AI for Computer Architecture

Download AI for Computer Architecture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031017706
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis AI for Computer Architecture by : Lizhong Chen

Download or read book AI for Computer Architecture written by Lizhong Chen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence has already enabled pivotal advances in diverse fields, yet its impact on computer architecture has only just begun. In particular, recent work has explored broader application to the design, optimization, and simulation of computer architecture. Notably, machine-learning-based strategies often surpass prior state-of-the-art analytical, heuristic, and human-expert approaches. This book reviews the application of machine learning in system-wide simulation and run-time optimization, and in many individual components such as caches/memories, branch predictors, networks-on-chip, and GPUs. The book further analyzes current practice to highlight useful design strategies and identify areas for future work, based on optimized implementation strategies, opportune extensions to existing work, and ambitious long term possibilities. Taken together, these strategies and techniques present a promising future for increasingly automated computer architecture designs.

Ascend AI Processor Architecture and Programming

Download Ascend AI Processor Architecture and Programming PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012823489X
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ascend AI Processor Architecture and Programming by : Xiaoyao Liang

Download or read book Ascend AI Processor Architecture and Programming written by Xiaoyao Liang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-29 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ascend AI Processor Architecture and Programming: Principles and Applications of CANN offers in-depth AI applications using Huawei’s Ascend chip, presenting and analyzing the unique performance and attributes of this processor. The title introduces the fundamental theory of AI, the software and hardware architecture of the Ascend AI processor, related tools and programming technology, and typical application cases. It demonstrates internal software and hardware design principles, system tools and programming techniques for the processor, laying out the elements of AI programming technology needed by researchers developing AI applications. Chapters cover the theoretical fundamentals of AI and deep learning, the state of the industry, including the current state of Neural Network Processors, deep learning frameworks, and a deep learning compilation framework, the hardware architecture of the Ascend AI processor, programming methods and practices for developing the processor, and finally, detailed case studies on data and algorithms for AI. Presents the performance and attributes of the Huawei Ascend AI processor Describes the software and hardware architecture of the Ascend processor Lays out the elements of AI theory, processor architecture, and AI applications Provides detailed case studies on data and algorithms for AI Offers insights into processor architecture and programming to spark new AI applications

Artificial Intelligence and Architecture

Download Artificial Intelligence and Architecture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3035624046
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (356 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and Architecture by : Stanislas Chaillou

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Architecture written by Stanislas Chaillou and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) hat Eingang in unzählige Branchen gefunden. In der Architektur steckt der Einsatz von KI noch in den Kinderschuhen, doch die Entwicklung der letzten Jahre hat vielversprechende Ergebnisse gebracht. Das Buch ist eine gut verständliche Einführung. Sie bietet einen Überblick über die Geschichte der KI und ihre ersten Anwendungen in der Architektur. Im zweiten Teil präsentiert der Autor konkrete Beispiele für den kreativen Einsatz von KI in der Praxis. Führende Experten, von der Havard-University bis zur Bauhaus Universität, eröffnen schließlich in Essays vielfältige Perspektiven auf das Potenzial von KI. Als Einführung zeigt das Buch ein Panorama dieser neuen technologischen Möglichkeiten und verdeutlicht so das Versprechen, das sie für die Architektur darstellen.

Deep Learning for Computer Architects

Download Deep Learning for Computer Architects PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031017560
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deep Learning for Computer Architects by : Brandon Reagen

