An Analysis of the Effects of Various Compounds on Alcohol and High-fat-diet-induced Steatosis in Rats and Mice

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (499 download)

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Book Synopsis An Analysis of the Effects of Various Compounds on Alcohol and High-fat-diet-induced Steatosis in Rats and Mice by : Bonnie Nolan

Download or read book An Analysis of the Effects of Various Compounds on Alcohol and High-fat-diet-induced Steatosis in Rats and Mice written by Bonnie Nolan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excessive alcohol consumption is known to result in fatty liver, or steatosis. A high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet also results in fatty liver. Furthermore, fatty liver is known to precede cirrhosis in both animals and humans, and cirrhosis precedes primary hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. A series of studies was first undertaken to determine whether exercise and/or certain dietary manipulations could affect fatty liver. Long-Evans rats were given either a high-fat, low-carbohydrate or a high-carbohydrate, low-fat version of liquid diet with or without alcohol. Livers were analyzed for fat and measures of carbohydrate metabolism in liver and plasma were taken, as well as blood glucose alcohol concentrations. Next, added exercise (run wheel), caffeine, antioxidants such as Vitamin E, diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine (DPPD), and selenium were examined as were the dietary additives cranberry powder and soy protein. Finally, based on ambiguous results involving each agent separately, caffeine and DPPD were combined. Following the conclusion of rat studies, C57BL6 mice were given a modified version of the Leiber-deCarli liquid diet with alcohol. The calorie manipulation described above was repeated in mice to determine whether alcohol-induced fatty liver would be exacerbated in the presence of a high-fat diet. Subsequently, the dietary additives Vitamin E, DPPD and Trolox were added. Striatum was taken for HPLC, and livers were taken for liver fat analysis and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay (as a measure of oxidative stress) respectively. Finally, an experiment was undertaken to determine a time course for withdrawal seizures in mice. In rats, differences in liver glycogen did not account for differences in liver fat. Exercise and caffeine both resulted in significant changes in weight gain, and while combined they appeared to reduce alcohol-induced fatty liver, the effect was not significant. Separately, no protective properties of either exercise or caffeine were observed. Vitamin E and selenium were found to exacerbate alcohol-induced fatty liver, while DPPD did not. Neither cranberry powder nor soy protein affected alcohol-induced fatty liver. DPPD combined with caffeine reduced alcohol-induced fatty liver significantly (p

Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051266
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, by : National Research Council

Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-02-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years since the third edition of this indispensable reference was published, a great deal has been learned about the nutritional requirements of common laboratory species: rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, gerbil, and vole. The Fourth Revised Edition presents the current expert understanding of the lipid, carbohydrate, protein, mineral, vitamin, and other nutritional needs of these animals. The extensive use of tables provides easy access to a wealth of comprehensive data and resource information. The volume also provides an expanded background discussion of general dietary considerations. In addition to a more user-friendly organization, new features in this edition include: A significantly expanded section on dietary requirements for rats, reporting substantial new findings. A new section on nutrients that are not required but that may produce beneficial results. New information on growth and reproductive performance among the most commonly used strains of rats and mice and on several hamster species. An expanded discussion of diet formulation and preparationâ€"including sample diets of both purified and natural ingredients. New information on mineral deficiency and toxicity, including warning signs. This authoritative resource will be important to researchers, laboratory technicians, and manufacturers of laboratory animal feed.

Network Pharmacology

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811607532
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Network Pharmacology by : Shao Li

Download or read book Network Pharmacology written by Shao Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces “network pharmacology” as an emerging frontier subject of systematic drug research in the era of artificial intelligence and big data. Network Pharmacology is an original subject of fusion system biology, bioinformatics, network science and other related disciplines. It emphasizes on starting from the overall perspective of the system level and biological networks, the analysis of the laws of molecular association between drugs and their treatment objects, reveals the systematic pharmacological mechanisms of drugs, and guides the research and development of new drugs and clinical diagnosis and treatment. After it was proposed, network pharmacology has been paid attention by researchers, and it has been rapidly developed and widely used. In order to systematically reveal the biological basis of diagnosis and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine, we proposed a new concept of "network target" for the first time, which has become the core theory of "network pharmacology". The core principle of a network target is to construct a biological network that can be used to decipher complex diseases. The network is then used as the therapeutic target, to which multicomponent remedies are applied. This book mainly includes four parts: 1) The concept and theory of network pharmacology; 2) Common analysis methods, databases and software in network pharmacological research; 3) Typical cases of traditional Chinese medicine modernization and modern drug research based on network pharmacology; 4) Network pharmacology practice process based on drugs and diseases.

Diet and Health

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309039940
Total Pages : 765 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Diet and Health by : National Research Council

Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.

