Aerosol Cloud Radiation Interactions In Atmospheric Forecast Models

Download Aerosol Cloud Radiation Interactions In Atmospheric Forecast Models full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Aerosol Cloud Radiation Interactions In Atmospheric Forecast Models ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation Interactions in Atmospheric Forecast Models

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation Interactions in Atmospheric Forecast Models by :

Download or read book Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation Interactions in Atmospheric Forecast Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term goal of this research is to gain a deeper understanding of how atmospheric aerosols affect the transmission of radiation through the atmosphere and influence cloud properties. The scientific objectives of this project are to identify the specific manner in which atmospheric aerosols determine cloud properties and to represent these interactions in atmospheric models. The technological objective is to develop state-of-the-art instruments for aircraft sampling of aerosols that advance the long-term goals of the project. The investigators conducted comprehensive aircraft sampling of atmospheric particles and radiative and cloud properties. These samplings were complemented by laboratory investigations and theoretical analysis. The Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE-II) was carried out in the eastern Pacific Ocean off Monterey, California, during July 2007 with the CIRPAS Twin Otter. Comprehensive measurements were made of aerosol and cloud properties in areas both perturbed and unperturbed by local emissions. Sixteen flights were made, for a total of 70 flight hours. We have analyzed data from 13 individual clouds, 5 of which have evidence of ship exhaust. Observational data on aerosol-cloud-drizzle relationships in marine stratocumulus were analyzed. The data demonstrate, in accordance with those from other field studies, that increased cloud drop number concentration and decreased cloud-top effective radius are associated with increased subcloud aerosol concentration. Modulation of drizzle by variations in aerosol levels is clearly evident. Simultaneous aircraft and A-Train satellite observations have been used to quantify the precipitation susceptibility of clouds to aerosol perturbations in the eastern Pacific region.

The Impact of Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction on California Weather

Author : Hsiang-He Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321363142
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (631 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction on California Weather by : Hsiang-He Lee

Download or read book The Impact of Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction on California Weather written by Hsiang-He Lee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The source-oriented Weather Research and Forecasting chemistry model (SOWC) was modified to include warm/cold cloud processes and applied to investigate 1) how source-oriented aerosols influence fog formation and optical properties in the atmosphere, 2) how aerosol mixing state influences cloud and ice formation and atmospheric optical properties during a winter storm, and 3) the direct, semi-direct, and indirect effects of long-range transport dust on severe weather over California and the Eastern Pacific. SOWC tracks 6-dimensional chemical variables (X, Z, Y, Size Bins, Source Types, Species) through an explicit simulation of atmospheric chemistry and physics. In this study, all aerosol source types can activate to form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) based on the Köhler theory, but the dust is the only source of ice nuclei (IN). Furthermore, a new source-oriented cloud module in the two-moment Purdue Lin microphysics scheme, and a new module with all source-oriented hydrometeors (cloud, ice, rain, snow and graupel) in the Morrison two-moment microphysics scheme were implemented into the SOWC model to study fog events and winter storm cases, respectively. In Chapter 2, the enhanced SOWC model was used to study a fog event that occurred on January 17th, 2011, in the Central Valley of California. The SOWC reasonably portrays the spatial distribution and duration of the fog event consistent with observations. The source-oriented mixture representation of particles reduced cloud droplet number relative to the internal mixture approach that artificially coats hydrophobic particles with hygroscopic components. The fraction of aerosols activating into CCN at a supersaturation of 0.5% in the Central Valley decreased from 86% in the internal mixture model to 68% in the source-oriented model. This increased the surface energy flux by 3-5 W m-2 and surface temperature by as much as 0.15 K. In Chapter 3, the enhanced SOWC model was used to study a winter storm that occurred on March 6th, 2011, in California. Compared to ground based observations, SOWC with the modified Morrison microphysics scheme and modified Goddard radiation schemes predicted reasonable precipitation, but the onset of precipitation is delayed by 5 hours. Immersion freezing was the main mechanism for ice nuclei formation. Secondary coatings on dust particles increased IN from immersion freezing but decreased IN from contact freezing. Increasing CCN and IN in the internal mixing experiment produced more ice crystals and cloud droplets but did not significantly alter total perception under the conditions studied. However, because of the reducing riming efficiency from snow to graupel in the source-oriented mixing experiment, it resulted more snowfall (less rainfall) on the ground, especially over the mountain area. In Chapter 4, the SOWC model was used to understand the direct, semi-direct, and indirect effects of long-range transport dust on severe weather over Eastern Pacific Ocean. The maximum averaged IN nucleation rate increased 36% after adding long-range transport dust. Because clouds in mid-latitude originate precipitately via the ice phase, an increase in IN can enhance ice formation from supercooled water by heterogenetic freezing (mainly contact freezing) and then to alter hydrometer water amount. Adding long-range transport dust increased the mixing ratio and number concentration for almost all hydrometers. However, the changes of adding local dust in local+LR_dust from LR_dust is more complicated due to the importance of hydrometers in the cumulus scheme. The change in the strength of convection after adding long-range transport dust (or local dust) also produces a noticeable distinction in the precipitation pattern, but the total precipitation did not have major difference after adding long-range transport dust (or local dust).

Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions

Author : Peter V. Hobbs
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080959962
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions by : Peter V. Hobbs

Download or read book Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions written by Peter V. Hobbs and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1993-07-22 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol and clouds play important roles in determining the earth's climate, in ways that we are only beginning to comprehend. In conjunction with molecular scattering from gases, aerosol and clouds determine in part what fraction of solar radiation reaches the earth's surface, and what fraction of the longwave radiation from the earth escapes to space. This book provides an overview of the latest research on atmospheric aerosol and clouds and their effects on global climate. Subjects reviewed include the direct and indirect effects of aerosol on climate, the radiative properties of clouds and their effects on the Earth's radiation balance, the incorporation of cloud effects in numerical weather prediction models, and stratospheric aerosol and clouds.

Opportunities to Improve Representation of Clouds and Aerosols in Climate Models with Classified Observing Systems

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309443458
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Opportunities to Improve Representation of Clouds and Aerosols in Climate Models with Classified Observing Systems by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Opportunities to Improve Representation of Clouds and Aerosols in Climate Models with Classified Observing Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most significant and uncertain aspects of climate change projections is the impact of aerosols on the climate system. Aerosols influence the climate indirectly by interacting with nearby clouds leading to small changes in cloud cover, thickness, and altitude, which significantly affect Earth's radiative balance. Advancements have been made in recent years on understanding the complex processes and atmospheric interactions involved when aerosols interact with surrounding clouds, but further progress has been hindered by limited observations. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a workshop to discuss the usefulness of the classified observing systems in advancing understanding of cloud and aerosol interactions. Because these systems were not developed with weather and climate modeling as a primary mission objective, many participants said it is necessary for scientists to find creative ways to utilize the data. The data from these systems have the potential to be useful in advancing understanding of cloud and aerosol interactions. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Analysis of the Aerosol-radiation-cloud Interactions Through the Use of Regional Climate/chemistry Coupled Models

Author : Rocío Baró Esteban
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Analysis of the Aerosol-radiation-cloud Interactions Through the Use of Regional Climate/chemistry Coupled Models by : Rocío Baró Esteban

