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A Transdisciplinary Analysis Of Sweetened Carbonated Soft Drink Consumption And Related Policy Options
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Book Synopsis A Transdisciplinary Analysis of Sweetened Carbonated Soft-drink Consumption and Related Policy Options by : Charles R. Rhodes
Download or read book A Transdisciplinary Analysis of Sweetened Carbonated Soft-drink Consumption and Related Policy Options written by Charles R. Rhodes and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soda Politics written by Marion Nestle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sodas are astonishing products. Little more than flavored sugar-water, these drinks cost practically nothing to produce or buy, yet have turned their makers--principally Coca-Cola and PepsiCo--into a multibillion-dollar industry with global recognition, distribution, and political power. Billed as "refreshing," "tasty," "crisp," and "the real thing," sodas also happen to be so well established to contribute to poor dental hygiene, higher calorie intake, obesity, and type-2 diabetes that the first line of defense against any of these conditions is to simply stop drinking them. Habitually drinking large volumes of soda not only harms individual health, but also burdens societies with runaway healthcare costs. So how did products containing absurdly inexpensive ingredients become multibillion dollar industries and international brand icons, while also having a devastating impact on public health? In Soda Politics, the 2016 James Beard Award for Writing & Literature Winner, Dr. Marion Nestle answers this question by detailing all of the ways that the soft drink industry works overtime to make drinking soda as common and accepted as drinking water, for adults and children. Dr. Nestle, a renowned food and nutrition policy expert and public health advocate, shows how sodas are principally miracles of advertising; Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spend billions of dollars each year to promote their sale to children, minorities, and low-income populations, in developing as well as industrialized nations. And once they have stimulated that demand, they leave no stone unturned to protect profits. That includes lobbying to prevent any measures that would discourage soda sales, strategically donating money to health organizations and researchers who can make the science about sodas appear confusing, and engaging in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities to create goodwill and silence critics. Soda Politics follows the money trail wherever it leads, revealing how hard Big Soda works to sell as much of their products as possible to an increasingly obese world. But Soda Politics does more than just diagnose a problem--it encourages readers to help find solutions. From Berkeley to Mexico City and beyond, advocates are successfully countering the relentless marketing, promotion, and political protection of sugary drinks. And their actions are having an impact--for all of the hardball and softball tactics the soft drink industry employs to maintain the status quo, soda consumption has been flat or falling for years. Health advocacy campaigns are now the single greatest threat to soda companies' profits. Soda Politics provides readers with the tools they need to keep up pressure on Big Soda in order to build healthier and more sustainable food systems.
Book Synopsis The Truth Behind Soft Drinks by : Julia J. Quinlan
Download or read book The Truth Behind Soft Drinks written by Julia J. Quinlan and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft drinks have been in the news a lot lately, with many cities around the United States trying to minimize the intake of soda among their citizens. Readers will learn why there is such a backlash against soda. These sugary drinks are a favorite among people of all ages, but drinking too much is unhealthy. The solution may seem to be to drink diet soda or sugar-free options, but even these have problems. Readers will be armed with the knowledge of what soft drinks do to the body, and the impact of what they are really drinking.
Book Synopsis Carbonated Soft Drink Consumption by : Kristen Fantuzzi
Download or read book Carbonated Soft Drink Consumption written by Kristen Fantuzzi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxing Soda for Public Health by : Yann Le Bodo
Download or read book Taxing Soda for Public Health written by Yann Le Bodo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely reference analyzes the rationale, impact, and feasibility of taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) as a public health measure to contribute curbing obesity and diabetes rates, specifically in Canada. It presents the pros and cons of taxing soda, with the latest data on adverse health effects of its consumption, plus the various business and political issues surrounding the contentious proposition. Reviewed research is multidisciplinary, spanning health and medicine to ethics, economics, and law. Conclusions and caveats are clear and presented at a comfort level for the general reader. The result is a blueprint for analyzing the relevancy of taxes on sweetened soft drinks or other low-nutrition food products, plus a trove of valuable insights into aspects of government decision-making and consumer food behavior. Included in the coverage: · Reasons for specifically targeting SSBs · SSB taxation as a public health policy instrument · Effects of SSB taxation on energy intakes and population health · Potential undesirable effects relating to SSB taxation · Social and political acceptability of SSB taxation · Evaluability of SSB taxation Taxing Soda for Public Health will interest policymakers, public health professionals, advocacy groups, and researchers at the Canadian and international levels (e.g., in areas such as public health, nutrition, food and health policies, health economics, and evaluation), as well as students and all other parties interested in nutrition policies.