Download or read book Deep Learning for Computer Architects written by Brandon Reagen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine learning, and specifically deep learning, has been hugely disruptive in many fields of computer science. The success of deep learning techniques in solving notoriously difficult classification and regression problems has resulted in their rapid adoption in solving real-world problems. The emergence of deep learning is widely attributed to a virtuous cycle whereby fundamental advancements in training deeper models were enabled by the availability of massive datasets and high-performance computer hardware. This text serves as a primer for computer architects in a new and rapidly evolving field. We review how machine learning has evolved since its inception in the 1960s and track the key developments leading up to the emergence of the powerful deep learning techniques that emerged in the last decade. Next we review representative workloads, including the most commonly used datasets and seminal networks across a variety of domains. In addition to discussing the workloads themselves, we also detail the most popular deep learning tools and show how aspiring practitioners can use the tools with the workloads to characterize and optimize DNNs. The remainder of the book is dedicated to the design and optimization of hardware and architectures for machine learning. As high-performance hardware was so instrumental in the success of machine learning becoming a practical solution, this chapter recounts a variety of optimizations proposed recently to further improve future designs. Finally, we present a review of recent research published in the area as well as a taxonomy to help readers understand how various contributions fall in context.

Processing-in-Memory for AI

Download Processing-in-Memory for AI PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030987817
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Processing-in-Memory for AI by : Joo-Young Kim

Download or read book Processing-in-Memory for AI written by Joo-Young Kim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-09 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to processing-in-memory (PIM) technology, from its architectures to circuits implementations on multiple memory types and describes how it can be a viable computer architecture in the era of AI and big data. The authors summarize the challenges of AI hardware systems, processing-in-memory (PIM) constraints and approaches to derive system-level requirements for a practical and feasible PIM solution. The presentation focuses on feasible PIM solutions that can be implemented and used in real systems, including architectures, circuits, and implementation cases for each major memory type (SRAM, DRAM, and ReRAM).

Learning Deep Architectures for AI

Download Learning Deep Architectures for AI PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 1601982941
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Learning Deep Architectures for AI by : Yoshua Bengio

Download or read book Learning Deep Architectures for AI written by Yoshua Bengio and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical results suggest that in order to learn the kind of complicated functions that can represent high-level abstractions (e.g. in vision, language, and other AI-level tasks), one may need deep architectures. Deep architectures are composed of multiple levels of non-linear operations, such as in neural nets with many hidden layers or in complicated propositional formulae re-using many sub-formulae. Searching the parameter space of deep architectures is a difficult task, but learning algorithms such as those for Deep Belief Networks have recently been proposed to tackle this problem with notable success, beating the state-of-the-art in certain areas. This paper discusses the motivations and principles regarding learning algorithms for deep architectures, in particular those exploiting as building blocks unsupervised learning of single-layer models such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines, used to construct deeper models such as Deep Belief Networks.

Computers for Artificial Intelligence Processing

Download Computers for Artificial Intelligence Processing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computers for Artificial Intelligence Processing by : Benjamin W. Wah

Download or read book Computers for Artificial Intelligence Processing written by Benjamin W. Wah and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1990-10-12 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book supports the increasing complexity and the growing need for computational power of artificial intelligence (AI) by providing comprehensive treatments of new hardware and software engineering met in AI language design and applications. The book is a collection of 16 substantial papers (chapters), the contributors being 51 well-known researchers in the AI fields. The papers are grouped into the following five sections: Section 1 represents a well documented survey on symbolic processing computers. Section 2 (Language-based AI Architectures) supports the design and implementation of AI language-oriented computers. Three (2-4) chapters are devoted to (computer architecture concerning) sequential Lisp processing: architectural features of Lisp computers, Symbolics’ Lisp computer architecture, memory management and performance evaluation of a Lisp machine system. Other three (5-7) chapters discuss multiprocessing and parallel processing of Lisp (and general functional) programs. The last two chapters of section 2 are presenting architectures supporting object-oriented programming (Smalltalk) and production systems. Section 3 (Multiprocessor AI Architecture) contains two (10-11) chapters, dealing with Connection Machine architecture and its applications, and with the design of data/knowledge base machines for AI processing. Section 4 (Connectionist Architectures and Applications) include two (12-13) chapters, illustrating the connectionist model architecture design and learning. Section 5 (Software Architectures for AI Applications) is made up of three (14-16) chapters, analysing the relationship between AI and software engineering, the development tools for AI programs, and the problem of AI hardware and software reliability. This book addresses a wide range of AI readers, from beginners to professionals. It carries forth doubtless qualities: compact and well-dimensioned chapters, comprehensively written by AI remarkable professionals, covering up-to-date AI topics and trends.

