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Author : Wei Luo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book A Modeling Approach to Studying Wildland Urban Interface Fires written by Wei Luo and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James David Absher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Residents' Responses to Wildland Fire Programs written by James David Absher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compilation and summary of four research studies is presented. They were aimed at developing a theoretical and practical understanding of homeowners' attitudes and behaviors in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) in relation to the threat from wildland fires. Individual studies focused on models and methods that measured (1) value orientations (patterns of basic beliefs) toward natural processes, (2) attitudes toward wildland fire policies, and (3) behavioral intentions to adopt defensible space activities or support agency policies/actions. This report presents some of the key findings from these studies, highlights the practical consequences of adopting a theory-based approach to understanding wildland fire management in urbanized areas, and suggests strategies for successful wildfire-prevention education programs.
Author : U.s. Department of Commerce
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781495323386
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)
Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Wildland-Urban Interface Fires written by U.s. Department of Commerce and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few years, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires have become of much greater concern. The WUI includes people and property, and, therefore, the costs of damage in the built environment, especially when measured in terms of injury to people, death and property damage, are far higher than in wildland settings, National Interagency Fire Center (2006). The WUI has been found to be large and growing rapidly in the United States as population expands and housing development in wildland areas continues. People are building more houses in a wildland setting every year, Environmental Literacy Council (2007). For example, data from year 2000 show that about 36 % or 42 million homes in the U.S. are in the WUI and the numbers are growing rapidly, Radeloff et al (2005) and Gustafson et al (2005). Also, as the average temperature, both within the United States and globally, has increased, earlier snowmelts have taken place, extending the number of weeks every year that forests are exposed to high temperatures and dangerously dry conditions, Andrews et al. (2007). Increasingly hot and dry conditions in the United States have led, in turn, to more acres of wildland fuel consumed by wildfire with greater threat to the WUI, Andrews et al (2007), National Interagency Fire Center (2006).
Author : Ronald G. Rehm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Wildland-urban Interface Fires written by Ronald G. Rehm and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eric Victor Mueller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (833 download)
Download or read book LES Modeling of Flow Through Vegetation with Applications to Wildland Fires written by Eric Victor Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Due to continued outward expansion of industry and community development into the wildland-urban interface (WUI), the threat to life safety and property from wildland fires has become a significant problem. Such fire scenarios can be better understood through the use of computation fluid dynamics based fire-spread models. However, current physical fire models must be specifically adapted to handle the phenomena associated with WUI fires. Only then can they be reliably used as research and decision making tools to help mitigate the problem. In this research, the current standard in wildland fire modeling for representing the effect on wind flow from a porous vegetative medium is examined. The technique used employs basic correlations for object drag, and its validity with respect to real vegetation has yet to be examined in detail by the scientific community. The modeling of vegetation is studied within the framework of the existing Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS), and the potential need for continued development is assessed. Comparisons are made to both experimental and numerical studies. Additionally, the validity of the model is considered at both the scale of an individual tree, as well as that of a whole forest canopy. Results show that as a first approximation the model is able to perform well in the latter case. At the scale of an individual tree, however, the behavior is governed by theoretical constants. The assumption of cylindrical vegetation elements performs slightly better than the commonly used spherical case, but neither adequately captures experimental tendencies. Accurate flow representation for single trees is crucial to modeling the key driving factors of fire behavior (such as combustion and heat transfer) in small scale WUI scenarios. Ultimately, this study illustrates the need for well-designed experiments, specifically to generate empirical constants which will improve the behavior of the simplified theory.
