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Activity Of An Alfa Helical Antimicrobial Peptide On Different Model Membranes Studied With Biophysical Techniques
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Book Synopsis Activity of an Alfa-helical Antimicrobial Peptide on Different Model Membranes Studied with Biophysical Techniques by : Nathaly Melina Marín Medina
Download or read book Activity of an Alfa-helical Antimicrobial Peptide on Different Model Membranes Studied with Biophysical Techniques written by Nathaly Melina Marín Medina and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotic resistance has been declared as a major threat to public health because, in the last decades, bacteria have shown a clear trend becoming resistant to new antibiotics in increasingly shorter periods of time. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), described as "nature's antibiotics", are small amphipathic molecules produced in most complex living organisms as essential components of the innate immune system, whose function is to halt bacterial infections mainly by destabilizing the structure of the bacterial membrane. During the last three decades AMPs have been widely investigated given that understanding their mechanisms of action would provide new strategies for developing innovative antibiotics. Several experimental techniques have been used to study the interactions between AMPs and lipid membranes, each technique showing a somewhat different aspect of AMP action. However, imaging and force spectroscopy obtained with atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been only modestly used. In our research project we studied the interaction between a short cationic alfa-helical AMP and different types of model membranes. The experimental techniques used were fluorescence spectroscopy, AFM and micropipette aspiration, exploring large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs), supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), respectively. Magainin-H2, the peptide under study, forms multimeric pores on lipid bilayers beyond certain peptide/lipid ratio.--Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.
Book Synopsis Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptides with Model Lipid Membranes by : Ahmad Arouri
Download or read book Interaction of Antimicrobial Peptides with Model Lipid Membranes written by Ahmad Arouri and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bridging Membrane Biophysics to Microbiology: Innovating Towards New Peptide and Peptide-based Antimicrobials by : Miguel A. R. B. Castanho
Download or read book Bridging Membrane Biophysics to Microbiology: Innovating Towards New Peptide and Peptide-based Antimicrobials written by Miguel A. R. B. Castanho and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Action of Antimicrobial Peptides on Supported Lipid Bilayers Investigated by Biophysical Methods by : Stefania Piantavigna
Download or read book The Action of Antimicrobial Peptides on Supported Lipid Bilayers Investigated by Biophysical Methods written by Stefania Piantavigna and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of bacteria that have developed resistance towards "traditional" antibiotics is becoming a serious global health threat. Consequently, alternative approaches are needed to find new drugs that can act directly as antibiotics or to assist traditional drugs to improve efficacy. The emergence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a possible new class offers promise. AMPs represent a large and varied group of "natural antibiotics" present in virtually every organism. However, in order to develop new drugs derived from AMPs knowledge of the bioactivity of these is needed, such as concentration ranges and specific bacterial targets. Of great practical importance is to have a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of action of AMPs, so that the risk of cross-reactivity and development of new bacterial resistance is minimised. All AMPs interact with the cell membrane, which is a complex and dynamic system, mostly containing phospholipids and proteins. Phospholipids are not simple "bricks" of the membrane, but they themselves are involved in various cellular processes. Therefore, biomimetic membranes, e.g. supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), represent a valid approach for investigating the interactions between lipids and AMPs. Creation of a supported membrane reduces the complexity of those studies to just one variable. Many variables influence the formation of SLBs and a protocol regarding the formation of SLBs assembled on gold-coated sensors is described in Paper 1. The membrane deposition and the peptide-membrane interactions were investigated using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) (Paper 2). Thus, the action of various peptides were investigated with zwitterionic membranes, which contained negatively charged lipid (bacterial membranes), or cholesterol (mammalian membranes).The action of the two most widely studied AMPs, melittin and magainin 2, on SLBs, has been examined using QCM-D in Chapter 3. These peptides formed "toroidal pores", which lead to membrane disruption. However, the action of these peptides has been found to be both concentration and composition dependent.Many AMPs are enriched in a particular amino acid residue. The influence of several of these peptide residues has been investigated using QCM-D in Chapters 4, 5 and 6. The action of proline-rich peptides apidaecins HbI and HbII, the variant Api88 and oncocin peptides on SLBs, are illustrated in Papers 3, 4 and 5, respectively. These peptides were found to insert into the membrane without any evidence of disruption. The influence of lipid composition on the activity of the arginine-rich peptide Tat has also been investigated with QCM together with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) (Chapter 5). The cell-penetrating Tat peptide was shown to act as a lytic AMP in the presence of negatively charged membranes (Papers 6 and 7).The addition of tryptophan residues in the sequence of a short arginine-rich peptide, (RW)3, caused a dramatic switch from cell penetrating to lytic activity, while the inclusion of ruthenocene in the peptide RcCO-W(RW)2 did not affect the peptide activity (Chapter 6).Finally, in Chapter 7, Uperin 3.5, an amyloid-like AMP, demonstrated that the amyloid fibrils are not necessary for the membrane-disruption. However, the action of Uperin 3.5 towards zwitterionic membranes is switched to insertion if cholesterol is present in the membrane. Thus, QCM has been demonstrated to be an invaluable technique for characterising, in real time, the action of various peptides on SLBs of bacterial mimetic composition and mammalian. However, the combination of QCM with other techniques e.g. SECM, is always encouraged to reinforce this data and to gain a wide perspective of activity.