Download or read book Analysis of the Aerosol-radiation-cloud Interactions Through the Use of Regional Climate/chemistry Coupled Models written by Rocío Baró Esteban and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The response of the climate systems to aerosols and their effect on the radiative budget of the Earth is the most uncertain climate feedback and one of the key topics in climate change mitigation. Air quality-climate studies (AQCI) are a key, but uncertain contributor to the anthropogenic forcing that remains poorly understood. To build confidence in the AQCI studies, regional-scale integrated meteorology-atmospheric chemistry models are in demand. The main objective of the present Thesis is the characterization of the uncertainties in the climate-chemistry-aerosol-cloud-radiation system associated to the aerosol direct and indirect radiative effects caused by aerosols over Europe, employing an ensemble of fully-coupled climate and chemistry model simulations. The first topic covered deals with the microphysics parameterization configuration of an online-coupled model. The differences when using two microphysics schemes within the Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model are analyzed. The evaluated simulations come from the Air quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) Phase 2. The impact on several variables is estimated when selecting Morrison vs. Lin microphysics. The results showed smaller and more numerous cloud droplets simulated with the Morrison and therefore this scheme is more effective in scattering shortwave radiation. Also, the impact of biomass burning (BB) aerosols on surface winds during the Russian heat wave and wildfires episode is studied. The methodology consists of three WRF-Chem simulations over Europe, run under the context of EuMetChem COST Action ES1004, differing in the inclusion (or not) of aerosol-radiation (ARI) and aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI). These aerosols can affect surface winds where emission sources are located and further from the release areas. Local winds decrease due to a reduction of shortwave radiation at the ground, which leads to decreases in 2-m temperature. Atmospheric stability increases when considering aerosol feedbacks, inducing a lower planetary boundary layer height. This Dissertation also investigates the ability of an ensemble of simulations to elucidate the aerosol-radiation-cloud interactions. An assessment of whether the inclusion of atmospheric aerosol radiative feedbacks during two aerosol case studies of an ensemble of on-line coupled models improves the simulation results for maximum, mean and minimum 2-m temperature is done. The simulations (COST Action ES1004) are evaluated against observational data from E-OBS database. In both episodes, a general underestimation of the studied variables is found, being most noticeable in maximum temperature. The biases are improved when including ARI or ARI+ACI in the dust case. Although the ensemble does not outperform the individual models (in general), its improvements when including ARI+ARI are more remarkable. Last, an improvement of the spatio-temporal variability and correlation coefficients when aerosol radiative effects are included is found. Finally, the representation of the ACI in regional-scale integrated models when simulating the climate-chemistry-cloud-radiation system is analyzed. It complements the temperature analyses. The evaluated simulations are run in the context of AQMEII Phase 2 and include the ARI+ACI interactions. Simulations are evaluated against the (ESA) Cloud_cci data. Results show an underestimation(overestimation) of cloud fraction (CFR) over land(ocean) areas, which could be related to satellite retrieval missing thin clouds. Lower bias and mean absolute error (MAE) are found in the ensemble Cloud optical depth (COD) and cloud liquid ice path (CIP) are generally underestimated. The differences are related to microphysics. The development of this Thesis has contributed to the state of the art in AQCI studies. Although including aerosol feedbacks does not modify the bias, the spatio-temporal variability and correlation coefficients are improved.

Aerosol-Cloud Interactions from Urban, Regional, to Global Scales

Author : Yuan Wang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662471752
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aerosol-Cloud Interactions from Urban, Regional, to Global Scales by : Yuan Wang

Download or read book Aerosol-Cloud Interactions from Urban, Regional, to Global Scales written by Yuan Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies in this dissertation aim at advancing our scientific understandings about physical processes involved in the aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction and quantitatively assessing the impacts of aerosols on the cloud systems with diverse scales over the globe on the basis of the observational data analysis and various modeling studies. As recognized in the Fifth Assessment Report by the Inter-government Panel on Climate Change, the magnitude of radiative forcing by atmospheric aerosols is highly uncertain, representing the largest uncertainty in projections of future climate by anthropogenic activities. By using a newly implemented cloud microphysical scheme in the cloud-resolving model, the thesis assesses aerosol-cloud interaction for distinct weather systems, ranging from individual cumulus to mesoscale convective systems. This thesis also introduces a novel hierarchical modeling approach that solves a long outstanding mismatch between simulations by regional weather models and global climate models in the climate modeling community. More importantly, the thesis provides key scientific solutions to several challenging questions in climate science, including the global impacts of the Asian pollution. As scientists wrestle with the complexities of climate change in response to varied anthropogenic forcing, perhaps no problem is more challenging than the understanding of the impacts of atmospheric aerosols from air pollution on clouds and the global circulation.

