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Acid Sulfate Weathering In Natural Glacially Derived Soils Of North Western Indiana And The Environmental Implications
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Book Synopsis Acid sulfate weathering in natural glacially derived soils of north western Indiana and the environmental implications by : Nils Charles Landin
Download or read book Acid sulfate weathering in natural glacially derived soils of north western Indiana and the environmental implications written by Nils Charles Landin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment by : Virendra Bahadur Singh
Download or read book Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment written by Virendra Bahadur Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment An indispensable introduction to the key environmental processes of weathering and erosion Natural and human-induced weathering processes can have a great impact on soil and groundwater quality. With climate change and other environmental challenges placing increased emphasis on these resources, it has never been more important for researchers and environmental professionals to attain detailed knowledge of weathering and erosion processes. Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment meets this need with a rigorous, systematic overview. Beginning with a description of different forces and processes that contribute to weathering, it then discusses the different kinds of landforms that can be produced by weathering and erosion processes, as well as the potential impacts of hydrogeological processes on both surface water and groundwater. The result is a volume that balances qualitative and quantitative understanding of this crucial subject. Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment readers will also find: Documented examples in which weathering and erosion processes have led to heavy metals and other trace elements in groundwater Detailed discussion of climate change impacts, including extreme weather events and rising carbon dioxide levels Modeling approaches throughout to enable quantitative assessment and predictions of future impact Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment is ideal for researchers and advanced students in geology, geochemistry, hydrogeochemistry and environmental science, as well as professionals dealing with water and soil management.
Book Synopsis Acid Sulfate Weathering by : James A. Kittrick
Download or read book Acid Sulfate Weathering written by James A. Kittrick and published by Soil Science Society of America. This book was released on 1982-12 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acidic Precipitation by : Stephen A. Norton
Download or read book Acidic Precipitation written by Stephen A. Norton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-12-18 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: various places of the world. Thus, it is hoped that this up-to-date subseries would increase the "awareness" of the world's citizens and encourage governments to devote more attention and resources to address this issue. The series editors thank the international panel of contributors for bringing this timely series into completion. We also wish to acknowledge the very insightful input of the following colleagues: Prof. A. L. Page ofthe University of California, Prof. T. C. Hutchinson of the University of Toronto, and Dr. Steve Lindberg of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We also wish to thank the superb effort and cooperation of the volume editors in handling their respective volumes. The constructive criticisms of chapter reviewers also deserve much appreciation. Finally, we wish to convey our appreciation to my secretary, Ms. Brenda Rosier, and my technician, Ms. Claire Carlson, for their very able assistance in various aspects of this series. Aiken, South Carolina Domy C. Adriano Coordinating Editor Preface to Acidic Precipitation, Volume 4 (Advances in Environmental Science) Acidic precipitation and its effects have been the focus ofintense research for over two decades. Initially, research centered on the acidity status and acidification of surface waters and consequent impact on the status of sports fisheries; evidence suggested impacts on fisheries in Sweden and Norway, and in North America, in eastern Ontario, Quebec, and in the Adirondack Mountains of New York.