Animal Clinical Chemistry

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0748403507
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (484 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Clinical Chemistry by : G.O. Evans

Download or read book Animal Clinical Chemistry written by G.O. Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-04-29 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By presenting background information on the selection and application of biochemical tests in safety assessment studies, this text seeks to provide a basis for improving the knowledge required to interpret data from toxicological studies. In addition to chapters which discuss the assessment of specific organ toxicity (such as the liver, kidney and thyroid), the book also covers pre-analytical variables, regulatory requirements and statistical approaches, and highlights some of the major differences between man and different laboratory animals. The editor and contributor are all members of the Animal Clinical Chemistry Association, a group formed to advance the science of animal clinical chemistry in safety evaluation, toxicology and veterinary science.

Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by :

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 423: Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264071008
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 423: Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 423: Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-08 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a test guideline for testing for Acute Oral Tosxidity using the Acute Toxic Class Method.

Hepatobiliary Transport: From Bench to Bedside

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792387718
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Hepatobiliary Transport: From Bench to Bedside by : S. Matern

Download or read book Hepatobiliary Transport: From Bench to Bedside written by S. Matern and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-12-31 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a tremendous amount of scientific progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of transport processes in the liver within the last few years. Cloning of various members of organic anion and cation transporters has provided the necessary tools to study their regulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions and has advanced our knowledge about bile formation. Mutations of various hepatic organic anion transporters have been identified in humans as hereditary defects leading to the heterogenous syndrome of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). Various mouse models including knockout animals have given us the opportunity to gain insight into lipid transport by the liver and the genetics of cholesterol gallstone formation. The physiology of bile duct cells and the molecular mechanisms leading to various cholangiopathies have been a main scientific focus in hepatology in recent years. Drug targeting to the liver by hepatic organic anion transporters represents an attractive way of selective delivery of pharmaceutical agents in humans. Ursodeoxycholic acid is successfully used in the treatment of patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease and major advances have been made in understanding its mode of action in liver and bile duct cells. This book, the proceedings of the Falk Workshop held in Aachen, Germany, on 25-26 January 2001, contains chapters on all important aspects of biliary transport by well-known experts in this field. It is an essential resource for new developments in the field of biliary transport, both in basic science and clinical medicine.

Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194280
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance by : Tsuguhito Ota

Download or read book Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance written by Tsuguhito Ota and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immune response and metabolic regulation are highly integrated and this interface maintains a central homeostatic system, dysfunction of which can cause obesity-associated metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is an underlying basis for the pathogenesis of these metabolic diseases. Overnutrition or obesity activates the innate immune system with subsequent recruitment of immune cells such as macrophages and T cells, which contributes to the development of insulin resistance. In particular, a significant advance in our understanding of obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance has been recognition of the critical role of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). ATMs are a prominent source of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-a and IL-6, that can block insulin action in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver autocrine/paracrine signaling and cause systemic insulin resistance via endocrine signaling, providing a potential link between inflammation and insulin resistance. All articles in this topic highlight the interconnection between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance in all its diversity to the mechanisms of obesity-induced inflammation and role of immune system in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes.

Toxicological Profile for Lead

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Lead by :

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Lead written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mitochondrial Dysfunction

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483218619
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Dysfunction by : Lawrence H. Lash

Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

Environmental Epigenetics

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1447166787
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Epigenetics by : L. Joseph Su

Download or read book Environmental Epigenetics written by L. Joseph Su and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the toxicological and health implications of environmental epigenetics and provides knowledge through an interdisciplinary approach. Included in this volume are chapters outlining various environmental risk factors such as phthalates and dietary components, life states such as pregnancy and ageing, hormonal and metabolic considerations and specific disease risks such as cancer cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses.

Mitochondria in Liver Disease

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482236982
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Mitochondria in Liver Disease by : Derick Han

Download or read book Mitochondria in Liver Disease written by Derick Han and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " excellent, well-organized, and timely."-Lester Packer and Enrique Cardenas, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, from the Series PrefaceThe liver is a vital organ that is responsible for a wide range of functions, most of which are essential for survival. The multitude of functions the liver performs makes it vulnerable to a wide range

Cumulated Index Medicus

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 904 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cell Separation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780125645010
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Cell Separation by : A. M. Cheret

Download or read book Cell Separation written by A. M. Cheret and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Laboratory Rat

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780120749010
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis The Laboratory Rat by : Henry J. Baker

Download or read book The Laboratory Rat written by Henry J. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

New compounds, novel targets and mechanism study in inflammation-associated liver diseases

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832511341
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis New compounds, novel targets and mechanism study in inflammation-associated liver diseases by : Baoming Wu

Download or read book New compounds, novel targets and mechanism study in inflammation-associated liver diseases written by Baoming Wu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: