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A Sharp Threshold For Random Graphs With A Monochromatic Triangle In Every Edge Coloring
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Book Synopsis A Sharp Threshold for Random Graphs with a Monochromatic Triangle in Every Edge Coloring by : Ehud Friedgut
Download or read book A Sharp Threshold for Random Graphs with a Monochromatic Triangle in Every Edge Coloring written by Ehud Friedgut and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Let $\cal{R}$ be the set of all finite graphs $G$ with the Ramsey property that every coloring of the edges of $G$ by two colors yields a monochromatic triangle. In this paper the authors establish a sharp threshold for random graphs with this property. Let $G(n, p)$ be the random graph on $n$ vertices with edge probability $p$. The authors prove that there exists a function $\widehat c=\widehat c(n)=\Theta(1)$ such that for any $\varepsilon > 0$, as $n$ tends to infinity, $Pr\left[G(n, (1-\varepsilon)\widehat c/\sqrt{n}) \in \cal{R} \right] \rightarrow 0$ and $Pr \left[ G(n, (1]\varepsilon)\widehat c/\sqrt{n}) \in \cal{R}\ \right] \rightarrow 1.$. A crucial tool that is used in the proof and is of independent interest is a generalization of Szemeredi's Regularity Lemma to a certain hypergraph setti
Book Synopsis Approximation, Randomization and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques by : Chandra Chekuri
Download or read book Approximation, Randomization and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques written by Chandra Chekuri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers presented at the 8th International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems (APPROX 2005) and the 9th International Workshop on Randomization and Computation (RANDOM 2005), which took place concurrently at the University of California in Berkeley, on August 22 –24, 2005.
Book Synopsis Number Theory and Related Fields by : Jonathan M. Borwein
Download or read book Number Theory and Related Fields written by Jonathan M. Borwein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-16 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Number Theory and Related Fields” collects contributions based on the proceedings of the "International Number Theory Conference in Memory of Alf van der Poorten," hosted by CARMA and held March 12-16th 2012 at the University of Newcastle, Australia. The purpose of the conference was to promote number theory research in Australia while commemorating the legacy of Alf van der Poorten, who had written over 170 papers on the topic of number theory and collaborated with dozens of researchers. The research articles and surveys presented in this book were written by some of the most distinguished mathematicians in the field of number theory, and articles will include related topics that focus on the various research interests of Dr. van der Poorten.
Book Synopsis KAM Stability and Celestial Mechanics by : Alessandra Celletti
Download or read book KAM Stability and Celestial Mechanics written by Alessandra Celletti and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KAM theory is a powerful tool apt to prove perpetual stability in Hamiltonian systems, which are a perturbation of integrable ones. The smallness requirements for its applicability are well known to be extremely stringent. A long standing problem, in this context, is the application of KAM theory to ``physical systems'' for ``observable'' values of the perturbation parameters. The authors consider the Restricted, Circular, Planar, Three-Body Problem (RCP3BP), i.e., the problem of studying the planar motions of a small body subject to the gravitational attraction of two primary bodies revolving on circular Keplerian orbits (which are assumed not to be influenced by the small body). When the mass ratio of the two primary bodies is small, the RCP3BP is described by a nearly-integrable Hamiltonian system with two degrees of freedom; in a region of phase space corresponding to nearly elliptical motions with non-small eccentricities, the system is well described by Delaunay variables. The Sun-Jupiter observed motion is nearly circular and an asteroid of the Asteroidal belt may be assumed not to influence the Sun-Jupiter motion. The Jupiter-Sun mass ratio is slightly less than 1/1000. The authors consider the motion of the asteroid 12 Victoria taking into account only the Sun-Jupiter gravitational attraction regarding such a system as a prototype of a RCP3BP. for values of mass ratios up to 1/1000, they prove the existence of two-dimensional KAM tori on a fixed three-dimensional energy level corresponding to the observed energy of the Sun-Jupiter-Victoria system. Such tori trap the evolution of phase points ``close'' to the observed physical data of the Sun-Jupiter-Victoria system. As a consequence, in the RCP3BP description, the motion of Victoria is proven to be forever close to an elliptical motion. The proof is based on: 1) a new iso-energetic KAM theory; 2) an algorithm for computing iso-energetic, approximate Lindstedt series; 3) a computer-aided application of 1)+2) to the Sun-Jupiter-Victoria system. The paper is self-contained but does not include the ($\sim$ 12000 lines) computer programs, which may be obtained by sending an e-mail to one of the authors.
Book Synopsis Tangential Boundary Stabilization of Navier-Stokes Equations by : Viorel Barbu
Download or read book Tangential Boundary Stabilization of Navier-Stokes Equations written by Viorel Barbu and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to inject dissipation as to force local exponential stabilization of the steady-state solutions, an Optimal Control Problem (OCP) with a quadratic cost functional over an infinite time-horizon is introduced for the linearized N-S equations. As a result, the same Riccati-based, optimal boundary feedback controller which is obtained in the linearized OCP is then selected and implemented also on the full N-S system. For $d=3$, the OCP falls definitely outside the boundaries of established optimal control theory for parabolic systems with boundary controls, in that the combined index of unboundedness--between the unboundedness of the boundary control operator and the unboundedness of the penalization or observation operator--is strictly larger than $\tfrac{3}{2}$, as expressed in terms of fractional powers of the free-dynamics operator. In contrast, established (and rich) optimal control theory [L-T.2] of boundary control parabolic problems and corresponding algebraic Riccati theory requires a combined index of unboundedness strictly less than 1. An additional preliminary serious difficulty to overcome lies at the outset of the program, in establishing that the present highly non-standard OCP--with the aforementioned high level of unboundedness in control and observation operators and subject, moreover, to the additional constraint that the controllers be pointwise tangential--be non-empty; that is, it satisfies the so-called Finite Cost Condition [L-T.2].
Book Synopsis The Universal Kobayashi-Hitchin Correspondence on Hermitian Manifolds by : Martin Lübke
Download or read book The Universal Kobayashi-Hitchin Correspondence on Hermitian Manifolds written by Martin Lübke and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We prove a very general Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence on arbitrary compact Hermitian manifolds, and we discuss differential geometric properties of the corresponding moduli spaces. This correspondence refers to moduli spaces of ``universal holomorphic oriented pairs''. Most of the classical moduli problems in complex geometry (e. g. holomorphic bundles with reductive structure groups, holomorphic pairs, holomorphic Higgs pairs, Witten triples, arbitrary quiver moduli problems) are special cases of this universal classification problem. Our Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence relates the complex geometric concept ``polystable oriented holomorphic pair'' to the existence of a reduction solving a generalized Hermitian-Einstein equation. The proof is based on the Uhlenbeck-Yau continuity method. Using ideas from Donaldson theory, we further introduce and investigate canonical Hermitian metrics on such moduli spaces. We discuss in detail remarkable classes of moduli spaces in the non-Kahlerian framework: Oriented holomorphic structures, Quot-spaces, oriented holomorphic pairs and oriented vortices, non-abelian Seiberg-Witten monopoles.
Book Synopsis The Calculus of One-Sided $M$-Ideals and Multipliers in Operator Spaces by : David P. Blecher
Download or read book The Calculus of One-Sided $M$-Ideals and Multipliers in Operator Spaces written by David P. Blecher and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of one-sided $M$-ideals and multipliers of operator spaces is simultaneously a generalization of classical $M$-ideals, ideals in operator algebras, and aspects of the theory of Hilbert $C*$-modules and their maps. Here we give a systematic exposition of this theory. The main part of this memoir consists of a 'calculus' for one-sided $M$-ideals and multipliers, i.e. a collection of the properties of one-sided $M$-ideals and multipliers with respect to the basic constructions met in functional analysis. This is intended to be a reference tool for 'noncommutative functional analysts' who may encounter a one-sided $M$-ideal or multiplier in their work.
Book Synopsis Measure Theoretic Laws for lim sup Sets by : Victor Beresnevich Detta Dickinson Sanju Velani
Download or read book Measure Theoretic Laws for lim sup Sets written by Victor Beresnevich Detta Dickinson Sanju Velani and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2005-12-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given a compact metric space $(\Omega,d)$ equipped with a non-atomic, probability measure $m$ and a positive decreasing function $\psi$, we consider a natural class of lim sup subsets $\Lambda(\psi)$ of $\Omega$. The classical lim sup set $W(\psi)$ of `$\psi$-approximable' numbers in the theory of metric Diophantine approximation fall within this class. We establish sufficient conditions (which are also necessary under some natural assumptions) for the $m$-measure of $\Lambda(\psi)$ to be either positive or full in $\Omega$ and for the Hausdorff $f$-measure to be infinite. The classical theorems of Khintchine-Groshev and Jarnik concerning $W(\psi)$ fall into our general framework. The main results provide a unifying treatment of numerous problems in metric Diophantine approximation including those for real, complex and $p$-adic fields associated with both independent and dependent quantities. Applications also include those to Kleinian groups and rational maps. Compared to previous works our framework allows us to successfully remove many unnecessary conditions and strengthen fundamental results such as Jarnik's theorem and the Baker-Schmidt theorem. In particular, the strengthening of Jarnik's theorem opens up the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture for Hausdorff measures.
Book Synopsis Weil-Petersson Metric on the Universal Teichmuller Space by : Leon Armenovich Takhtadzhi︠a︡n
Download or read book Weil-Petersson Metric on the Universal Teichmuller Space written by Leon Armenovich Takhtadzhi︠a︡n and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this memoir, we prove that the universal Teichmuller space $T(1)$ carries a new structure of a complex Hilbert manifold and show that the connected component of the identity of $T(1)$ -- the Hilbert submanifold $T {0 (1)$ -- is a topological group. We define a Weil-Petersson metric on $T(1)$ by Hilbert space inner products on tangent spaces, compute its Riemann curvature tensor, and show that $T(1)$ is a Kahler-Einstein manifold with negative Ricci and sectional curvatures. We introduce and compute Mumford-Miller-Morita characteristic forms for the vertical tangent bundle of the universal Teichmuller curve fibration over the universal Teichmuller space. As an application, we derive Wolpert curvature formulas for the finite-dimensional Teichmuller spaces from the formulas for the universal Teichmuller space. We study in detail the Hilbert manifold structure on $T {0 (1)$ and characterize points on $T {0 (1)$ in terms of Bers and pre-Bers embeddings by proving that the Grunsky operators $B {1 $ and The results of this memoir were presented in our e-prints: Weil-Petersson metric on the universal Teichmuller space I. Curvature properties and Chern forms, arXiv:math.CV/0312172 (2003), and Weil-Petersson metric on the universal Teichmuller space II. Kahler potential and period mapping, arXiv:math.CV/0406408 (2004).
