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A Synchrotron Small Angle X Ray Scattering Study Of Order Disorder In Colloidal Crystals
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Book Synopsis A Synchrotron Small-angle X-ray Scattering Study of Order/disorder in Colloidal Crystals by : Igor Petrovich Dolbnya
Download or read book A Synchrotron Small-angle X-ray Scattering Study of Order/disorder in Colloidal Crystals written by Igor Petrovich Dolbnya and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applications of Synchrotron Light to Scattering and Diffraction in Materials and Life Sciences by : T.A. Ezquerra
Download or read book Applications of Synchrotron Light to Scattering and Diffraction in Materials and Life Sciences written by T.A. Ezquerra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a ?rst approximation, certainly rough, one can de?ne as non-crystalline materials those which are neither single-crystals nor poly-crystals. Within this category, we canincludedisorderedsolids,softcondensed matter,andlivesystemsamong others. Contrary to crystals, non-crystalline materials have in common that their intrinsic structures cannot be exclusively described by a discrete and periodical function but by a continuous function with short range of order. Structurally these systems have in common the relevance of length scales between those de?ned by the atomic and the macroscopic scale. In a simple ?uid, for example, mobile molecules may freely exchange their positions, so that their new positions are permutations of their old ones. By contrast, in a complex ?uid large groups of molecules may be interc- nected so that the permutation freedom within the group is lost, while the p- mutation between the groups is possible. In this case, the dominant characteristic length, which may de?ne the properties of the system, is not the molecular size but that of the groups. A central aspect of some non-crystalline materials is that they may self-organize. This is of particular importance for Soft-matter materials. Self-organization is characterized by the spontaneous creation of regular structures at different length scales which may exhibit a certain hierarchy that controls the properties of the system. X-ray scattering and diffraction have been for more than a hundred years an essential technique to characterize the structure of materials. Quite often scattering anddiffractionphenomenaexhibitedbynon-crystallinematerialshavebeenreferred to as non-crystalline diffraction.
Book Synopsis Scattering Methods and their Application in Colloid and Interface Science by : Otto Glatter
Download or read book Scattering Methods and their Application in Colloid and Interface Science written by Otto Glatter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scattering Methods and their Application in Colloid and Interface Science offers an overview of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering techniques (SAXS & SANS), as well as static and dynamic light scattering (SLS & DLS). These scattering techniques are central to the study of soft matter, such as colloidal dispersions and surfactant self-assembly. The theoretical concepts are followed by an overview of instrumentation and a detailed description of the evaluation techniques in the first part of the book. In the second part, several typical application examples are used to show the strength and limitations of these techniques. Features the latest input from the world-leading expert with personal experience in all the fields covered (SAXS, SANS, SLS and DLS) Includes unified notation throughout the book to enhance its readability Provides—in a single source—scattering theory, evaluation of techniques and a variety of applications
Book Synopsis Ultra-small-angle X-ray Scattering Study of the Structure of Colloidal Dispersions by : Hideki Matsuoka
Download or read book Ultra-small-angle X-ray Scattering Study of the Structure of Colloidal Dispersions written by Hideki Matsuoka and published by . This book was released on with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals by : Geoffrey R. Luckhurst
Download or read book Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals written by Geoffrey R. Luckhurst and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the nematic liquid crystal phase, rod-shaped molecules move randomly but remain essentially parallel to one another. Biaxial nematics, which were first predicted in 1970 by Marvin Freiser, have their molecules differentially oriented along two axes. They have the potential to create displays with fast switching times and may have applications in thin-film displays and other liquid crystal technologies. This book is the first to be concerned solely with biaxial nematic liquid crystals, both lyotropic and thermotropic, formed by low molar mass as well as polymeric systems. It opens with a general introduction to the biaxial nematic phase and covers: • Order parameters and distribution functions • Molecular field theory • Theories for hard biaxial particles • Computer simulation of biaxial nematics • Alignment of the phase • Display applications • Characterisation and identification • Lyotropic, thermotropic and colloidal systems together with material design With a consistent, coherent and pedagogical approach, this book brings together theory, simulations and experimental studies; it includes contributions from some of the leading figures in the field. It is relevant to students and researchers as well as to industry professionals working in soft matter, liquid crystals, liquid crystal devices and their applications throughout materials science, chemistry, physics, mathematics and display engineering.
Download or read book The Solid State written by André Guinier and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated translation from the French of a work first published in 1987, and intended as a sequel to the principal author's The structure of matter: from the blue sky to liquid crystals (1984). Intended to engage the interest of undergraduates and general readers, the book treats (in five chapters) the thermal, electrical, magnetic and mechanical properties of solids, and (in the final chapter) diffusion. Cleanly written and nicely illustrated descriptive text, with all mathematical material confined to boxes that some readers might want to omit in their entirety. (NW) Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Soft-Matter Characterization by : Redouane Borsali
Download or read book Soft-Matter Characterization written by Redouane Borsali and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-28 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.
Book Synopsis Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering by : H. Brumberger
Download or read book Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering written by H. Brumberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Como, Italy, May 12--22, 1993
Book Synopsis Small-angle X-ray Scattering Studies of Phase Transitions and Growth Processes on Colloidal Dispersions by : Diego Pontoni
Download or read book Small-angle X-ray Scattering Studies of Phase Transitions and Growth Processes on Colloidal Dispersions written by Diego Pontoni and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis X-Ray Scattering of Soft Matter by : Norbert Stribeck
Download or read book X-Ray Scattering of Soft Matter written by Norbert Stribeck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual is a useful ready-reference guide to the analytical power of modern X-ray scattering in the field of soft matter. The author describes simple tools that can elucidate the mechanisms of structure evolution in the studied materials, and follows this up with a step-by-step guide to more advanced methods. Data analysis based on clear, unequivocal results is rendered simple and straightforward – with a stress on careful planning of experiments and adequate recording of all required data.
