Agriculture And Reform In The Soviet Union

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Agriculture and the State in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia

Author : Stephen Wegren
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 0822977265
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and the State in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia by : Stephen Wegren

Download or read book Agriculture and the State in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia written by Stephen Wegren and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 1999 Edward A. Hewett Book Prize from AAASS A comprehensive, original, and innovative analysis of the social, economic, and political factors affecting contemporary Russian reform, the book is organized around the central question of the role of the state and its effect on the course of Russian agrarian reform. In the wake of the collapse of the USSR, contemporary conventional wisdom holds the the Russian state is "weak." Stephen Wegren feels that the traditional approach to the weak/strong state suffers from measurement and circular logic problems, believing that the Russian state, thought weaker than in its Soviet past, is still relatively stronger than other actors. The state's strength allows it to intervene in the rural sector in ways that other power contender cannot.Specifically, as a measure of state intervention, Wegren analyzes how the state has influenced urban-rural relations, rural-rural relations, and the nonstate (private) agricultural sector. Several dilemmas arose that have complicated successful agrarian reform as a result of the nature of state interventions, how reform policies were defined, and the incentives rhar arose from state-sponsored policies. During contemporary Russian agrarian reform, urban-rural differences have widened, marked by a deterioration in rural standards of living and increased alienation of rural political groups from urban alliances. At the same time, within the rural sector, reform failed to reverse rural egalitarianism. In addition, the nature of state interventions has undermined attempts to create a vibrant, productive private rural sector based on private farming.Wegren's research is based upon extensive field work, interviews, archival documents, and published and unpublished source material conducted over a six-year period, and he demonstrates the link between agrarian reform and the success of overall reform in Russia. This learned and often controversial volume will interest political scientists, policy makers, and scholars and students of contemporary Russia.

Agricultural Reforms in the Soviet Union and China

Author : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Reforms in the Soviet Union and China by : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee

Download or read book Agricultural Reforms in the Soviet Union and China written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Trade

Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade by : United States. General Accounting Office

Download or read book International Trade written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Agriculture and Reform in the Soviet Union

Author : T. G. MacAulay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and Reform in the Soviet Union by : T. G. MacAulay

Download or read book Agriculture and Reform in the Soviet Union written by T. G. MacAulay and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia

Author : David J. O'Brien
Publisher : Woodrow Wilson Center Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801869600
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia by : David J. O'Brien

Download or read book Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia written by David J. O'Brien and published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press. This book was released on 2002-03-20 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia reviews change in agricultural and rural life since 1990 through historical, political, sociological, and anthropological investigation. The contributors' interest is not so much in agriculture itself but in agrarian issues such as the relationship between rural interests and changing Russian institutions, the economic and social organization of rural households, and the quality of life in rural families and villages.

Corn Crusade

Author : Aaron T. Hale-Dorrell
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190644672
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Corn Crusade by : Aaron T. Hale-Dorrell

Download or read book Corn Crusade written by Aaron T. Hale-Dorrell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scarcely making ends meet -- Industrial agriculture, the logic of corn -- Corn politics -- Better living through corn -- Growing corn, raising citizens -- From Kolkhoznik to wage earner -- American technology, Soviet practice -- Battles over corn

Former Soviet Union

Author : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289244750
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (447 download)

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Book Synopsis Former Soviet Union by : U S Government Accountability Office (G

Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO assessed the: (1) status of agricultural reforms in the newly independent states in the former Soviet Union; (2) relationship, if any, between U.S. credit-guaranteed food exports and agricultural reform; (3) amount of U.S. credit provided to the former Soviet Union, and whether food provided under the guarantees is distributed equitably among its republics; and (4) food situation in the newly independent states. GAO found that: (1) implementation of agricultural reforms has been slow, and some reforms have been partially rescinded; (2) guarantee-assisted food imports from the United States and other countries may hinder agricultural reform in the newly independent states by prolonging the existence of state-owned enterprises that process and distribute the food; (3) guarantee-assisted food imports may hinder agricultural production by keeping prices down for domestically-produced food; (4) some state officials believe that credit-assisted food imports benefit the economic reform process by preventing food shortages in their countries; (5) the United States does not place conditions on credit guarantees related to implementation of agricultural reforms, but some state and other officials believe that placing conditions on these credit guarantees is necessary to move the reform process forward while meeting food needs; (6) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) made $3.75 billion in GSM-102 export credit guarantees available to the Soviet Union before it was dissolved; (7) the distribution of credit guarantee-assisted food imports among the former Soviet republics has been generally equitable; (8) USDA is not required to monitor the distribution of food imports under GSM-102 program guidelines; (9) food supplies were generally adequate during 1991 through 1992, but there were shortages for some items; and (10) food affordability became a serious concern for many citizens during 1992 and remains a problem in 1993.