Book Synopsis Carleson Measures and Interpolating Sequences for Besov Spaces on Complex Balls by : Nicola Arcozzi
Download or read book Carleson Measures and Interpolating Sequences for Besov Spaces on Complex Balls written by Nicola Arcozzi and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: A tree structure for the unit ball $mathbb B? n$ in $mathbb C'n$; Carleson measures; Pointwise multipliers; Interpolating sequences; An almost invariant holomorphic derivative; Besov spaces on trees; Holomorphic Besov spaces on Bergman trees; Completing the multiplier interpolation loop; Appendix; Bibliography
Book Synopsis Borel Liftings of Borel Sets: Some Decidable and Undecidable Statements by : Gabriel Debs
Download or read book Borel Liftings of Borel Sets: Some Decidable and Undecidable Statements written by Gabriel Debs and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the aims of this work is to investigate some natural properties of Borel sets which are undecidable in $ZFC$. The authors' starting point is the following elementary, though non-trivial result: Consider $X \subset 2omega\times2omega$, set $Y=\pi(X)$, where $\pi$ denotes the canonical projection of $2omega\times2omega$ onto the first factor, and suppose that $(\star)$: Any compact subset of $Y$ is the projection of some compact subset of $X$. If moreover $X$ is $\mathbf{\Pi 0 2$ then $(\star\star)$: The restriction of $\pi$ to some relatively closed subset of $X$ is perfect onto $Y$ it follows that in the present case $Y$ is also $\mathbf{\Pi 0 2$. Notice that the reverse implication $(\star\star)\Rightarrow(\star)$ holds trivially for any $X$ and $Y$. But the implication $(\star)\Rightarrow (\star\star)$ for an arbitrary Borel set $X \subset 2omega\times2omega$ is equivalent to the statement $\forall \alpha\in \omegaomega, \, \aleph 1$ is inaccessible in $L(\alpha)$. More precisely The authors prove that the validity of $(\star)\Rightarrow(\star\star)$ for all $X \in \varSigma0 {1+\xi+1 $, is equivalent to $\aleph \xi \aleph 1$. $ZFC$, derive from $(\star)$ the weaker conclusion that $Y$ is also Borel and of the same Baire class as $X$. This last result solves an old problem about compact covering mappings. In fact these results are closely related to the following general boundedness principle Lift$(X, Y)$: If any compact subset of $Y$ admits a continuous lifting in $X$, then $Y$ admits a continuous lifting in $X$, where by a lifting of $Z\subset \pi(X)$ in $X$ we mean a mapping on $Z$ whose graph is contained in $X$. The main result of this work will give the exact set theoretical strength of this principle depending on the descriptive complexity of $X$ and $Y$. The authors also prove a similar result for a variation of Lift$(X, Y)$ in which continuous liftings are replaced by Borel liftings, and which answers a question of H. Friedman. Among other applications the authors obtain a complete solution to a problem which goes back to Lusin concerning the existence of $\mathbf{\Pi 1 1$ sets with all constituents in some given class $\mathbf{\Gamma $ of Borel sets, improving earlier results by J. Stern and R. Sami. Borel sets (in $ZFC$) of a new type, involving a large amount of abstract algebra. This representation was initially developed for the purposes of this proof, but has several other applications.
Book Synopsis Twisted Tensor Products Related to the Cohomology of the Classifying Spaces of Loop Groups by : Katsuhiko Kuribayashi
Download or read book Twisted Tensor Products Related to the Cohomology of the Classifying Spaces of Loop Groups written by Katsuhiko Kuribayashi and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Let $G$ be a compact, simply connected, simple Lie group. By applying the notion of a twisted tensor product in the senses of Brown as well as of Hess, we construct an economical injective resolution to compute, as an algebra, the cotorsion product which is the $E_2$-term of the cobar type Eilenberg-Moore spectral sequence converging to the cohomology of classifying space of the loop group $LG$. As an application, the cohomology $H^*(BLSpin(10); \mathbb{Z}/2)$ is explicitly determined as an $H^*(BSpin(10); \mathbb{Z}/2)$-module by using effectively the cobar type spectral sequence and the Hochschild spectral sequence, and further, by analyzing the TV-model for $BSpin(10)$.
Book Synopsis On Maps from Loop Suspensions to Loop Spaces and the Shuffle Relations on the Cohen Groups by : Jie Wu
Download or read book On Maps from Loop Suspensions to Loop Spaces and the Shuffle Relations on the Cohen Groups written by Jie Wu and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The maps from loop suspensions to loop spaces are investigated using group representations in this article. The shuffle relations on the Cohen groups are given. By using these relations, a universal ring for functorial self maps of double loop spaces of double suspensions is given. Moreover the obstructions to the classical exponent problem in homotopy theory are displayed in the extension groups of the dual of the important symmetric group modules Lie$(n)$, as well as in the top cohomology of the Artin braid groups with coefficients in the top homology of the Artin pure braid groups.
Book Synopsis Distribution Solutions of Nonlinear Systems of Conservation Laws by : Michael Sever
Download or read book Distribution Solutions of Nonlinear Systems of Conservation Laws written by Michael Sever and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The local structure of solutions of initial value problems for nonlinear systems of conservation laws is considered. Given large initial data, there exist systems with reasonable structural properties for which standard entropy weak solutions cannot be continued after finite time, but for which weaker solutions, valued as measures at a given time, exist. At any given time, the singularities thus arising admit representation as weak limits of suitable approximate solutions in the space of measures with respect to the space variable. Two distinct classes of singularities have emerged in this context, known as delta-shocks and singular shocks. Notwithstanding the similar form of the singularities, the analysis of delta-shocks is very different from that of singular shocks, as are the systems for which they occur. Roughly speaking, the difference is that for delta-shocks, the density approximations majorize the flux approximations, whereas for singular shocks, the flux approximations blow up faster. As against that admissible singular shocks have viscous structure.
Book Synopsis Homological and Homotopical Aspects of Torsion Theories by : Apostolos Beligiannis
Download or read book Homological and Homotopical Aspects of Torsion Theories written by Apostolos Beligiannis and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper the authors investigate homological and homotopical aspects of a concept of torsion which is general enough to cover torsion and cotorsion pairs in abelian categories, $t$-structures and recollements in triangulated categories, and torsion pairs in stable categories. The proper conceptual framework for this study is the general setting of pretriangulated categories, an omnipresent class of additive categories which includes abelian, triangulated, stable, and moregenerally (homotopy categories of) closed model categories in the sense of Quillen, as special cases. The main focus of their study is on the investigation of the strong connections and the interplay between (co)torsion pairs and tilting theory in abelian, triangulated and stable categories on one hand,and universal cohomology theories induced by torsion pairs on the other hand. These new universal cohomology theories provide a natural generalization of the Tate-Vogel (co)homology theory. The authors also study the connections between torsion theories and closed model structures, which allow them to classify all cotorsion pairs in an abelian category and all torsion pairs in a stable category, in homotopical terms. For instance they obtain a classification of (co)tilting modules along theselines. Finally they give torsion theoretic applications to the structure of Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay categories, which provide a natural generalization of Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay rings.
Book Synopsis Relatively Hyperbolic Groups: Intrinsic Geometry, Algebraic Properties, and Algorithmic Problems by : Denis V. Osin
Download or read book Relatively Hyperbolic Groups: Intrinsic Geometry, Algebraic Properties, and Algorithmic Problems written by Denis V. Osin and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this the authors obtain an isoperimetric characterization of relatively hyperbolicity of a groups with respect to a collection of subgroups. This allows them to apply classical combinatorial methods related to van Kampen diagrams to obtain relative analogues of some well-known algebraic and geometric properties of ordinary hyperbolic groups. There is also an introduction and study of the notion of a relatively quasi-convex subgroup of a relatively hyperbolic group and solve somenatural algorithmic problems.
Book Synopsis Flat Level Set Regularity of $p$-Laplace Phase Transitions by : Enrico Valdinoci
Download or read book Flat Level Set Regularity of $p$-Laplace Phase Transitions written by Enrico Valdinoci and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We prove a Harnack inequality for level sets of $p$-Laplace phase transition minimizers. In particular, if a level set is included in a flat cylinder, then, in the interior, it is included in a flatter one. The extension of a result conjectured by De Giorgi and recently proven by the third author for $p=2$ follows.