Book Synopsis A Non-equilibrium Work Study of Antimicrobial Peptide-membrane Interactions by : Mostafa Nategholeslam
Download or read book A Non-equilibrium Work Study of Antimicrobial Peptide-membrane Interactions written by Mostafa Nategholeslam and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Novel Approach to Characterize the Membrane Disrupting Activity of Antimicrobial Peptides Using 2H Solid-state NMR of Whole Escherichia Coli by : James Pius
Download or read book A Novel Approach to Characterize the Membrane Disrupting Activity of Antimicrobial Peptides Using 2H Solid-state NMR of Whole Escherichia Coli written by James Pius and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Protein Self-Assembly by : Jennifer J. McManus
Download or read book Protein Self-Assembly written by Jennifer J. McManus and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-08 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores experimental and computational approaches to measuring the most widely studied protein assemblies, including condensed liquid phases, aggregates, and crystals. The chapters in this book are organized into three parts: Part One looks at the techniques used to measure protein-protein interactions and equilibrium protein phases in dilute and concentrated protein solutions; Part Two describes methods to measure kinetics of aggregation and to characterize the assembled state; and Part Three details several different computational approaches that are currently used to help researchers understand protein self-assembly. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Protein Self-Assembly: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning more about this developing field.
Book Synopsis Interfacial Phenomena by : J.T. Davies
Download or read book Interfacial Phenomena written by J.T. Davies and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interfacial Phenomena examines the fundamental properties of various liquid interfaces. This book discusses the physics of surfaces; electrostatic and electrokinetic phenomena; and adsorption at liquid interfaces. The properties of monolayers; reactions at liquid surfaces; diffusion through interfaces; and disperse systems and adhesion are also deliberated. Other topics include the vapor pressures over curved surfaces; electrical capacity of the double layer; applications of electrophoresis; and thermodynamics of adsorption and desorption. The experimental methods of spreading films at the oil-water interface; penetration into monolayers; experiments on dynamic systems; and spontaneous emulsification are likewise covered in this text. This book is beneficial to chemical engineers and students concerned with interfacial phenomena.
Book Synopsis Cell-Penetrating Peptides by : Ülo Langel
Download or read book Cell-Penetrating Peptides written by Ülo Langel and published by Humana. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divided into three parts this volume summarizes the most important areas of Cell-Penetrating Peptides (CPP) research . Part one briefly presents the historical background of CPP studies and the classifications of the available CPPs, and then summarizes the approaches for prediction of novel CPPs. Part two mainly describes the methods for studies of “naked” CPPs, that is, CPPs without conjugated cargos. Last but not least part three presents a representative and brief summary of functionality issues of CPPs, both in vitro and in vivo. As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Concise and easy-to-use, Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition hopes to raise relevant questions for further development.
Book Synopsis Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques by : Sean R. Gallagher
Download or read book Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques written by Sean R. Gallagher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest title from the acclaimed Current Protocols series, Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques, 2e provides the new researcher with the skills and understanding of the fundamental laboratory procedures necessary to run successful experiments, solve problems, and become a productive member of the modern life science laboratory. From covering the basic skills such as measurement, preparation of reagents and use of basic instrumentation to the more advanced techniques such as blotting, chromatography and real-time PCR, this book will serve as a practical reference manual for any life science researcher. Written by a combination of distinguished investigators and outstanding faculty, Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques, 2e is the cornerstone on which the beginning scientist can develop the skills for a successful research career.