Land Reform and Farm Sector Restructuring in the Former Soviet Union and Russia

Author : Csaba Csaki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Land Reform and Farm Sector Restructuring in the Former Soviet Union and Russia by : Csaba Csaki

Download or read book Land Reform and Farm Sector Restructuring in the Former Soviet Union and Russia written by Csaba Csaki and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Trade

Author : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289259235
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (592 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade by : U S Government Accountability Office (G

Download or read book International Trade written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reported on: (1) recent Soviet agricultural reforms; and (2) the U.S. government's response to these reforms. GAO found that: (1) the overall objective of the Soviet Union's agricultural strategy was to improve the quality and quantity of food available to its citizens by restructuring investments, streamlining the bureaucracy, and improving economic incentives; (2) Soviet food reforms focused on supply rather than demand factors, which has increased productivity but has worsened the balance in the food economy; (3) key problems plaguing Soviet agriculture include confusion about the direction of reform, bureaucratic resistance, little autonomy for farmers contending with serious supply problems, serious infrastructure problems in transportation, storage, and processing, persistent risk-averse behavior of farm workers, the inability to introduce workable price reform, and monetary imbalances in the overall Soviet economy; (4) the Soviet Union continues to import huge quantities of grain and other agricultural commodities in spite of its agricultural reforms; (5) the United States has entered into long-term bilateral grain agreements with the Soviet Union to minimize market disruptions, stabilize U.S. domestic prices, promote an orderly expansion of trade between the two countries, and enlarge an agricultural export market with a potentially large customer; and (6) U.S. government officials and private-sector analysts question the advisability of offering export credit guarantees to the Soviet Union in light of its human rights violations, its collapsing economy, and its deteriorating creditworthiness.

"Masters of the Land"?

Author : Eric F. Green
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)

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Book Synopsis "Masters of the Land"? by : Eric F. Green

Download or read book "Masters of the Land"? written by Eric F. Green and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perestroika in the Countryside

Author : William Moskoff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315489120
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Perestroika in the Countryside by : William Moskoff

Download or read book Perestroika in the Countryside written by William Moskoff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of seven papers originally given at the 1989 meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies. The authors come from the fields of economics, history, and political science and are all specialists in the field of Soviet and East European agriculture. The first essay, by David Macey, assesses Gorbachev's agricultural reform in light of the experience of the Stolypin reforms at the beginning of the century. The essays by Jim Butterfield and Ed Cook examine the impediments to successful reform from the perspective of a political scientist and an economist. Karen Brooks and Don Van Atta concentrate their attention on the efforts to introduce lease contracting into agriculture. D.Gale Johnson's essay examines the economic effects of trade liberalization in agriculture. The final paper, by Michael Marrese, suggests that there are lessons for the Soviet Union to be learned from the Hungarian experience, namely, that the changes in agriculture must be comprehensive and that the party can win over popular support if its agricultural policies succeed.

Private Agriculture in the Soviet Union

Author : Stefan Hedlund
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000682226
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Agriculture in the Soviet Union by : Stefan Hedlund

Download or read book Private Agriculture in the Soviet Union written by Stefan Hedlund and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1989. Perestroika, it was widely believed, must succeed in agriculture before permanent change could be affected elsewhere in the Soviet economy. But Soviet agriculture had so far remained stubbornly inefficient and resistant to change. In this book Stefan Hedlund investigates the reasons for this state of affairs. The author gives an account of the emergence, development and performance of private agriculture in the Soviet Union. In particular he describes the essentials of the peculiarly Soviet hybrid of private and socialized agriculture. He places the private sector within the broader framework of Soviet agriculture. He saw Soviet agriculture as a ‘Black Hole’, ready to absorb any resources that came near, be they private plots, urban gardens, factory workshops or military units. Hedlund also examines the impact on the peasants as producers of decades of negative ideological pronouncements in Party propaganda, and of discrimination and at times outright harassment by local officials. He points out that this background makes the prospect of any positive response from the peasants to Gorbachev’s call for perestroika in agriculture extremely unlikely.