Architects of Intelligence

Download Architects of Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 178913126X
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (891 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Architects of Intelligence by : Martin Ford

Download or read book Architects of Intelligence written by Martin Ford and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Times Best Books of the Year 2018 TechRepublic Top Books Every Techie Should Read Book Description How will AI evolve and what major innovations are on the horizon? What will its impact be on the job market, economy, and society? What is the path toward human-level machine intelligence? What should we be concerned about as artificial intelligence advances? Architects of Intelligence contains a series of in-depth, one-to-one interviews where New York Times bestselling author, Martin Ford, uncovers the truth behind these questions from some of the brightest minds in the Artificial Intelligence community. Martin has wide-ranging conversations with twenty-three of the world's foremost researchers and entrepreneurs working in AI and robotics: Demis Hassabis (DeepMind), Ray Kurzweil (Google), Geoffrey Hinton (Univ. of Toronto and Google), Rodney Brooks (Rethink Robotics), Yann LeCun (Facebook) , Fei-Fei Li (Stanford and Google), Yoshua Bengio (Univ. of Montreal), Andrew Ng (AI Fund), Daphne Koller (Stanford), Stuart Russell (UC Berkeley), Nick Bostrom (Univ. of Oxford), Barbara Grosz (Harvard), David Ferrucci (Elemental Cognition), James Manyika (McKinsey), Judea Pearl (UCLA), Josh Tenenbaum (MIT), Rana el Kaliouby (Affectiva), Daniela Rus (MIT), Jeff Dean (Google), Cynthia Breazeal (MIT), Oren Etzioni (Allen Institute for AI), Gary Marcus (NYU), and Bryan Johnson (Kernel). Martin Ford is a prominent futurist, and author of Financial Times Business Book of the Year, Rise of the Robots. He speaks at conferences and companies around the world on what AI and automation might mean for the future. Meet the minds behind the AI superpowers as they discuss the science, business and ethics of modern artificial intelligence. Read James Manyika’s thoughts on AI analytics, Geoffrey Hinton’s breakthroughs in AI programming and development, and Rana el Kaliouby’s insights into AI marketing. This AI book collects the opinions of the luminaries of the AI business, such as Stuart Russell (coauthor of the leading AI textbook), Rodney Brooks (a leader in AI robotics), Demis Hassabis (chess prodigy and mind behind AlphaGo), and Yoshua Bengio (leader in deep learning) to complete your AI education and give you an AI advantage in 2019 and the future.

Computer Architecture for Scientists

Download Computer Architecture for Scientists PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009008382
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Architecture for Scientists by : Andrew A. Chien

Download or read book Computer Architecture for Scientists written by Andrew A. Chien and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic increase in computer performance has been extraordinary, but not for all computations: it has key limits and structure. Software architects, developers, and even data scientists need to understand how exploit the fundamental structure of computer performance to harness it for future applications. Ideal for upper level undergraduates, Computer Architecture for Scientists covers four key pillars of computer performance and imparts a high-level basis for reasoning with and understanding these concepts: Small is fast – how size scaling drives performance; Implicit parallelism – how a sequential program can be executed faster with parallelism; Dynamic locality – skirting physical limits, by arranging data in a smaller space; Parallelism – increasing performance with teams of workers. These principles and models provide approachable high-level insights and quantitative modelling without distracting low-level detail. Finally, the text covers the GPU and machine-learning accelerators that have become increasingly important for mainstream applications.

