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An Assessment Of Options For Increasing Gender Integration In Air Force Basic Military Training
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Book Synopsis An Assessment of Options for Increasing Gender Integration in Air Force Basic Military Training by : Agnes Gereben Schaefer
Download or read book An Assessment of Options for Increasing Gender Integration in Air Force Basic Military Training written by Agnes Gereben Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The USAF asked the RAND Corporation to assess ways to increase gender-integrated training (GIT) in Basic Military Training (BMT). RAND reviewed historical literature and the experiences of other services and devised five options for increased GIT. Options include integrating training activities, integrating flights to different male-female proportions both before and after fall out from sleeping bays, and modifying sleeping bays for full integration. This report provides a comparative analysis of these options, including costs for each one, as well as a monitoring framework to monitor the progress of any GIT option that the USAF might choose."--Publisher's description
Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Effects of Varying Male and Female Force Levels by :
Download or read book An Analysis of the Effects of Varying Male and Female Force Levels written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Basic Training: Services are Using a Variety of Approaches to Gender Integration by :
Download or read book Basic Training: Services are Using a Variety of Approaches to Gender Integration written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews enlisted basic training to determine the (1) extent to which the services are conducting gender-integrated basic training; (2) changes that were made to accommodate this training and the cost of the changes; (3) pass/fail rates (or other measures of performance) for gender-integrated basic training compared with those for segregated training; and (4) training regimen, results, and issues related to the current gender-integrated basic training compared with the Army's previous experiences with gender-integrated basic training. Women have traditionally played a role in the military services. In recent years, many more career fields have opened to women, and their assignment opportunities have considerably expanded. In the past, all of the services had different programs for basic training for men and women and conducted the training for the two groups separately. More recently, however, the services have adjusted their philosophy of basic training for women and now have programs more closely aligned with those of the men. During fiscal year 1995, the services trained 179,068 recruits-18 percent of whom were women. Women comprised 18 percent of the 75,616 basic training graduates in the Army, 20 percent of the 40,813 graduates in the Navy, 24 percent of the 30,515 graduates in the Air Force, and 5 percent of the 32,124 graduates in the Marine Corps.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community by : U S Military
Download or read book Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community written by U S Military and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-21 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the stroke of a pen on April 28, 1993, Secretary of Defense Les Aspin eliminated a policy barring females from flying in combat, opening the door for first United States Air Force (USAF) female fighter and bomber aircrew. On the eve of the twenty-fifth anniversary of that momentous decision, groundbreaking aviators like Brigadier General Jeannie Leavitt, F-15E Strike Eagle pilot, and Brigadier General (sel.) Kristen Goodwin, B-52 Stratofortress pilot, stand as exemplars for others to follow. Despite their achievement of General Officer rank and certain hardships in blazing the trail, in the fighter community very few females followed, and their population among the Combat Air Force (CAF) has been flat among fighter pilots and only incrementally rising among weapons systems operators. Currently, of the 2,400 fighter pilots in the CAF, only 42 females hold primary responsibility as fighter pilots, resulting in scarcity in front-line units. In fact, the CAF's most numerous fighter, the F-16C "Fighting Falcon" had only one female fighter pilot in the last six years at its second-largest operational wing, the 388th Fighter Wing. Shockingly, the AF's newest fifth-generation fighter, the F-35A "Lightning II", currently has zero females of 123 F-35 pilots, despite reaching its Initial Operating Capability (IOC) in August 2016.Some might say the low percentages and stagnated rate of participation in fighter aircraft is not a problem, since the "door is open", and might also dismiss retention challenges as owed to females having left the Service to dedicate themselves fully to raising children. This paper challenges those assertions, and argues instead that "opening the door is not enough", and that subtle structural and cultural barriers limit advancement and stifle attainment of gender equality in the fighter community, which in turn yields an almost entirely male pool of General Officer candidates and General Officers. By understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of the fighter communities being integrated, rather than simply viewing them as "male-dominated", policy makers can better tailor appropriate solutions for inspiring, recruiting, training, and retaining talented females. Flying fighter aircraft imposes unique demands on female pilots, and as a consequence, unique challenges on their willingness to continue service to senior officer ranks, and should therefore receive just such a tailored approach. Only when a much increased cadre of combat ready and experienced female senior leaders is created will policies start to reflect a female "voice" and the AF begin to fully appreciate the diverse perspectives they bring.Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community: 25 Years of Progress and Persistent Challenges * Introduction * Research Design * Findings * Conclusion and Implications * NotesThis compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.