Study of Aerosol/Cloud/Radiation Interactions Over the ARM SGP Site

Author : C. Chuang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Study of Aerosol/Cloud/Radiation Interactions Over the ARM SGP Site by : C. Chuang

Download or read book Study of Aerosol/Cloud/Radiation Interactions Over the ARM SGP Site written by C. Chuang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While considerable advances in the understanding of atmospheric processes and feedbacks in the climate system have led to a better representation of these mechanisms in general circulation models (GCMs), the greatest uncertainty in predictability of future climate arises from clouds and their interactions with radiation. To explore this uncertainty, cloud resolving model has been evolved as one of the main tools for understanding and testing cloud feedback processes in climate models, whereas the indirect effects of aerosols are closely linked with cloud feedback processes. In this study we incorporated an existing parameterization of cloud drop concentration (Chuang et al., 2002a) together with aerosol prediction from a global chemistry/aerosol model (IMPACT) (Rotman et al., 2004; Chuang et al., 2002b; Chuang et al., 2005) into LLNL cloud resolving model (Chin, 1994; Chin et al., 1995; Chin and Wilhelmson, 1998) to investigate the effects of aerosols on cloud/precipitation properties and the resulting radiation fields over the Southern Great Plains.

Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in Moist Orographic Flows

Author : Andreas Mühlbauer
Publisher : Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG
ISBN 13 : 9783838106809
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (68 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in Moist Orographic Flows by : Andreas Mühlbauer

Download or read book Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Interactions in Moist Orographic Flows written by Andreas Mühlbauer and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols are ubiquitous in the Earth's atmosphere and influence the climate system through their interactions with clouds and radiation. With their ability to serve as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei aerosols influence microphysical processes in clouds thereby potentially affecting precipitation. In this book the possible effects of aerosols on orographic precipitation are investigated with a numerical model.

Handbook of Hydrometeorological Ensemble Forecasting

Author : Qingyun Duan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642399244
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (992 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Hydrometeorological Ensemble Forecasting by : Qingyun Duan

Download or read book Handbook of Hydrometeorological Ensemble Forecasting written by Qingyun Duan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrometeorological prediction involves the forecasting of the state and variation of hydrometeorological elements -- including precipitation, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, river discharge, groundwater, etc.-- at different space and time scales. Such forecasts form an important scientific basis for informing public of natural hazards such as cyclones, heat waves, frosts, droughts and floods. Traditionally, and at most currently operational centers, hydrometeorological forecasts are deterministic, “single-valued” outlooks: i.e., the weather and hydrological models provide a single best guess of the magnitude and timing of the impending events. These forecasts suffer the obvious drawback of lacking uncertainty information that would help decision-makers assess the risks of forecast use. Recently, hydrometeorological ensemble forecast approaches have begun to be developed and used by operational collection of hydrometeorological services. In contrast to deterministic forecasts, ensemble forecasts are a multiple forecasts of the same events. The ensemble forecasts are generated by perturbing uncertain factors such as model forcings, initial conditions, and/or model physics. Ensemble techniques are attractive because they not only offer an estimate of the most probable future state of the hydrometeorological system, but also quantify the predictive uncertainty of a catastrophic hydrometeorological event occurring. The Hydrological Ensemble Prediction Experiment (HEPEX), initiated in 2004, has signaled a new era of collaboration toward the development of hydrometeorological ensemble forecasts. By bringing meteorologists, hydrologists and hydrometeorological forecast users together, HEPEX aims to improve operational hydrometeorological forecast approaches to a standard that can be used with confidence by emergencies and water resources managers. HEPEX advocates a hydrometeorological ensemble prediction system (HEPS) framework that consists of several basic building blocks. These components include:(a) an approach (typically statistical) for addressing uncertainty in meteorological inputs and generating statistically consistent space/time meteorological inputs for hydrological applications; (b) a land data assimilation approach for leveraging observation to reduce uncertainties in the initial and boundary conditions of the hydrological system; (c) approaches that address uncertainty in model parameters (also called ‘calibration’); (d) a hydrologic model or other approach for converting meteorological inputs into hydrological outputs; and finally (e) approaches for characterizing hydrological model output uncertainty. Also integral to HEPS is a verification system that can be used to evaluate the performance of all of its components. HEPS frameworks are being increasingly adopted by operational hydrometeorological agencies around the world to support risk management related to flash flooding, river and coastal flooding, drought, and water management. Real benefits of ensemble forecasts have been demonstrated in water emergence management decision making, optimization of reservoir operation, and other applications.