Book Synopsis Emerging Nanotechnologies in Immunology by : Ranjita Shegokar
Download or read book Emerging Nanotechnologies in Immunology written by Ranjita Shegokar and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Nanotechnologies in Immunology aims to deliver a systematic and comprehensive review of data concerning the nature of interaction and nano-related risks between the nanophamaceuticals currently in the pipeline of S&T development for skin, ocular, and nasal drug delivery, including absorption, toxicity, and the ability to distribute after systemic exposure.The scientific development of manufactured nanomaterials for drug delivery is increasing rapidly. One of the most prominent applications is topical drug delivery, where cutaneous, ocular, and nasal exposure becomes even more relevant. These targets are the first barrier that nanoparticles encounter when in contact with the human body.The contributors addresses a representative set of the broad spectrum of nanopharmaceuticals currently being used, including cationic lipid nanoparticles, polymeric PLGA, PLA nanoparticles, biomacromolecules-based nanoparticles, and other scaffolds tissue engineered skin substitutes. Regulation and risk is also covered, since the safety of these nanophamaceuticals still represents a barrier to their wide innovative use. Provides the reader with a thorough knowledge of the safety aspects of nanopharmaceuticals which are currently under research Focuses on the characterization and quantification of the nanopharmaceuticals Allows readers to understand the correlation between the nature of the materials and their potential nanotoxicological effects Includes an overview of regulatory aspects related to the R&D of nanopharmaceuticals
Book Synopsis Antiviral Drug Discovery and Development by : Xinyong Liu
Download or read book Antiviral Drug Discovery and Development written by Xinyong Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-13 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes state-of-the-art antiviral drug design and discovery approaches starting from natural products to de novo design, and provides a timely update on recently approved antiviral drugs and compounds in advanced clinical development. Special attention is paid to viral infections with a high impact on the world population or highly relevant from the public health perspective (HIV, hepatitis C, influenza virus, etc.). In these chapters, limitations associated with adverse effects and emergence of drug resistance are discussed in detail. In addition to classical antiviral strategies, chapters will be dedicated to discuss the non-classical drug development strategies to block viral infection, for instance, allosteric inhibitors, covalent antiviral agents, or antiviral compounds targeting protein–protein interactions. Finally, current prospects for producing broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors will be also addressed. The book is distinctive in providing the most recent update in the rapidly evolving field of antiviral therapeutics. Authoritative reviews are written by international scientists well known for their contributions in their topics of research, which makes this book suitable for researchers not only within the antiviral research community but also attractive to a broad audience in the drug discovery field. This book covers molecular structures and biochemical mechanisms mediating the antiviral effects, while discussing various ligand design strategies, which include traditional medicinal chemistry, computational chemistry, and chemical biology approaches. The book provides a comprehensive review of antiviral drug discovery and development approaches, particularly focusing on current innovations and future trends.
Book Synopsis Bacterial Physiology by : Walid El-Sharoud
Download or read book Bacterial Physiology written by Walid El-Sharoud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-07 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of new molecular methodologies in the study of bacterial behavior and cell architecture has enabled new revolutionary insights and discoveries in these areas. This new text presents recent developments in bacterial physiology that are highly relevant to a wide range of readership including those interested in basic and applied knowledge. Its chapters are written by international scientific authorities at the forefront of the subject. The value of this recent knowledge in bacterial physiology is not only restricted to fundamental biology. It also extends to biotechnology and drug-discovery disciplines.
Book Synopsis Telomerase Inhibition by : Lucy Andrews
Download or read book Telomerase Inhibition written by Lucy Andrews and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-29 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a compendium of the most recent and advanced methods applied to the rapidly expanding field of telomerase inhibition. The techniques described provide the researcher with a diverse and comprehensive set of tools for the study of telomerase inhibition. The volume is aimed at biochemists, molecular biologists, cancer researchers, and geneticists.
Book Synopsis Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry by :
Download or read book Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1971-05-14 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry
Book Synopsis Innovations for Next-Generation Antibody-Drug Conjugates by : Marc Damelin
Download or read book Innovations for Next-Generation Antibody-Drug Conjugates written by Marc Damelin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) stand at the verge of a transformation. Scores of clinical programs have yielded only a few regulatory approvals, but a wave of technological innovation now empowers us to overcome past technical challenges. This volume focuses on the next generation of ADCs and the innovations that will enable them. The book inspires the future by integrating the field’s history with novel strategies and cutting-edge technologies. While the book primarily addresses ADCs for solid tumors, the last chapter explores the emerging interest in using ADCs to treat other diseases. The therapeutic rationale of ADCs is strong: to direct small molecules to the desired site of action (and away from normal tissues) by conjugation to antibodies or other targeting moieties. However, the combination of small and large molecules imposes deep complexity to lead optimization, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, analytics and manufacturing. The field has made significant advances in all of these areas by improving target selection, ADC design, manufacturing methods and clinical strategies. These innovations will inspire and educate scientists who are designing next-generation ADCs with the potential to transform the lives of patients.
Book Synopsis Protein Kinase CK2 — From Structure to Regulation by : Khalil Ahmed
Download or read book Protein Kinase CK2 — From Structure to Regulation written by Khalil Ahmed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-06-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signal Transduction through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins in the cell is now a well-recognized mechanism involved in countless physiological and pathological processes. Consequently, the enzymes, known as protein kinases, which catalyze the phosphorylation of proteins, are critical regulators of cellular events. One of these protein kinases is the protein kinase CK2 (also known as casein kinase 2) that has been implicated in multiple functions including control of cell growth and proliferation. CK2 is a protein serine/threonine kinase which is a highly conserved and ubiquitous protein kinase. It is localized in the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments, which accords with its multiple functional activities in the cell. Pertinent to this is also the recognition that a large number of putative substrates for this kinase have been identified in various compartments of the cell. New evidence from several laboratories has further reinforced the involvement of CK2 in signal transduction related to many cellular functions, thus underscoring the significance of its functional role in normal and abnormal cell growth and proliferation. This volume provides an overview of the state of knowledge concerning this intriguing protein kinase. It brings together contributions from leading investigators engaged in research in this field. Key developments during the past three years pertain to the elaboration of the crystal structure and definition of novel functions of the kinase, such as its role as an inhibitor of apoptosis. Additionally, the shuttling of the kinase to various compartments in response to physiological and stress stimuli appears to be a key feature of the functional regulation of its activity in the cell.