Book Synopsis Mixed-gender Basic Training by : Anne W. Chapman
Download or read book Mixed-gender Basic Training written by Anne W. Chapman and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an account of the many currents, some ongoing, that informed the Army's struggle to design a basic training course acceptable to the nation's civil and military leadership, the general public, various special iterest groups, and the young men and women undergoing their first experience as soldiers. Employs a mixture of topical and chronological organization. The major focus is on the period from 1973 to 2004. Tells the Army's story of mixed-gender training at the initial-entry level.
Book Synopsis Mixed-gender basic training: The U.S. Army Experience, 1973-2004 by :
Download or read book Mixed-gender basic training: The U.S. Army Experience, 1973-2004 written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an account of the many currents, some ongoing, that informed the Army's struggle to design a basic training course acceptable to the nation's civil and military leadership, the general public, various special iterest groups, and the young men and women undergoing their first experience as soldiers. Employs a mixture of topical and chronological organization. The major focus is on the period from 1973 to 2004. Tells the Army's story of mixed-gender training at the initial-entry level.
Book Synopsis The Status of Gender Integration in the Military by : Megan Beckett
Download or read book The Status of Gender Integration in the Military written by Megan Beckett and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 2002 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Has opening new skills and units been enough to create equal opportunities for women in the U.S. military? Success has been mixed, in part because of the circumstances of individual occupations, and some issues affect men as much as they do women. This volume supplies supporting data for the analysis presented in the companion volume, MR-1380-OSD.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in Basic Training: The Services Are Using a Variety of Approaches by :
Download or read book Gender Integration in Basic Training: The Services Are Using a Variety of Approaches written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report concerns gender integration in basic training. This statement addresses (1) the extent to which the services have gender integrated basic training and (2) the performance of men and women in gender integrated basic training compared with that of men and women whose training is segregated. In summary, the military services' approaches to the integration of men and women during basic training range from integrating some training units to having separate gender units that share some training venues with units of the opposite gender to providing totally separate training. Data to compare the performance of trainees in gender-integrated units and segregated units is not available from all of the services. Limited information on the impact of gender integration from two studies done for the Navy and the Army suggests that gender-integrated basic training programs do not negatively affect trainees' performance. A 1992 study done for the Navy reported no impact on performance and improvement in teamwork for both men and women trained in gender-integrated units. A 1996 study of gender integration in the Army reported that women's performance improved in gender-integrated training units and men's performance was not degraded. Because the data available to evaluate the impact of gender integration was so limited, we recommended that the Department of Defense (DOD) gather more extensive data. DOD concurred with our recommendation and is in the process of collecting the data.
Book Synopsis Military Training by : Sharon L. Pickup
Download or read book Military Training written by Sharon L. Pickup and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 9/11, U.S. military forces have sought to adapt to an expanded battlefield -- one in which rear areas are no longer considered safe and secure. As a result, both the Navy and the Air Force determined that, in order to prepare to operate more effectively in combat, servicemembers in specific occupations required additional standardized combat skills training in such areas as land navigation, first aid, and weapons qualification. The Navy has developed and implemented the Expeditionary Combat Skills course for select Navy personnel. To provide similar training, the Air Force began planning its program. This report is an analysis of these programs. It also identifies lessons learned applicable to efforts to establish new training programs. Illus.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in Basic Training by :
Download or read book Gender Integration in Basic Training written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report concerns gender integration in basic training. This statement addresses (1) the extent to which the services have gender integrated basic training and (2) the performance of men and women in gender integrated basic training compared with that of men and women whose training is segregated. In summary, the military services' approaches to the integration of men and women during basic training range from integrating some training units to having separate gender units that share some training venues with units of the opposite gender to providing totally separate training. Data to compare the performance of trainees in gender-integrated units and segregated units is not available from all of the services. Limited information on the impact of gender integration from two studies done for the Navy and the Army suggests that gender-integrated basic training programs do not negatively affect trainees' performance. A 1992 study done for the Navy reported no impact on performance and improvement in teamwork for both men and women trained in gender-integrated units. A 1996 study of gender integration in the Army reported that women's performance improved in gender-integrated training units and men's performance was not degraded. Because the data available to evaluate the impact of gender integration was so limited, we recommended that the Department of Defense (DOD) gather more extensive data. DOD concurred with our recommendation and is in the process of collecting the data.