The Atmospheric Sciences

Author : Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309517656
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Atmospheric Sciences by : Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate

Download or read book The Atmospheric Sciences written by Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-11-05 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology has propelled the atmospheric sciences from a fledgling discipline to a global enterprise. Findings in this field shape a broad spectrum of decisions--what to wear outdoors, whether aircraft should fly, how to deal with the issue of climate change, and more. This book presents a comprehensive assessment of the atmospheric sciences and offers a vision for the future and a range of recommendations for federal authorities, the scientific community, and education administrators. How does atmospheric science contribute to national well-being? In the context of this question, the panel identifies imperatives in scientific observation, recommends directions for modeling and forecasting research, and examines management issues, including the growing problem of weather data availability. Five subdisciplines--physics, chemistry, dynamics and weather forecasting, upper atmosphere and near-earth space physics, climate and climate change--and their status as the science enters the twenty-first century are examined in detail, including recommendations for research. This readable book will be of interest to public-sector policy framers and private-sector decisionmakers as well as researchers, educators, and students in the atmospheric sciences.

On the Representation of Aerosol-cloud Interactions in Atmospheric Models

Author : Donifan Barahona
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (761 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis On the Representation of Aerosol-cloud Interactions in Atmospheric Models by : Donifan Barahona

Download or read book On the Representation of Aerosol-cloud Interactions in Atmospheric Models written by Donifan Barahona and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic atmospheric aerosols (suspended particulate matter) can modify the radiative balance (and climate) of the Earth by altering the properties and global distribution of clouds. Current climate models however cannot adequately account for many important aspects of these aerosol-cloud interactions, ultimately leading to a large uncertainty in the estimation of the magnitude of the effect of aerosols on climate. This thesis focuses on the development of physically-based descriptions of aerosol-cloud processes in climate models that help to address some of such predictive uncertainty. It includes the formulation of a new analytical parameterization for the formation of ice clouds, and the inclusion of the effects of mixing and kinetic limitations in existing liquid cloud parameterizations. The parameterizations are analytical solutions to the cloud ice and water particle nucleation problem, developed within a framework that considers the mass and energy balances associated with the freezing and droplet activation of aerosol particles. The new frameworks explicitly account for the impact of cloud formation dynamics, the aerosol size and composition, and the dominant freezing mechanism (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous) on the ice crystal and droplet concentration and size distribution. Application of the new parameterizations is demonstrated in the NASA Global Modeling Initiative atmospheric and chemical and transport model to study the effect of aerosol emissions on the global distribution of ice crystal concentration, and, the effect of entrainment during cloud droplet activation on the global cloud radiative properties. The ice cloud formation framework is also used within a parcel ensemble model to understand the microphysical structure of cirrus clouds at very low temperature. The frameworks developed in this work provide an efficient, yet rigorous, representation of cloud formation processes from precursor aerosol. They are suitable for the study of the effect of anthropogenic aerosol emissions on cloud formation, and can contribute to the improvement of the predictive ability of atmospheric models and to the understanding of the impact of human activities on climate.

Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models by :

Download or read book Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction Studies with GEOS-4 Model and Comparison with Observations

Author : Partha Sarathi Bhattacharjee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction Studies with GEOS-4 Model and Comparison with Observations by : Partha Sarathi Bhattacharjee

Download or read book Aerosol-cloud-radiation Interaction Studies with GEOS-4 Model and Comparison with Observations written by Partha Sarathi Bhattacharjee and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing human population and rapid urbanization in the last two decades have caused a sharp rise in anthropogenic aerosols particularly over South and East Asia. Numerous studies have shown that aerosols play an important role in climate change through their interaction with the global water and energy cycles. Thus Aerosol-cloud-radiation-monsoon interaction related droughts and floods are two of the most serious environmental hazards confronting more than 60% of the population of the world living in the Asian monsoon countries. General circulation models (GCMs) are an important tool for understanding the climate response to changes in the amounts and composition of aerosols due to evolving use of fossil and biomass fuels. This dissertation attempt to get an insight into the aerosol-cloud interaction and study impacts of aerosol forcing, with particular emphasis on the interaction of aerosol with monsoon water cycle. NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) version 4 General Circulation Model (called GEOS4-GCM) with moist convection of Relaxed Arakawa-Schubert Scheme (McRAS) clouds and state-of-the-art parameterization of cloud microphysical process is used this study. A Single Column version (SCM) of the model is used to evaluate various parameterization schemes by comparing against in-situ and satellite observations. The model simulated realistic annual mean and annual cycles of cloud water, cloud optical thickness, cloud drop number concentration and effective radius without showing any systematic biases. GCM version of the model is used to study aerosol induced anomalies during summer months (June-August) particularly focusing over Indian monsoon. The individual aerosol effects (direct and indirect) and their combination show different impacts on radiation as well as on cloud microphysics, precipitation and circulation. However, complexities of nucleation of ice clouds in the model result not enough aerosols were acting as ice nuclei, which led to incomplete understanding of indirect effect in the atmosphere.

Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models

Author : David A. Randall
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811333963
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models by : David A. Randall

Download or read book Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models written by David A. Randall and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the development of physical parameterization over the last 2 to 3 decades and provides a roadmap for its future development. It covers important physical processes: convection, clouds, radiation, land-surface, and the orographic effect. The improvement of numerical models for predicting weather and climate at a variety of places and times has progressed globally. However, there are still several challenging areas, which need to be addressed with a better understanding of physical processes based on observations, and to subsequently be taken into account by means of improved parameterization. And this is all the more important since models are increasingly being used at higher horizontal and vertical resolutions. Encouraging debate on the cloud-resolving approach or the hybrid approach with parameterized convection and grid-scale cloud microphysics and its impact on models’ intrinsic predictability, the book offers a motivating reference guide for all researchers whose work involves physical parameterization problems and numerical models.

Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XX

Author : Douw G. Steyn
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9048138124
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XX by : Douw G. Steyn

Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XX written by Douw G. Steyn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in air pollution modelling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This book on air pollution modelling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modelling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation; the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. It consists of a series of papers that were presented at the 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application held in San Francisco, U.S.A., May 18-22, 2009. It is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modelling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.

Cloud/radiation Interactions in a One-dimensional Climate Model

Author : Pei-Jane Lu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Cloud/radiation Interactions in a One-dimensional Climate Model by : Pei-Jane Lu

Download or read book Cloud/radiation Interactions in a One-dimensional Climate Model written by Pei-Jane Lu and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Climatic Effects of Aerosols and Clouds

Author : Kirill I︠A︡kovlevich Kondratʹev
Publisher : Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers
ISBN 13 : 9781852331108
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Climatic Effects of Aerosols and Clouds by : Kirill I︠A︡kovlevich Kondratʹev

Download or read book Climatic Effects of Aerosols and Clouds written by Kirill I︠A︡kovlevich Kondratʹev and published by Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers. This book was released on 1999-01-08 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to provide a complete overview of aerosol physics in climate research, containing details of work carried out in the former Soviet Union that has not been fully recognised in the West.