Book Synopsis Competition and Concentration by : Robert D. Tollison
Download or read book Competition and Concentration written by Robert D. Tollison and published by Free Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption, Obesity and Diabetes by : Fan Zhao
Download or read book Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption, Obesity and Diabetes written by Fan Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite ongoing public health interventions to prevent obesity, the prevalence of obesity is still increasing in the United States. Obesity is also the strongest modifiable risk factor for diabetes. Non-Hispanic African American adults are most susceptible to obesity than Whites. There are also racial disparities in dietary factors that contribute to high energy intake. Compared with whites, African Americans tend to have consume more saturated fat and salt; fewer in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. While current policies may successfully reduce unhealthy diet behaviors and therefore reduce weight, few of these policy studies conducted racial/ethnic disparities analyses. We applied causal mediation analysis to investigate what the racial disparities in obesity would be if we were able to intervene and eliminate racial disparities regarding diet. For example, how much racial disparities in obesity would be eliminated if soda consumption among Blacks equals Whites. Current studies on obesity disparities are based on regression or OaxacaBlinder decomposition framework. These studies at best provide explanatory roles of diet in racial disparities in obesity, instead of a causal interpretation. We applied causal mediation analysis to a longitudinal cohort. The cohort provides a clear temporal ordering of covariate assessment, diet mediators, and weight gain. Strategies to influence the intake of healthy food and amount of energy consumed include a focus on changing nutrition environment. One approach is a 1-cent-per-ounce SSB excise tax. Literature has shown that the soda tax increased SSB retail prices for consumers, and reduced SSB purchase as well as intake. However, current studies using real world data did not evaluate soda tax's effect on weight and weight-related health outcomes. We took the advantage that four California cities have implemented a 1-cent-per-ounce soda tax since 2015 and applied quasi-experiment design. California also provides a large and racially diverse population to evaluate the health impact of soda tax. Examining multiple cities provides a richer and more complete understanding of how the taxes affect consumption across a range of settings. There has been ongoing debate on implementing soda tax at the state or federal level. What remains unclear is the size of the effect that soda tax has on health and health care costs in the long term. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of soda tax to inform policy decision. Our evaluation of the 1-cent-per-ounce soda tax brought to attention a potential problem for the design of similar policies against unhealthy food. That is, people switch to other high-calorie drinks such as fruit juice and milk as substitutions. Due to extra calorie intake, people's weight may even increase after soda tax, although it's still beneficial that people are choosing healthier beverages. Future study is needed to investigate substitution patterns.
Book Synopsis Manufacture and Analysis of Carbonated Beverages by : Morris Boris Jacobs
Download or read book Manufacture and Analysis of Carbonated Beverages written by Morris Boris Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTENTS - INTRODUCTION - 2. SUGARS AND SYRUPS - 3. ARTIFICIAL AND HIGH- POWER SWEETENING AGENTS - 4. ACIDS AND ACIDULATION - 5. WATER AND WATER TREATMENT - 6. FLAVORS AND FLAVORING - 7. SPECIALTY AND FRUIT FLAVORS - 8. EMULSIONS AND SPECIALTIES - 9. COLORS AND COLORING - 10. CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBONATION - 11. BOTTLING AND CANNING - 12. COMPOSITION OF CARBONATED BEVERAGES - 13. PLANT LAYOUT AND SANITATION - 14. SPOILAGE - 15. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS - INDEX - PREFACE - In this book I have endeavored to present a comprehensive treatment of the manufacture and analysis of carbonated nonalcoholic beverages or carbonated soft drinks as they are commonly called. Each category of the raw materials used in these beverages is considered, namely, sugars and sirups, artificial sweetening agents, acids, water, flavors and flavoring, including specialty and fruit flavors and also flavor emulsions both of the clear and cloudy type, colors and coloring, and carbon dioxide. The actual manufacturing steps are described in detail in the chapter on bottling and canning and, in this connection, bottle washing, caustic solution preparation, plant layout, plant housekeeping, and sanitation are discussed in detail. The composition of the finished beverages by categories is considered. The various types of spoilage that may occur and the means for the prevention of such spoilage are treated in another chapter. Finally the methods of analysis both for control during manufacture and for the determination of composition are detailed. I acknowledge with thanks the cooperation given to me by the American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages and by several firms. These acknowledgements are given specifically in the text. It may be noted that reference is made to American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages, the United States Pharmacopeia, and the National Formulary standards and specifications for a number of raw materials. These agencies speak for themselves and their standards are quoted merely as guides for desirable practice. Some beverage, flavor, and color formulations are listed in this book. Some of the compositions mentioned are illustrative of commercial practice while others are of an experimental nature. These formulas have been included to serve as suggestions to the manufacturer; they are not given as a formulary. The application of knowledge of the art and skill may result in the improvement of these formulations. The mention of a particular substance in this book does not in any manner imply that I approve of the use of such a substance.