Book Synopsis Every Citizen a Soldier: Historic Foundations for Gender Integrated Training (GIT) and Implications for Air Force Readiness by :
Download or read book Every Citizen a Soldier: Historic Foundations for Gender Integrated Training (GIT) and Implications for Air Force Readiness written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines several problem areas related to the current debate over gender integrated training (GIT) and military readiness in the DOD: whether or not men and women should train together in the best interest of military readiness. The review is not limited to the Air Force. Included in the review is a brief history of the evolution of increased participation by women in American national defense, as well the parallel legislative measures that normally accompanied each notable movement. The sociological work done by pioneering military social scientists Dr. Charles Moskos and his protegee, Dr. (Lt Col) Karen Dunivin, are included for fuller discussion. The primary focus is the last 18 months where the Senate charged each service to investigate the propriety of GIT for their branch, and make recommendations and necessary changes. In providing a current and comprehensive look at the issue, the researchers hope this document addresses most of the facets of a highly complex and vital issue in one place, making it easier for sincerely motivated parties to recognize the facts objectively and decide our future wisely.
Download or read book Album Engelbergense written by and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community by : Thomas B. Wolfe
Download or read book Gender Integration in the USAF Fighter Community written by Thomas B. Wolfe and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With the stroke of a pen on April 28, 1993, Secretary of Defense Les Aspin eliminated a policy barring females from flying in combat, opening the door for first United States Air Force (USAF) female fighter and bomber aircrew. On the eve of the twenty-fifth anniversary of that momentous decision, groundbreaking aviators like Brigadier General Jeannie Leavitt, F-15E Strike Eagle pilot, and Brigadier General (sel.) Kristen Goodwin, B-52 Stratofortress pilot, stand as exemplars for others to follow. Despite their achievement of General Officer rank and certain hardships in blazing the trail, in the fighter community very few females followed, and their population among the Combat Air Force (CAF) has been flat among fighter pilots and only incrementally rising among weapons systems operators. Currently, of the 2,400 fighter pilots in the CAF, only 42 females hold primary responsibility as fighter pilots, resulting in scarcity in front-line units. In fact, the CAF’s most numerous fighter, the F-16C “Fighting Falcon” had only one female fighter pilot in the last six years at its second-largest operational wing, the 388th Fighter Wing. Shockingly, the AF’s newest fifth-generation fighter, the F-35A “Lightning II”, currently has zero females of 123 F-35 pilots, despite reaching its Initial Operating Capability (IOC) in August 2016. Some might say the low percentages and stagnated rate of participation in fighter aircraft is not a problem, since the “door is open”, and might also dismiss retention challenges as owed to females having left the Service to dedicate themselves fully to raising children. This paper challenges those assertions, and argues instead that “opening the door is not enough”, and that subtle structural and cultural barriers limit advancement and stifle attainment of gender equality in the fighter community, which in turn yields an almost entirely male pool of General Officer candidates and General Officers. By understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of the fighter communities being integrated, rather than simply viewing them as “male-dominated”, policy makers can better tailor appropriate solutions for inspiring, recruiting, training, and retaining talented females. Flying fighter aircraft imposes unique demands on female pilots, and as a consequence, unique challenges on their willingness to continue service to senior officer ranks, and should therefore receive just such a tailored approach. Only when a much increased cadre of combat ready and experienced female senior leaders is created will policies start to reflect a female “voice” and the AF begin to fully appreciate the diverse perspectives they bring. As the Joint Force opens more and more combat fields to women, drawing lessons from the USAF’s first 25 years of gender integration in fighter aircraft, including progress and persistent challenges, can help inform leaders managing integration in their Services. Through interviews and social media polling, this paper finds that by-and-large the fighter culture of today treats female fighter pilots equally, with no differences between the sexes in terms of flying and fighting skill at the outset. As careers progress, however males outpace females in technical flying competence, with many who rise to senior ranks having attended the Fighter Weapons School (WIC), compared to zero females who have graduated from F-15C, F-22, and F-16 WIC, and only two who have graduated from F-15E WIC. Since the AF highly values technical competence in their commanders, women are once again underrepresented in “Tier 1” command positions, and as the career snowball continues to roll downhill for men, women face an uphill climb. Recommendations include focusing on embedding fighter pilots earlier along accessions paths, at the AF Academy and in Phase II of pilot training, and assigning mentorship to females who graduate fighter training, essentially making them High Potential Officers (HPOs) until such time as the percentage of females in fighters increases at a favorable rate."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis An Integrated Survey System for Addressing Abuse and Misconduct Toward Air Force Trainees During Basic Military Training by : Kirsten M. Keller