Computer Architecture

Download Computer Architecture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0128119063
Total Pages : 939 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Architecture by : John L. Hennessy

Download or read book Computer Architecture written by John L. Hennessy and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 939 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, Sixth Edition has been considered essential reading by instructors, students and practitioners of computer design for over 20 years. The sixth edition of this classic textbook from Hennessy and Patterson, winners of the 2017 ACM A.M. Turing Award recognizing contributions of lasting and major technical importance to the computing field, is fully revised with the latest developments in processor and system architecture. The text now features examples from the RISC-V (RISC Five) instruction set architecture, a modern RISC instruction set developed and designed to be a free and openly adoptable standard. It also includes a new chapter on domain-specific architectures and an updated chapter on warehouse-scale computing that features the first public information on Google's newest WSC. True to its original mission of demystifying computer architecture, this edition continues the longstanding tradition of focusing on areas where the most exciting computing innovation is happening, while always keeping an emphasis on good engineering design. Winner of a 2019 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from the Textbook and Academic Authors Association Includes a new chapter on domain-specific architectures, explaining how they are the only path forward for improved performance and energy efficiency given the end of Moore’s Law and Dennard scaling Features the first publication of several DSAs from industry Features extensive updates to the chapter on warehouse-scale computing, with the first public information on the newest Google WSC Offers updates to other chapters including new material dealing with the use of stacked DRAM; data on the performance of new NVIDIA Pascal GPU vs. new AVX-512 Intel Skylake CPU; and extensive additions to content covering multicore architecture and organization Includes "Putting It All Together" sections near the end of every chapter, providing real-world technology examples that demonstrate the principles covered in each chapter Includes review appendices in the printed text and additional reference appendices available online Includes updated and improved case studies and exercises ACM named John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson, recipients of the 2017 ACM A.M. Turing Award for pioneering a systematic, quantitative approach to the design and evaluation of computer architectures with enduring impact on the microprocessor industry

VLSI for Artificial Intelligence

Download VLSI for Artificial Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461316197
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis VLSI for Artificial Intelligence by : Jose G. Delgado-Frias

Download or read book VLSI for Artificial Intelligence written by Jose G. Delgado-Frias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computer Architecture and Artificial Intelligence

Download Computer Architecture and Artificial Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Architecture and Artificial Intelligence by : Kevin Austin

Download or read book Computer Architecture and Artificial Intelligence written by Kevin Austin and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Download Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350165549
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence by : Neil Leach

Download or read book Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence written by Neil Leach and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence is everywhere – from the apps on our phones to the algorithms of search engines. Without us noticing, the AI revolution has arrived. But what does this mean for the world of design? The first volume in a two-book series, Architecture in the Age of Artificial Intelligence introduces AI for designers and considers its positive potential for the future of architecture and design. Explaining what AI is and how it works, the book examines how different manifestations of AI will impact the discipline and profession of architecture. Highlighting current case-studies as well as near-future applications, it shows how AI is already being used as a powerful design tool, and how AI-driven information systems will soon transform the design of buildings and cities. Far-sighted, provocative and challenging, yet rooted in careful research and cautious speculation, this book, written by architect and theorist Neil Leach, is a must-read for all architects and designers – including students of architecture and all design professionals interested in keeping their practice at the cutting edge of technology.

Architectural Intelligence

Download Architectural Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262546787
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Architectural Intelligence by : Molly Wright Steenson

Download or read book Architectural Intelligence written by Molly Wright Steenson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architects who engaged with cybernetics, artificial intelligence, and other technologies poured the foundation for digital interactivity. In Architectural Intelligence, Molly Wright Steenson explores the work of four architects in the 1960s and 1970s who incorporated elements of interactivity into their work. Christopher Alexander, Richard Saul Wurman, Cedric Price, and Nicholas Negroponte and the MIT Architecture Machine Group all incorporated technologies—including cybernetics and artificial intelligence—into their work and influenced digital design practices from the late 1980s to the present day. Alexander, long before his famous 1977 book A Pattern Language, used computation and structure to visualize design problems; Wurman popularized the notion of “information architecture”; Price designed some of the first intelligent buildings; and Negroponte experimented with the ways people experience artificial intelligence, even at architectural scale. Steenson investigates how these architects pushed the boundaries of architecture—and how their technological experiments pushed the boundaries of technology. What did computational, cybernetic, and artificial intelligence researchers have to gain by engaging with architects and architectural problems? And what was this new space that emerged within these collaborations? At times, Steenson writes, the architects in this book characterized themselves as anti-architects and their work as anti-architecture. The projects Steenson examines mostly did not result in constructed buildings, but rather in design processes and tools, computer programs, interfaces, digital environments. Alexander, Wurman, Price, and Negroponte laid the foundation for many of our contemporary interactive practices, from information architecture to interaction design, from machine learning to smart cities.