Download or read book Bubbling Over written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reports geographic variations in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among children, adolescents, and adults and examines the correlation between soda consumption and obesity. Among the findings: researchers found that adults who drink a soda or more per day are 27 percent more likely to be overweight than those who do not drink sodas, regardless of income or ethnicity. Among children, the study found that 40 percent of young children (2-11 years of age) are drinking at least one soda or sugar-sweetened beverage every day. Adolescents (12-17) represent the biggest consumers, with 62 percent (over 2 million youths) drinking one or more sodas every day - the equivalent of consuming 39 pounds of sugar each year in soda and other sugar-sweetened beverages.
Download or read book Bubbling Over written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reports geographic variations in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among children, adolescents, and adults and examines the correlation between soda consumption and obesity. Among the findings: researchers found that adults who drink a soda or more per day are 27 percent more likely to be overweight than those who do not drink sodas, regardless of income or ethnicity. Among children, the study found that 40 percent of young children (2-11 years of age) are drinking at least one soda or sugar-sweetened beverage every day. Adolescents (12-17) represent the biggest consumers, with 62 percent (over 2 million youths) drinking one or more sodas every day - the equivalent of consuming 39 pounds of sugar each year in soda and other sugar-sweetened beverages.
Book Synopsis Examining the Role of the School Food Environment in Moderating Sugar-sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Adolescents in Alberta and Ontario, Canada by : Katelyn Marina Godin
Download or read book Examining the Role of the School Food Environment in Moderating Sugar-sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Adolescents in Alberta and Ontario, Canada written by Katelyn Marina Godin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescents represent the greatest consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in Canada, which is concerning, given the numerous adverse health outcomes associated with frequent SSB intake. Provincial school nutrition policies represent one population-level strategy intended to promote healthy dietary choices among Canadian youth. Both the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (ANGCY) and Ontario's Policy/program Memorandum no. 150 (P/PM 150) recommend restrictions in SSB availability in school food outlets (e.g., cafeterias, vending machines, etc.) to decrease students' access to products. There exists a broad range of contextual factors outside of schools that influence youths' dietary choices; influences within other environments (e.g., the home, community, and larger regulatory contexts) can support or undermine school-based interventions, and should be accounted for in the development and evaluation of these initiatives. This dissertation research used the socioecological model as a theoretical framework to examine the role of the school context in influencing Canadian adolescents' SSB intake in Alberta and Ontario. The objectives were to (i) characterize Canadian adolescents' SSB consumption patterns; (ii) describe school food environment characteristics in Canadian secondary schools; (iii) describe how these characteristics reflect school-level compliance with provincial school nutrition policies; (iv) identify associations between school food environment characteristics and measures of students' SSB intake; and, (v) identify potentially promising contexts and/or strategies for future population-level initiatives to reduce adolescents' SSB intake. Three manuscripts served these objectives using student- and school-level data from the COMPASS study. The first two manuscripts represent cross-sectional analyses (2013/14), while the third manuscript includes longitudinal analyses (2013/14 to 2015/16). The first manuscript examined how several food purchasing behaviors (i.e., sources of meals/snacks) within and outside of the school context are associated with adolescents' SSB consumption, and whether these associations vary by province. This study identified that most of the food purchasing behaviours were significantly and positively associated with greater rates of SSB consumption. Meal/snack purchases on weekends (versus weekdays) and from food outlets off-school property (versus on-school property) had a greater association with SSB consumption. The research identified a significantly higher rate of SSB intake among Albertan participants and a number of interesting interaction effects between province and various food purchasing behaviours, providing evidence that students' rate of SSB intake may be related to differences in provincial school nutrition policies. The second manuscript provided a scoping assessment of several characteristics of the secondary school food environment (i.e., comprising features of the school and school neighbourhood) in Alberta and Ontario, provincial differences across these school characteristics, as well as whether these characteristics are