From Marx and Mao to the Market

Author : Johan F. M. Swinnen
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191537225
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis From Marx and Mao to the Market by : Johan F. M. Swinnen

Download or read book From Marx and Mao to the Market written by Johan F. M. Swinnen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-01-26 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of China as a global economic powerhouse, the uncertain path of Russia towards a market economy, and the integration of ten Central and Eastern European countries into the European Union (EU) have occupied the minds and agendas of many policy-makers, business leaders and scholars from around the world at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century. Twenty years ago these developments were unimaginable. The impact of these changes is so vast that the importance of understanding the forces that unleashed this process, how these changes became possible, and what the lessons are for other developing countries, cannot be overestimated. This book is the first effort to analyze the economics and politics of agricultural reforms by comparing the reform processes, their causes and their effects across this vast region. The authors draw on a vast set of studies and new data, which compare reforms and economic impacts in more than 25 countries, to come up with a series of conclusions and implications on the role of economic reforms in growth, and the importance of initial conditions and political constraints in explaining the choices that were made and their effects. The book analyzes some of the most successful sets of agricultural policies in history that have lifted people out of poverty, raising productivity and incomes by staggering amounts. At the same time the book explains the reasons behind dramatic failures in policy processes and reforms that caused hunger, poverty and which had devastating effects on economic growth and development for millions of other people.

Former Soviet Union

Author : United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Former Soviet Union by : United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division

Download or read book Former Soviet Union written by United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reorganization and Reform in the Soviet Economy

Author : Susan J. Linz
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315493209
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Reorganization and Reform in the Soviet Economy by : Susan J. Linz

Download or read book Reorganization and Reform in the Soviet Economy written by Susan J. Linz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-07-12 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Richly represented in the Russian folktale tradition, the legends in this work are religious tales in a peasant village setting. Among the standard themes is the return of Christ, who wanders through rural Russia with his disciples. Satan appears too, as do a cast of spirits and lesser devils.

Socialist Agriculture In Transition

Author : Joseph C Brada
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000312011
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Socialist Agriculture In Transition by : Joseph C Brada

Download or read book Socialist Agriculture In Transition written by Joseph C Brada and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of altered investment priorities, policymakers in socialist countries can no longer increase the resources devoted to agriculture as they have in the past. Instead, they must seek alternative means of improving agricultural performance. One approach has been to change the structure of socialist agriculture and to foster organizational changes within agricultural units. The contributors to this volume evaluate such reforms and weigh their implications for agricultural output and trade. They examine the normless links being introduced in the USSR and compare Soviet experiences with the successes of Chinese and Hungarian reorganizations; describe and analyze the changes being implemented in the German Democratic Republic, Yugoslavia, and Vietnam; and pay particular attention to the role of Polish agriculture in the production crisis and to agriculture's potential for improving Poland's overall economic performance. The contributors also address issues of infrastructure development, the incentives being developed to foster more efficient allocation of resources within the agricultural sector, and the likely growth of East-West and intra-socialist agricultural trade.

Agrarian Reform in Russia

Author : Carol S. Leonard
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139491385
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrarian Reform in Russia by : Carol S. Leonard

Download or read book Agrarian Reform in Russia written by Carol S. Leonard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of reforms and major state interventions affecting Russian agriculture: the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the Stolypin reforms, the NEP, the Collectivization, Khrushchev reforms, and finally farm enterprise privatization in the early 1990s. It shows a pattern emerging from a political imperative in imperial, Soviet, and post-Soviet regimes, and it describes how these reforms were justified in the name of the national interest during severe crises - rapid inflation, military defeat, mass strikes, rural unrest, and/or political turmoil. It looks at the consequences of adversity in the economic environment for rural behavior after reform and at long-run trends. It has chapters on property rights, rural organization, and technological change. It provides a new database for measuring agricultural productivity from 1861 to 1913 and updates these estimates to the present. This book is a study of the policies aimed at reorganizing rural production and their effectiveness in transforming institutions.