Download or read book An Integrated Survey System for Addressing Abuse and Misconduct Toward Air Force Trainees During Basic Military Training written by Kirsten M. Keller and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AND developed an integrated survey system to help the U.S. Air Force's Air Education and Training Command monitor and address abuse and misconduct by military training instructors toward trainees during Basic Military Training.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in NATO Military Forces by : Lana Obradovic
Download or read book Gender Integration in NATO Military Forces written by Lana Obradovic and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous states have passed gender integration legislation permanently admitting women into their military forces. As a result, states have dramatically increased women’s numbers, and improved gender equality by removing a number of restrictions. Yet despite changes and initiatives on both domestic and international levels to integrate gender perspectives into the military, not all states have improved to the same extent. Some have successfully promoted gender integration in the ranks by erasing all forms of discrimination, but others continue to impede it by setting limitations on equal access to careers, combat, and ranks. Why do states abandon their policies of exclusion and promote gender integration in a way that women’s military participation becomes an integral part of military force? By examining twenty-four NATO member states, this book argues that civilian policymakers and military leadership no longer surrender to parochial gendered division of the roles, but rather support integration to meet the recruitment numbers due to military modernization, professionalization and technological advancements. Moreover, it proposes that increased pressure by the United Nations to integrate gender into security and NATO seeking standardization and consistency on the international level, and women’s movements on the domestic level, are contributing to greater gender integration in the military. Winner of the 2015 ERGOMAS "Best Book in Civil-Military Relations" Award.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration of Basic Combat Training and Career Intent of Enlisted First-Term Soldiers by :
Download or read book Gender Integration of Basic Combat Training and Career Intent of Enlisted First-Term Soldiers written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past findings summarized by Mottern, Foster, Brady, and Marshall-Mies (1997) have supported the conclusion that the gender-integrated approach to training does not adversely influence the basic-training performance of either female or male soldiers. The research here investigated differences between soldiers with single gender or gender-integrated basic training in their career intentions and Army adaptation over the full course of initial entry training (IET), that is, basic and advanced entry training. Analyses of variance revealed that differences by type of training and soldier gender were relatively small but tended to indicate more positive outcomes for the soldiers (males and females) having had gender-integrated basic training. Despite a slight decrease over time, responses at the end of IET remained positive, and the decline in adaptation tended to be less frequent for males with gender-integrated basic training. In general, the attitudes of soldiers in different training environments were similar and showed similar changes over time. Thus, the overall pattern supports earlier conclusions (Mottern et al.,1997; Harrell & Miller, 1997) and suggests that over the full course of IET, the gender integration of basic training is not associated with more negative effects in terms of the career intent or adaptation of male or female soldiers.
Download or read book Failure of Imagination written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Law-106, which authorized the admittance of women into the five federal service academies, was historically significant as it reversed the previous male-only policy at the nation's premier military leadership institutions. Its 1975 passage reflected the groundwork established by military women as well as two decades of feminist activism in America. The entrance of women at the service academies clearly challenged the existing norms for women's roles in the military and arguably in American society as well; furthermore, an analysis of primary source documents and oral histories provides insight into how men and women at the Air Force Academy confronted radically new conceptions of gender roles in society. This analysis is particularly relevant as existing scholarship concerning the integration of women at the Air Force Academy has largely ignored men's and women's own perceptions and responses to their academy experiences. In studying the integration process at the Air Force Academy, my methodological approach places great value in centering women's voices in this story; therefore, this work will incorporate many of the existing oral histories of female cadets as well as recently gathered oral histories from women who graduated from the Air Force Academy during the integration period. By interrogating these individual cadet experiences within the larger historical context of the integration period, this work yields a deeper understanding of what it meant to be a man and a woman at this moment of radical change at the Air Force Academy. Why did men reject women as cadets? What motivated women to become cadets? How did women create a space for themselves within this rigid masculine environment? Beyond the now-familiar narratives about male close-mindedness and chauvinism, this study explores the cultural context in which men and women encountered one another in the service academies. Men and women at the Air Force Academy grappled with the integration process in unique ways; this present work focuses on how both men and women actively negotiated and renegotiated their perceptions of masculine and feminine identity during this period of momentous organizational change at the Air Force Academy.