associated with students' SSB consumption rate. This study identified that participants had access to several potential sources of SSBs during their time in school; most schools were within walking distance of one or more external food outlets and a considerable proportion of schools stocked various types of SSBs in their vending machines. SSBs were significantly less available in Ontario schools' vending machines compared to those in Alberta, suggesting that P/PM 150 is more effective than the ANGCY at restricting SSB availability in school vending machines. Few of the school food environment characteristics assessed were significantly associated with students' SSB intake. The third manuscript examined changes in product availability within secondary schools' beverage vending machines, changes in students' weekday intake of SSBs over time, and the associations between these measures of beverage availability and SSB intake. Schools were separated into three policy groups: 'Alberta'; 'Ontario public schools'; and, 'Ontario private schools'. Most SSB types examined were least available in Ontario public schools' vending machines across all time points. Generally, vending machine beverage availability did not vary significantly over time. Across all policy groups, participants' rate of soft drinks consumption decreased as they progressed through secondary school, while their intake of sweetened coffees/teas increased; other SSB outcome measures remained fairly stable. Students in Alberta reported the greatest frequency of SSBs intake across all time points and measures. There was limited evidence that changes in vending machine beverage availability was significantly associated with students' SSB consumption. This dissertation enhances our current understanding of Canadian adolescents' SSB intake patterns, the Canadian secondary school food environment, and the successes and shortcomings of school nutrition policies. This work signals the need for continued efforts to reduce adolescents' SSB intake. This dissertation illustrates that the school food environment represents a source of SSBs for Canadian adolescents, since most schools are nearby external food outlets and many schools have SSBs available for sale within school vending machines. However, this research highlights that schools are one of many contexts that influences adolescents' dietary behaviours, and efforts to limit the in-school availability of SSBs in vending machines have a limited impact on measures of adolescents' SSB intake. This research signals the need for school-based interventions to be supported by parallel population-level initiatives that encourage healthy dietary choices among Canadians.
Book Synopsis Reducing Soft Drink Consumption Using Nudges by : Ryan Calabro
Download or read book Reducing Soft Drink Consumption Using Nudges written by Ryan Calabro and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overconsumption of soft drink is an emerging health issue due to its high sugar content. This has led several countries to implement strategies to reduce soft drink consumption, such as taxation, restricting access to soft drinks in certain environments, and introducing health-related warning labels. While each of these strategies has shown varying levels of success, an alternative strategy could have more success without limiting freedom of choice, nor financially disadvantaging those who choose to drink soft drink. One such strategy is a behaviour change strategy called nudging, which has shown success in promoting healthier eating behaviours. The overarching aim of the present thesis was to investigate the socio-cognitive factors associated with soft drink consumption, and design interventions that use nudges to increase healthy beverage choices. The present thesis contained five studies, collated in three chapters. -- Study 1 (Chapter 1) presents a systematic literature review and meta-analysis that aimed to identify the socio-cognitive determinants associated with the amount and frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. The results from the meta-analysis showed that the determinants most strongly associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption were those that were part of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) as well as habits. It was suggested that nudging interventions should be based on the components of the theory and target habits to be maximally effective at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. -- Studies 2 and 3 (Chapter 2) investigated whether subtle wrap-based nudges on a vending machine could influence beverage choices in both a laboratory (Study 2) and an online study (Study 3). Across three types of wrap-based nudges (cues, branding, and colour), there was no significant influence on beverage choice. However, the control vending machine (coloured black) in Study 3 significantly increased caffeine-based choices. -- Study 4 (Chapter 3) investigated whether featuring a traffic light system on a vending machine could influence beverage choices. Results showed that it did not. Study 5 expanded the design to include a condition that increased the range of healthy beverages, plus a condition that combined this with traffic lights. Increasing the healthy range resulted in a small but significant increase in healthy beverage choices, and when combined with traffic lights produced a larger increase in healthy beverage choices; in fact, it was the only condition that showed more healthy than unhealthy choices. -- Overall, the present thesis provides promising interventions to reduce soft drink consumption by offering a practical and effective approach based on nudging consumers towards healthier beverage choices. The thesis provides evidence that subtle nudges (i.e., branding, pictured beverages, or colours) may be less effective at reducing soft drink choices, whereas using more explicit nudges (i.e., featuring traffic lights, and increasing the healthy range) or combining nudges are likely a more successful approach towards reducing soft drink choices.