Author : Jianchun Xu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)
Download or read book An Approach to Spatial Data Gathering Technology written by Jianchun Xu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James Absher
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781480172081
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Residents' Responses to Wildland Fire Programs: a Review of Cognitive and Behavioral Studies written by James Absher and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compilation and summary of four research studies is presented. They were aimed at developing a theoretical and practical understanding of homeowners' attitudes and behaviors in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) in relation to the threat from wildland fires. Individual studies focused on models and methods that measured (1) value orientations (patterns of basic beliefs) toward natural processes, (2) attitudes toward wildland fire policies, and (3) behavioral intentions to adopt defensible space activities or support agency policies/actions. This report presents some of the key findings from these studies, highlights the practical consequences of adopting a theory-based approach to understanding wildland fire management in urbanized areas, and suggests strategies for successful wildfire-prevention education programs.
Author : James D. Absher
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437933343
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)
Download or read book Residents' Responses to Wildland Fire Programs written by James D. Absher and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of four studies which were aimed at developing a theoretical and practical understanding of homeowners¿ attitudes and behaviors in the wildland-urban interface in relation to the threat from wildland fires. The studies focused on methods that measured: (1) value orientations (patterns of basic beliefs) toward natural processes; (2) attitudes toward wildland fire policies; and (3) behavioral intentions to adopt defensible space activities or support agency policies and actions. This report presents the key findings from these studies, highlights the practical consequences of adopting a theory-based approach to understanding wildland fire management in urbanized areas, and suggests strategies for successful wildfire-prevention education programs. Illustrations.
Author : Joe H. Scott
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Standard Fire Behavior Fuel Models written by Joe H. Scott and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a new set of standard fire behavior fuel models for use with Rothermels surface fire spread model and the relationship of the new set to the original set of 13 fire behavior fuel models. To assist with transition to using the new fuel models, a fuel model selection guide, fuel model crosswalk, and set of fuel model photos are provided.
Author : Hao C. Tran
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (154 download)
Download or read book Modeling Ignition of Structures in Wildland/urban Interface Fires written by Hao C. Tran and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James David Absher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Residents' Responses to Wildland Fire Programs written by James David Absher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John J. Qu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642325300
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Remote Sensing Modeling and Applications to Wildland Fires written by John J. Qu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists and managers alike need timely, cost-effective, and technically appropriate fire-related information to develop functional strategies for the diverse fire communities. "Remote Sensing Modeling and Applications to Wildland Fires" addresses wildland fire management needs by presenting discussions that link ecology and the physical sciences from local to regional levels, views on integrated decision support data for policy and decision makers, new technologies and techniques, and future challenges and how remote sensing might help to address them. While creating awareness of wildland fire management and rehabilitation issues, hands-on experience in applying remote sensing and simulation modeling is also shared. This book will be a useful reference work for researchers, practitioners and graduate students in the fields of fire science, remote sensing and modeling applications. Professor John J. Qu works at the Department of Geography and GeoInformation Science at George Mason University (GMU), USA. He is the Founder and Director of the Environmental Science and Technology Center (ESTC) and EastFIRE Lab at GMU.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book A Framework for Measuring the Impact of Wildland-urban Interface Fires on a Regional Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report develops an approach to evaluate the direct and indirect impacts from wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires that result in the loss of functionality of the built environment, for a regional economy. While direct losses from WUI fires are largely observable, needed is a mechanism to evaluate how these losses indirectly affect other sectors of the economy. The approach is designed to quantify the total impacts (both direct and indirect) from WUI fire due to a loss of functionality of assets (e.g., structures) directly impacted in a regional economy, and provides a mechanism to systematically quantify the interplay between direct and indirect economic impacts. The use of a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model allows for simulation of various possible economic shocks resulting from the temporary or permanent loss of the built environment. It also allows for behavioral changes of the local population due to fire risk. The output from such an approach will facilitate a better understanding of the potential vulnerabilities within a community. For example, the approach will identify thresholds of functionality that if exceeded would result in catastrophic loss. In addition, simulation of risk mitigation scenarios (allowing for a resilience in functionality) could be used to determine optimal intervention strategies. Combined with intervention cost data, cost-effective risk mitigation strategies can be identified.
Author : Edward A. Johnson
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080506747
Total Pages : 617 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Forest Fires written by Edward A. Johnson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-03-01 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even before the myth of Prometheus, fire played a crucial ecological role around the world. Numerous plant communities depend on fire to generate species diversity in both time and space. Without fire such ecosystems would become sterile monocultures. Recent efforts to prohibit fire in fire dependent communities have contributed to more intense and more damaging fires. For these reasons, foresters, ecologists, land managers, geographers, and environmental scientists are interested in the behavior and ecological effects of fires. This book will be the first to focus on the chemistry and physics of fire as it relates to the ways in which fire behaves and the impacts it has on ecosystem function. Leading international contributors have been recruited by the editors to prepare a didactic text/reference that will appeal to both advanced students and practicing professionals.
Author : Mark A. Finney
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 1486309097
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (863 download)
Download or read book Wildland Fire Behaviour written by Mark A. Finney and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2021-11 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires have an irreplaceable role in sustaining many of our forests, shrublands and grasslands. They can be used as controlled burns or occur as free-burning wildfires, and can sometimes be dangerous and destructive to fauna, human communities and natural resources. Through scientific understanding of their behaviour, we can develop the tools to reliably use and manage fires across landscapes in ways that are compatible with the constraints of modern society while benefiting the ecosystems. The science of wildland fire is incomplete, however. Even the simplest fire behaviours – how fast they spread, how long they burn and how large they get – arise from a dynamical system of physical processes interacting in unexplored ways with heterogeneous biological, ecological and meteorological factors across many scales of time and space. The physics of heat transfer, combustion and ignition, for example, operate in all fires at millimetre and millisecond scales but wildfires can become conflagrations that burn for months and exceed millions of hectares. Wildland Fire Behaviour: Dynamics, Principles and Processes examines what is known and unknown about wildfire behaviours. The authors introduce fire as a dynamical system along with traditional steady-state concepts. They then break down the system into its primary physical components, describe how they depend upon environmental factors, and explore system dynamics by constructing and exercising a nonlinear model. The limits of modelling and knowledge are discussed throughout but emphasised by review of large fire behaviours. Advancing knowledge of fire behaviours will require a multidisciplinary approach and rely on quality measurements from experimental research, as covered in the final chapters.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309460042
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Century of Wildland Fire Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-30 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although ecosystems, humans, and fire have coexisted for millennia, changes in geology, ecology, hydrology, and climate as well as sociocultural, regulatory, and economic factors have converged to make wildland fire management exceptionally challenging for U.S. federal, state, and local authorities. Given the mounting, unsustainable costs and difficulty translating existing wildland fire science into policy, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a 1-day workshop to focus on how a century of wildland fire research can contribute to improving wildland fire management. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author : David T. Butry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)
Download or read book A Framework for Measuring the Impact of Wildland-urban Interface Fires on a Regional Economy written by David T. Butry and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report develops an approach to evaluate the direct and indirect impacts from wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires that result in the loss of functionality of the built environment, for a regional economy. While direct losses from WUI fires are largely observable, needed is a mechanism to evaluate how these indirectly affect other sectors of the economy. The approach is designed to quantify the total impacts (both direct and indirect) from WUI fire due to a loss of functionality of assets (e.g., structures) directly impacted in a regional economy, and provides a mechanism to systematically quantify the interplay between direct and indirect economic impacts. The use of a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model allows for simulation of various possible economic shocks resulting from the temporary or permanent loss of the built environment. It also allows for behavioral changes of the local population due to fire risk (e.g., changes in preferences). The output from such an approach will facilitate a better understanding of the potential vulnerabilities within a community. For example, the approach will identify thresholds of functionality that if exceeded would result in catastrophic loss. In addition, simulation of risk mitigation scenarios (allowing for a resilience in functionality) could be used to determine optimal intervention strategies. Combined with intervention cost data and cost-effective risk mitigation strategies could be identified.