Book Synopsis Synchrotron X-ray Scattering Studies of Rapidly Evolving Nanoscale Interfacial Systems by : Yeling Dai
Download or read book Synchrotron X-ray Scattering Studies of Rapidly Evolving Nanoscale Interfacial Systems written by Yeling Dai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of the development of third-generation synchrotron sources which deliver extremely bright radiation beam over a board energy band, tremendous progress has been made in x-ray science and the diverse range of disciplines that can be studied with x-ray. The special properties of synchrotron-produced x-ray such as coherence, polarization, etc., combined with different extreme experimental conditions, can meet almost any requirement of the research for material characterization, imaging, molecular dynamics, surface/interface physics and so on. In this work we will demonstrate how outstanding properties of synchrotron x-ray can be use to study the structural and dynamic properties of rapidly evolving nano-scale interfacial systems. A large part of this thesis is devoted to the investigation of the surface capillary fluctuations of laterally confined supported polystyrene films using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS), a young coherent scattering technique that can probes the dynamics of matter. The structural evolution of interfacial/surface system, such as the self-assembled nanoparticle film at water-air interface and the nano-imprinted polystyrene pattern, can be studied by different time-resolved x-ray small angle scattering techniques in grazing incidence geometry (GISAXS,GIXOS,GID), as well as the conventional specular reflectivity (XR) measurement. Particularly in the case of the liquid surface research, special efforts have been made to improve a recently developed diffuse scattering technique Grazing incidence off-specular x-ray scattering (GIXOS) for probing the structure at liquid interface with much better temporal resolution compared with that of XR. In this work We will present all the experimental results together with conclusive data analysis from the studies of these evolving systems with x-ray scattering techniques. In comparison to the reciprocal space studies with x-ray scattering tools, part of this thesis is devoted to the experiments using real space probes such as optical microscope and Atomic force microscope (AFM).
Book Synopsis Amorphous Drugs by : Marzena Rams-Baron
Download or read book Amorphous Drugs written by Marzena Rams-Baron and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains theoretical and technological aspects of amorphous drug formulations. It is intended for all those wishing to increase their knowledge in the field of amorphous pharmaceuticals. Conversion of crystalline material into the amorphous state, as described in this book, is a way to overcome limited water solubility of drug formulations, in this way enhancing the chemical activity and bioavailability inside the body. Written by experts from various fields and backgrounds, the book introduces to fundamental physical aspects (explaining differences between the ordered and the disordered solid states, the enhancement of solubility resulting from drugs amorphization, physical instability and how it can be overcome) as well as preparation and formulation procedures to produce and stabilize amorphous pharmaceuticals. Readers will thus gain a well-funded understanding and find a multi-faceted discussion of the properties and advantages of amorphous drugs and of the challenges in producing and stabilizing them. The book is an ideal source of information for researchers and students as well as professionals engaged in research and development of amorphous pharmaceutical products.
Book Synopsis Ultra Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies of Triacylglycerol Crystal Networks by :
Download or read book Ultra Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies of Triacylglycerol Crystal Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis X-ray Scattering Study of Orientational and Positional Order in Liquid Crystal Films by : Do Young Noh
Download or read book X-ray Scattering Study of Orientational and Positional Order in Liquid Crystal Films written by Do Young Noh and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Directed Self-assembly of Colloidal Crystals with Electric and Shear Fields by : Jason M. McMullan
Download or read book Directed Self-assembly of Colloidal Crystals with Electric and Shear Fields written by Jason M. McMullan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directed Self Assembly (DSA) methods create useful structures and devices using particles from nano- to micrometer size with applications as photonic devices and materials with consistent mechanical properties from repeating structure. In this thesis, electrical and oscillatory shear fields are explored as methods for DSA, with the goal of understanding the fundamental mechanics of assembly. DSA generates two and three-dimensional ordered structures with high fidelity and controlled architecture over a variety of particle length scales. Highly ordered crystals are assembled from dilute colloidal suspensions by AC electrical fields via dielectrophoretic (DEP) forces induced in the particle and double layer. Crystalline structures are formed over a large range of particle sizes and observed with microscopy, light scattering and a new geometry developed for Small Angle Neutron Scattering (DEP-SANS). In situ scattering techniques characterize the degree of ordering, crystalline morphology and formation dynamics. Dynamics are quantified with an alignment factor, showing a dependence on particle size and electrolyte indicating the double layer polarization mechanism is driving particle ordering. Electrophoretic mobility measurements are confirmed with the standard electrokinetic model (SEKM) validating particle preparation techniques. The SEKM predicts appropriate conditions favoring particle ordering, which depend on the particle size, charge and electrolyte concentration. A recently proposed master scaling for the order-disorder field strength and frequency is supported and extended with new order-disorder state transition data from light scattering and DEP-SANS, validating the parameter scaling over a large range of experimental conditions. In addition, the order-disorder state transition is predicted with the SEKM. Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (LAOS) ordering is observed with a custom built Rheo-LS device that shows the concurrent evolution of the measured stress (rheology) and the degree of order (light scattering). The Rheo-LS device indicates two distinct morphologies that depend on the strain and frequency; three fold twinning (FCC) and six spot Bragg ordering (r-HCP). The scaling of the ordering time constant and a state diagram are examined that illustrate the type of crystalline morphology based on assembly conditions. The results of this research demonstrate a method to create highly ordered colloidal crystals through the rational design of DEP and LAOS processes.
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