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251318751 Total Pages :42 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Sustainable healthy diets by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Sustainable healthy diets written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the detrimental environmental impact of current food systems, and the concerns raised about their sustainability, there is an urgent need to promote diets that are healthy and have low environmental impacts. These diets also need to be socio-culturally acceptable and economically accessible for all. Acknowledging the existence of diverging views on the concepts of sustainable diets and healthy diets, countries have requested guidance from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) on what constitutes sustainable healthy diets. These guiding principles take a holistic approach to diets; they consider international nutrition recommendations; the environmental cost of food production and consumption; and the adaptability to local social, cultural and economic contexts. This publication aims to support the efforts of countries as they work to transform food systems to deliver on sustainable healthy diets, contributing to the achievement of the SDGs at country level, especially Goals 1 (No Poverty), 2 (Zero Hunger), 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), 4 (Quality Education), 5 (Gender Equality) and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and 13 (Climate Action).
Download or read book Hedonic Eating written by Dr Nicole Avena and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overeating and obesity are on the rise. Despite public health warnings, availability of diet books and programs, and the stigma associated with obesity, many people find it difficult to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight. While there are many books on the topic of caloric or need-based eating, obesity and overeating can also result from eating that is not driven by hunger. Recent research found that excess food intake is largely driven by the palatability of food and the pleasure derived from eating. Hedonic Eating: How the Pleasure of Food Affects Our Brains and Behavior discusses the pleasurable aspects of food intake that may cause and perpetuate overconsumption. Broad in its scope, this book examines the various behavioral, biological, and social rewards of food. The comprehensive chapters cover topics ranging from the neurochemistry of food reward to the hotly debated concept of 'food addiction,' while providing relevant and up-to-date information from the current body of scientific literature regarding food reward.
Book Synopsis Guideline: Sugars Intake for Adults and Children by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Guideline: Sugars Intake for Adults and Children written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guideline provides updated global, evidence-informed recommendations on the intake of free sugars to reduce the risk of NCDs in adults and children, with a particular focus on the prevention and control of unhealthy weight gain and dental caries. The recommendations in this guideline can be used by policy-makers and programme managers to assess current intake levels of free sugars in their countries relative to a benchmark. They can also be used to develop measures to decrease intake of free sugars, where necessary, through a range of public health interventions. Examples of such interventions and measures that are already being implemented by countries include food and nutrition labelling, consumer education, regulation of marketing of food and non-alcoholic beverages that are high in free sugars, and fiscal policies targeting foods and beverages that are high in free sugars. This guideline should be used in conjunction with other nutrient guidelines and dietary goals, in particular those related to fats and fatty acids (including saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids), to guide development of effective public health nutrition policies and programmes to promote a healthy diet.
Book Synopsis Sweeteners by : Jean-Michel Merillon
Download or read book Sweeteners written by Jean-Michel Merillon and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Energy Balance and Obesity by : Isabelle Romieu
Download or read book Energy Balance and Obesity written by Isabelle Romieu and published by IARC Working Group Report. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programs and policies. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding? This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
