Capitalist details the extraordinary, and often unanticipated, journey that China has taken over the past thirty five years in transforming itself from a closed agrarian socialist economy to an indomitable economic force in the international arena. The authors revitalise the debate around the rise of the Chinese economy through the use of primary sources, persuasively arguing that the reforms implemented by the Chinese leaders did not represent a concerted attempt to create a capitalist economy, and that it was 'marginal revolutions' that introduced the market and entrepreneurship back to China. Lessons from the West were guided by the traditional Chinese principle of 'seeking truth from facts'. By turning to capitalism, China re-embraced her own cultural roots. How China Became Capitalist challenges received wisdom about the future of the Chinese economy, warning that while China has enormous potential for further growth, the future is clouded by the government's monopoly of ideas and power. Coase and Wang argue that the development of a market for ideas which has a long and revered tradition in China would be integral in bringing about the Chinese dream of social harmony.
Book Synopsis Understanding China's Economic Indicators by : Thomas Orlik
Download or read book Understanding China's Economic Indicators written by Thomas Orlik and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Understanding China’s Economic Indicators, leading economist and Wall Street Journal columnist Thomas M. Orlik introduces 35 of China's most significant economic statistics. Orlik explains why each indicator matters, how it is collected and computed, and its impact on equity, commodity, and currency markets. As China has emerged as a central player in the global economy, more and more investors are seeking profitable opportunities there. To choose the right investments, it's crucial to understand China's economic environment–and that means finding, interpreting, and utilizing China's growing base of economic indicators. Orlik helps investors make sense of data on everything from Chinese GDP growth to inflation, unemployment, bond yields, electricity production, and aircraft passenger numbers. He draws on the best information supplied by the Chinese government's statistical agency, ministries, and industry associations, as well as private sources. Each indicator is clearly described, along with a practical discussion of its implications for investors.
Book Synopsis Economic Analysis of Law in China by : Thomas Eger
Download or read book Economic Analysis of Law in China written by Thomas Eger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an exemplary multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional study of contemporary Chinese law. A collective effort by a group of European and Chinese scholars, it skillfully tests the relationships between law and economics in the Chinese context. The China Journal This is an extremely valuable collection of essays on modern Chinese law viewed through the lens of the law and economics movement. China is developing very rapidly and law is now understood to provide the essential framework for economic development provided the law itself is economically rational. The essays in this volume are excellent examples of how economics can be used to clarify and guide the law applicable to the essential dimensions of the economy. I recommend it wholeheartedly and without reservations. Richard A. Posner, United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and University of Chicago Law School, US This book brings together important applications of law and economics to China and covers a wide range of issues, including such basic concerns as property rights, intellectual property, and taxation, as well as competition law and corporate and securities law. Because of its breadth of coverage, its focus on the particulars of Chinese law, and the expertise of its scholars both Western and Chinese it should serve as a valuable reference work for years to come. Steven Shavell, Harvard Law School, US This book is an important step toward a Chinese scholarship in law and economics, written by leading law and economics researchers from China and Europe. Hans-Bernd Schaefer, Universität Hamburg, Germany In China everything is different, you cannot apply ordinary economics and the legal framework is idiosyncratic. In the course of time, such statements turned out to be prejudices, and the Eger/ Faure/ Zhang volume makes perfectly clear that, for instance, a law and economics approach can shed new light into the intricacies and complexities of Chinese institutional arrangements. Indeed, China creates new puzzles for economic and legal analysis. On the other hand, however, the Chinese need not invent the wheel anew and they do not try it. The book shows instances where a sophisticated law and economics approach can help to develop the legal framework which is appropriate for the transition from a planned into a market economy. The Chinese economic system is not (yet) a normal capitalist market economy, neither is the legal system adapted to a normal private property economy. Nevertheless the chapters of the book apply fruitfully law and economics theories and thus prove their general applicability. One of the outstanding achievements of the volume can be seen in the fact that it recruited more than half of its contributors with a Chinese background. They learn eagerly western approaches and they learn fast. And, of course, they have no problems with understanding Chinese culture and society. So the book combines most profitably the look from the outside and the look from within with a common theoretical framework. Hans-Jürgen Wagener, Europa Universität Viadrina, Germany This book comprises contributions on recent developments in China from a law and economics perspective. For the first time Chinese and European scholars jointly discuss some important attributes of China s legal and economic system, and some recent problems, from this particular viewpoint. The authors apply an economic analysis of law not only to general characteristics of China s social order, such as the specific type of federal competition, the efficiency of taxation and regulation, and the importance of informal institutions (Guanxi), but also to distinct areas of Chinese law such as competition policy, professional regulation, corporate governance and capital markets, oil pollution, intellectual property rights and internet games. The contributors discuss to what extent the law and economic models that have so far been employed within the context of deve