Author :NATO Advanced Study Institute on Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles $(1985 : Aussois, France) Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9027728216 Total Pages :398 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (277 download)
Book Synopsis Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles by : NATO Advanced Study Institute on Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles $(1985 : Aussois, France)
Download or read book Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles written by NATO Advanced Study Institute on Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles $(1985 : Aussois, France) and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-11-30 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Aussois, France, September 4-15, 1985
Book Synopsis Weathering Dynamics in Watersheds by : Andrew Shaughnessy
Download or read book Weathering Dynamics in Watersheds written by Andrew Shaughnessy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral weathering significantly contributes to global biogeochemical cycles and is hypothesized to control Earth's long-term climate through release and removal of CO2 to and from the atmosphere. Although it is known that underlying geology influences water quality and weathering, few studies consider the subsurface beneath a watershed with respect to weathering dynamics. This is because in most watersheds, subsurface mineral distributions remain largely uncharacterized. By exploring river chemistry in comparison to the subsurface architecture of a watershed, I sought insights into weathering mechanisms for different minerals. For a given mineral weathering reaction, it is often assumed that one step limits the rate, dictating the weathering regime in that watershed. Rate limiting steps such as water throughput (the regime of runoff limitation), delivery of weathering reagents other than H2O (advective transport limitation), supply of fresh minerals (erosive transport limitation), and interfacial reaction kinetics (kinetic limitation) have been considered. But how the dominant weathering regimes change across spatial and temporal scales or for different compositional systems is generally unknown. In this dissertation I explore how weathering fluxes in rivers vary with discharge, watershed size, and climate to evaluate weathering regimes for a few compositional systems. I link this variability to subsurface mineral distributions through borehole observations, multivariate statistics, physically based models, and data driven techniques. The first mineral whose weathering I assess is pyrite -- a ubiquitous iron sulfide mineral that releases much of the sulfate in rivers that flows to the ocean. When pyrite oxidizes, it releases sulfuric acid, dissolving minerals in proximity and often releasing CO2. Additionally, some of the oxidant (O2) can be incorporated into the sulfate byproduct from pyrite oxidation. Oxygen isotopes in sulfate deposits could, therefore, help to reconstruct Earth's atmospheric oxygen history; however, we need a better understanding of modern pyrite oxidation mechanisms to accurately interpret historic or long-term geologic oxidation dynamics. In my first study I developed a machine learning-based mixing model to discern the signal of pyrite oxidation from other sources of sulfate in rivers. This model leverages the fact that different minerals dissolve along deep and shallow flowpaths, leading to unique chemical signatures that can be detected in streams. I apply this model to three extensively studied watersheds to investigate modern and long-term weathering-CO2 dynamics. I found that watersheds intermittently switch between acting as CO2 sources and CO2 sinks depending on whether the dominant flowpath sampled by the stream is deep or shallow, respectively. Comparing soil chemistry to river chemistry, I found that long-term CO2 dynamics (recorded in soils) are roughly consistent with short-term CO2 dynamics (recorded in streams). Acid rain at the three sites competes with CO2 as a weathering agent and has reduced the short-term capacity of the watersheds to sequester CO2. Only recently have the watersheds begun recovering from the impacts of acid rain. From my first study, I observed that pyrite-derived sulfate concentrations changed with time, and that concentrations were highest in the dry season and lowest in the wet season. To explore these temporal dynamics, I coupled the machine learning-based mixing model to a physically based-oxidation model that describes how pyrite-derived sulfate concentrations vary with discharge. Utilizing concentration and discharge data from 15 watersheds in the northeastern United States and ~300 watersheds in the western United States, I fit the oxidation model using a non-linear least squares regression. From these modeling results, I found that, in the northeastern United States, concentrations vary little with discharge when coal mining is absent within the drainage area, and that concentrations decrease with discharge when coal is mined in the basin. I interpreted this trend as a shift in the rate limiting step of oxidation from advection of dissolved oxygen to interfacial reaction kinetics as a result of mining-related exhumation of pyrite. Coal mining and spatial scale co-vary in the Susquehanna River Basin of the northeastern United States (i.e., only small watersheds contain no coal); therefore, it is difficult to disentangle their effects on concentration-discharge (C-q) dynamics. In the western