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Author : Allan L. Hartong
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Retardant Use written by Allan L. Hartong and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Henri Vahabi
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128242612
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Flame Retardancy In Polymer Science written by Henri Vahabi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of Flame Retardancy in Polymer Science is a scientific/practical book that is conceptualized, designed, and written for students, early-career researchers, and junior engineers to explain the basic principles of fire analysis/characterization methods/methodologies, from flammability, ignition, and fire spread to forced convection and related analyses and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying flame retardancy in both gas and condensed phases followed by correlation between laboratory- and real-scale fire analyses as well as fire analysis from an industrial standpoint. This book is also an indispensable resource for identifying and mounting the latest achievements in fire analysis/characterization methods to frame the effects of fire evaluation strategies to be utilized for research and development. The book also gives a broad description of fire analysis related to different standards and regulations for different applications in different geographic zones. Includes the background, fundamental, and modern features of techniques of characterization of fire and flame behavior Provides an overview of the major techniques used in fire analysis of flame-retardant polymers Characterizes different types of materials at small, bench, and real-life scale Offers a comprehensive overview of fire behavior and testing and associated toxicity issues Integrates the scientific, technical, standard, regulation, and industrial aspects of fire analysis into a book for future developments in the field
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT. written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Paper Chromatography for Determining Palatability Differences in Various Strains of Big Sagebrush written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Constantine D. Papaspyrides
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444538097
Total Pages : 942 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)
Download or read book Polymer Green Flame Retardants written by Constantine D. Papaspyrides and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-08-14 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Green Flame Retardants covers key issues regarding the response of polymers during fire, the mechanisms of their flame retardation, the regulations imposed on their use, and the health hazards arising from their combustion. Presenting the latest research developments, the book focuses in particular on nanocomposites, believed to be the most promising approach for producing physically superior materials with low flammability and ecological impact. The fire properties of nanocomposites of various matrixes and fillers are discussed, the toxicological characteristics of these materials are analyzed, addressing also their environmental sustainability. Edited by distinguished scientists, including an array of international industry and academia experts, this book will appeal to chemical, mechanical, environmental, material and process engineers, upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines, and generally to researchers developing commercially attractive and environmentally friendly fire-proof products. Provides recent findings on the manufacture of environmentally sustainable flame retardant polymeric materials Covers legislation and regulations concerning flame retarded polymeric material use Includes tables containing the fire properties of the most common polymeric materials
Author : Alexander B. Morgan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118939204
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook written by Alexander B. Morgan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardantswith alternate technologies, this handbook contains in one placeall of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardanttechnologies, as well as experimental systems nearcommercialization. This book focuses on non-halogenated flame retardants in aholistic but practical manner. It starts with an overview ofthe regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenatedflame retardant selection over older halogenatedtechnologies. It then moves into separate chapters coveringthe known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants. These chapters are written by known experts in those specificchemistries who are also industrial experts in how to apply thattechnology to polymers for fire safety needs. The handbookconcludes with some of the newer technologies in place that areeither niche performers or may be commercial in the nearfuture. Future trends in flame retardancy are alsodiscussed. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook book takes apractical approach to addressing the narrow subject ofnon-halogenated flame retardancy. This includes more emphasison flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practicalconsiderations in flame retardant material design, and what thestrengths and limits of these various technologies are. Previous flame retardant material science books have coverednon-halogenated flame retardants, but they focus more on how theywork rather than how to use them.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Long-term Fire Retardant Value Analysis Guidelines written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wayne P. Van Meter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Chemical Analysis Procedures for Forest Fire Retardant Constituents written by Wayne P. Van Meter and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Fire Management Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : W. Waynon Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Chemical Forest Fire Retardants written by W. Waynon Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicities of four chemical forest fire retardants, Fire-Trol 100 and 931 (ammonium sulfate, or polyphosphate with an attapulgit clay thickner) and Phos-Chek 202A and 259 (diammonium phosphate with guar gum derivative thickner) were determined by static and flow-through toxicity tests for fry and fingerling coho salmon and rainbow trout; fingerling fathead minnows, bluegills, and largemouth bass; and mature scuds. In static tests, Phos-Chek formulations were more toxic than either of the Fire-Trol formulations to scuds and all life stages of fish. In salmon and trout, fry were generally more susceptible than fingerlings to all formulations; yolk-sac fry were more susceptible than swim-up friy. Toxicities of all formulations to salmon and trout were similar at 6 to 11 degress centigrade. Un-ionized ammonia is believed to be the most toxic component of thes fire retardants.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309491215
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1970s, flame retardants began to be added to synthetic materials to meet strict flammability standards. Over the years, diverse flame retardants have been manufactured and used in various products. Some flame retardants have migrated out of the products, and this has led to widespread human exposure and environmental contamination. There also is mounting evidence that many flame retardants are associated with adverse human health effects. As a result, some flame retardants have been banned, restricted, or voluntarily phased out of production and use. This publication develops a scientifically based scoping plan to assess additive, nonpolymeric organohalogen flame retardants as a class for potential chronic health hazards under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, including cancer, birth defects, and gene mutations.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171938
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-06 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters.
Author : Martin J. Forrest
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110640287
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Rubber Analysis written by Martin J. Forrest and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber analysis plays a vital part in ensuring that manufactured products are fit for purpose. This comprehensive, application-based book with up-to-date referencing covers all important applications and subject area associated with the analysis of rubber compounds and rubber products. Includes characterization of rubber polymers, rubber fumes, identification of extractables and leachables, as well as reverse engineering on compounded products.
Author : Yuan Hu
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323907725
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)
Download or read book Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials written by Yuan Hu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials provides a comprehensive overview of flame retardants derived directly and indirectly from plant sources, drawing on cutting-edge research and covering preparation methods, testing and evaluation techniques, enhanced properties, and end applications. Chapters introduce bio-based materials in the context of additives for flame retardancy, explaining fundamentals and testing methods and analyzing synthetic approaches and the potential advantages of pursuing a bio-based approach. This is followed by detailed coverage of bio-based retardants, with each chapter covering a specific source and guiding the reader systematically through preparation techniques, evaluation methods, properties and applications. Throughout the book, the latest progress in the field is critically reviewed, and there is a continual emphasis on novel approaches to achieve enhanced properties and performant materials. This is an essential guide for all those with an interest in innovative, sustainable flame retardant additives for polymeric materials, including researchers, scientists, advanced students, and more. Explains innovative techniques for the preparation of bio-based flame retardant mechanisms, analyzing properties, performance and applications Offers in-depth coverage of a range of sources, including cellulose, lignin, cardanol, chitosan, eugenol, vanillin, furan, alginate and vegetable oils Presents the latest advances in the field, serving as a novel resource to advanced students, researchers and R&D professionals in academia and industry
Author : United States. Forest Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Publications ... Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station written by United States. Forest Service and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1688 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 1688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Library of Congress
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1736 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