Deep Learning Systems

Download Deep Learning Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031017692
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deep Learning Systems by : Andres Rodriguez

Download or read book Deep Learning Systems written by Andres Rodriguez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes deep learning systems: the algorithms, compilers, and processor components to efficiently train and deploy deep learning models for commercial applications. The exponential growth in computational power is slowing at a time when the amount of compute consumed by state-of-the-art deep learning (DL) workloads is rapidly growing. Model size, serving latency, and power constraints are a significant challenge in the deployment of DL models for many applications. Therefore, it is imperative to codesign algorithms, compilers, and hardware to accelerate advances in this field with holistic system-level and algorithm solutions that improve performance, power, and efficiency. Advancing DL systems generally involves three types of engineers: (1) data scientists that utilize and develop DL algorithms in partnership with domain experts, such as medical, economic, or climate scientists; (2) hardware designers that develop specialized hardware to accelerate the components in the DL models; and (3) performance and compiler engineers that optimize software to run more efficiently on a given hardware. Hardware engineers should be aware of the characteristics and components of production and academic models likely to be adopted by industry to guide design decisions impacting future hardware. Data scientists should be aware of deployment platform constraints when designing models. Performance engineers should support optimizations across diverse models, libraries, and hardware targets. The purpose of this book is to provide a solid understanding of (1) the design, training, and applications of DL algorithms in industry; (2) the compiler techniques to map deep learning code to hardware targets; and (3) the critical hardware features that accelerate DL systems. This book aims to facilitate co-innovation for the advancement of DL systems. It is written for engineers working in one or more of these areas who seek to understand the entire system stack in order to better collaborate with engineers working in other parts of the system stack. The book details advancements and adoption of DL models in industry, explains the training and deployment process, describes the essential hardware architectural features needed for today's and future models, and details advances in DL compilers to efficiently execute algorithms across various hardware targets. Unique in this book is the holistic exposition of the entire DL system stack, the emphasis on commercial applications, and the practical techniques to design models and accelerate their performance. The author is fortunate to work with hardware, software, data scientist, and research teams across many high-technology companies with hyperscale data centers. These companies employ many of the examples and methods provided throughout the book.

Inside the Machine

Download Inside the Machine PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : No Starch Press
ISBN 13 : 1593271042
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (932 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inside the Machine by : Jon Stokes

Download or read book Inside the Machine written by Jon Stokes and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Om hvordan mikroprocessorer fungerer, med undersøgelse af de nyeste mikroprocessorer fra Intel, IBM og Motorola.

Multi-Computer Architectures for Artificial Intelligence

Download Multi-Computer Architectures for Artificial Intelligence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Multi-Computer Architectures for Artificial Intelligence by : Leonard Uhr

Download or read book Multi-Computer Architectures for Artificial Intelligence written by Leonard Uhr and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-02-20 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the most current and complete evaluation of multi-computer networks. It presents an up-to-date and detailed survey which describes the large number of multi-computer architectures that have been built during the past few years, and the even greater variety that are presently being built, designed, and explored. Special emphasis is given to approaches that show promise for handling complex real-world problems in real time. Describes the range of problems that confront workers in artificial intelligence (AI), and explains some of the major approaches being taken by AI researchers, focusing on the robust, flexible, extremely fast (hence highly parallel) systems. Presents judgements and opinions as to the most promising multi-computer archtectures for AI--including a number of exciting multi-computer structures.