United States, I was able to deconvolve some of these relationships by focusing on watersheds without agriculture and with low inputs of acid rain. I found that C-q behaviors are consistent with the pyrite reaction front becoming shallower as drainage areas of watersheds increase. This could indicate that pyrite-derived sulfate fluxes in small watersheds tend to be limited by transport of reagent (short timescales) or supply of fresh mineral (long timescales). In the first two studies, I focused on pyrite weathering, which shows relatively fast reaction kinetics. As a comparison, I sought to explore the other end of the weathering spectrum, namely slow-dissolving silicate minerals. For my third study, I aggregated data for water quality, discharge, climate, and catchment characteristics for 148 shale-underlain watersheds across the United States to explore the rate limiting step of silicate weathering. Shales cover a significant proportion of global land area, but most weathering studies focus on granitic and basaltic systems. I found that when potential evapotranspiration (PET) is much larger than mean annual precipitation (MAP), weathering is limited by the throughput of water in the system (i.e., runoff). For humid watersheds, I found that weathering rates show a dependence on erosion rate, temperature, and precipitation rate, which is consistent with a mixture of weathering regimes and rate limiting steps. When watersheds are small and characterized by steep slopes on average, the silicate weathering rate is only dependent on temperature and precipitation. When watersheds are large and are characterized on average by gentle slopes, the weathering rate is predominantly dependent upon the erosion rate. I quantify the weathering dependencies for different groups of watersheds via regression analysis. For US shale-underlain watersheds, 48%, 37%, and 7% of their land area is limited by runoff, erosion, and reaction kinetics, respectively. The remaining 9% represent a mixed weathering regime. Weighting these land fractions by the average fluxes observed for each weathering regime, I found that 17%, 56%, 11%, and 16% of silicate weathering fluxes from shale watersheds in the US are limited by runoff, erosion, reaction kinetics, or a mixture, respectively. Overall, the results presented in this dissertation shed new light on the impact of subsurface mineral distributions on weathering dynamics in watersheds. I present a new interpretive framework for evaluating the CO2 sequestration efficiency of weathering using both stream and soil chemistry. This has implications for evaluating CO2-weathering dynamics over geologically relevant timescales. I also present a new method for evaluating C-q relationships with respect to depths of groundwater flowpaths and reactive minerals. This has implications for predicting legacy contamination and the transport of redox-sensitive species. Lastly, I evaluate and quantify the silicate weathering dependencies in shale watersheds. I classify weathering regimes in these watersheds based on climatic and geomorphologic characteristics of a watershed. Results in this dissertation can improve future hydrologic and geochemical models through integrating subsurface mineral distributions across scales.
Book Synopsis Chemical Weathering in the West Glacier Lake Drainage Basin, Snowy Range, Wyoming by : Elizabeth A. Rochette
Download or read book Chemical Weathering in the West Glacier Lake Drainage Basin, Snowy Range, Wyoming written by Elizabeth A. Rochette and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Acidity of Waters in Podzolized Soils and Potential Impacts from Acid Precipitation by : John D. Stednick
Download or read book Natural Acidity of Waters in Podzolized Soils and Potential Impacts from Acid Precipitation written by John D. Stednick and published by . This book was released on 1982* with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acid Deposition and the Acidification of Soils and Waters by : J. O. Reuss
Download or read book Acid Deposition and the Acidification of Soils and Waters written by J. O. Reuss and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Great and Little Miami River Basins by : Gary L. Rowe
Download or read book Great and Little Miami River Basins written by Gary L. Rowe and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bibliography on Cold Regions Science and Technology by :
Download or read book Bibliography on Cold Regions Science and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water by :
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Book Synopsis The Natural Heritage of Indiana by : Marion T. Jackson
Download or read book The Natural Heritage of Indiana written by Marion T. Jackson and published by Quarry Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lavishly illustrated, environmentally focused, comprehensive account of the natural world in Indiana from ancient times to the present. While the book is a celebration and recognition of natural wonders and beauty, it is also a record of pillage, misuse, and ignorance, as well as a call to arms for those who would preserve the state's environment. 458 color photos. 10 bandw photos. 64 figures.
Download or read book Acid Rain Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pedology, Weathering, and Geomorphological Research by : Peter W. Birkeland
Download or read book Pedology, Weathering, and Geomorphological Research written by Peter W. Birkeland and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: