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Author : Marvin Levine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book A Model of Hypothesis Behavior in Discrimination Learning Set written by Marvin Levine and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James Lewis Fobes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (279 download)
Download or read book Hypotheses Behavior Analysis of Discrimination Learning Involving Preferred and Avoided Stimuli written by James Lewis Fobes and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marvin Levine
Publisher : Halsted Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (49 download)
Download or read book A Cognitive Theory of Learning written by Marvin Levine and published by Halsted Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise and fall and rise of hypothesis theory; Visit to a small laboratory.
Author : A. M. Schrier
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317757734
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Behavioral Primatology written by A. M. Schrier and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1977. The volume of research on nonhuman primates has expanded tremendously during the past 20 years and researchers' familiarity with them has increased correspondingly. This series of volumes deals with scientific studies of the behavior of nonhuman primates-apes, monkeys, and prosimians. The behavior of these animals is, of course, of interest in its own right. But, then, so is that of the many other orders of animals. Behavior of nonhuman primates is of special interest because these animals are more closely related to human beings structurally, physiologically, and, beyond doubt, behaviorally, than are any other living animals.
Author : William Estes
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317672283
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes (Volume 3) written by William Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, Volume 3 of this Handbook deals primarily with conditions of acquisition, retention and forgetting, and the manner in which acquired information and motivation combine to determine performance. The organization of this volume can be understood in terms of four principal categories. The first category deals with general problems of methodology, the second and third with basic concepts arising from research on human learning and performance and the fourth with applications. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatment of specific research areas which comprise the later volumes. The areas traditionally associated with conditioning, learning theory and the basic psychology of human learning are treated in Volumes 2 and 3. The last three volumes will range over active lines of research having to do with human cognitive processes, at the time: Volume 4, attention, memory storage and retrieval; Volumes 5 and 6, information processing, reading, semantic memory, and problem solving.
Author : Marvin Levine
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000649121
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book A Cognitive Theory of Learning written by Marvin Levine and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1975, A Cognitive Theory of Learning provides a history of hypothesis theory (H theory), along with the author’s research from the previous decade. The first part introduces the reader to contributions of some major learning theorists. It traces the history of H theory, reviewing the confrontation with conditioning theory, with the stress on the emergence of H theory which came to predominate. The second part describes the author’s work, presented as it emerged over time. It shows how the outcome of one experiment typically led to the next theoretical development or experiment. Originally part of The Experimental Psychology Series this reissue can now be read and enjoyed again in its historical context.
Author : T. J. Tighe
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317738144
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Perception, Cognition, and Development written by T. J. Tighe and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on a conference held at Dartmouth College’s Minary Conference Center in Holdemess, New Hampshire, June 4 -7 , 1981. The conference brought together a number of investigators whose separate lines of inquiry bear in significant ways on the relationships among perception, cognition, and development. The purpose was to consider interactions among these basic processes not only as a critical facet of the research programs of the participants but also as a central conceptual problem for current theoretical psychology. First published in 1983. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author : William Robert Jenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)
Download or read book Error Patterning and Hypothesis Behavior of Children and Pigeons in Discrimination Learning written by William Robert Jenson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristic distributions of errors across fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement were studied for two types of discrimination paradigms. Two experiments studied error patterns as a function of hypothesis behavior in two species of animals, children and pigeons. Three key zero-delay matching-to-sample and two key simultaneous discrimination were reinforced for both species of animals on fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement. Experiment 1 involved children on matching-to-sample and simultaneous discrimination, and Experiment 2 involved pigeons on matching-to-sample and simultaneous discrimination. Both species of subjects experienced experimental conditions in which shift or stay response hypotheses were selectively reinforced using a high speed digital computer. Data protocols were scored into four exhaustive error classes winstay, lose - shift win-shift, lose-stay win - stay, lose-stay and win-shift, lose-shift errors. These four error types were scored by frequency of occurrence and response latency for the ordinal positions of the fixed ratio. Two types of error patterns were defined for individual subjects. A standard error pattern was defined as having 15% more first half ratio errors than last half ratio errors. A reversed error pattern was defined as having 15% more last half ratio errors than first half ratio errors. Experimental results indicated that selective reinforcement of particular response hypotheses produced only small effects for either species of animal on matching-to-sample or simultaneous discrimination. Response latencies for matching-to-sample and simultaneous discrimination were divided into two classes. The first class included long latency responses occurring immediately after reinforcement for children and pigeons. The second class included shorter latencies in the succeeding ordinal positions of the ratio for children and pigeons. A majority of standard error patterns were produced when the total errors were separated into specific error types for low accuracy subjects of bot...
Author : W. Estes
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317670337
Total Pages : 2214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes written by W. Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 2214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is it possible at present to identify a core cluster of theoretical ideas, concepts, and methods with which everyone working in the area of learning and cognition needs to be familiar? Would it be possible to make explicit the relationships that we feel do or must exist among the various subspecialties, ranging from conditioning through perceptual learning and memory to psycholinguistics, and to present these in a sufficiently organized way to help specialists and non-specialists alike in relating particular lines of research to the broader spectrum of activity? These questions were posed to a substantial number of investigators who were most active in developing the ideas and doing the research in the early 1970s. Originally published between 1975 and 1978, their response constitutes this 6-volume Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. The volumes survey the research and theory on learning and cognitive processes that were rapidly developing at the time. The primary orientation was to concentrate on research and models aimed toward the development of general cognitive theory. They were up-to-date with regard to theoretical and technical developments, and sufficiently self-contained to be readable by anyone with a reasonable scientific background, regardless of their acquaintance with the technical jargon of particular specialties. Previously out of print, the Handbook is now available again, as a set or as individual volumes.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080565859
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Advances in Child Development and Behavior written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1981-09-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Child Development and Behavior
Author : William K. Estes
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317672291
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes (Volume 3) written by William K. Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, Volume 3 of this Handbook deals primarily with conditions of acquisition, retention and forgetting, and the manner in which acquired information and motivation combine to determine performance. The organization of this volume can be understood in terms of four principal categories. The first category deals with general problems of methodology, the second and third with basic concepts arising from research on human learning and performance and the fourth with applications. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatment of specific research areas which comprise the later volumes. The areas traditionally associated with conditioning, learning theory and the basic psychology of human learning are treated in Volumes 2 and 3. The last three volumes will range over active lines of research having to do with human cognitive processes, at the time: Volume 4, attention, memory storage and retrieval; Volumes 5 and 6, information processing, reading, semantic memory, and problem solving.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 008086354X
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Psychology of Learning and Motivation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1970-04-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology of Learning and Motivation
Author : Tracy S. Kendler
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134756429
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Levels of Cognitive Development written by Tracy S. Kendler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed levels theory presented in this book concerns some developmental changes in the capacity to selectively encode information and provide rational solutions to problems. These changes are measured by the behavior exhibited in simple discrimination-learning problems that allow both for information to be encoded either selectively or nonselectively and for solutions to be produced by associative learning or by hypothesis-testing. The simplicity of these problems permits comparisons between infrahuman and human performance and also between a wide range of ages among humans. Human adults presented with these problems typically encode the relevant information selectively and solve the problems in a rational mode. Infrahuman animals, however, typically process the information nonselectively and solve the problems in an automatic, associative mode. How human children encode the information and solve the problems depends on their age. The youngest children -- like the infrahuman animals -- mostly encode the information nonselectively and solve the problems in the associative mode. But between early childhood and young adulthood there is a gradual, long-term, quantifiable increase in the tendency to encode the information selectively and to solve the problem by testing plausible hypotheses. The theory explains in some detail the structure, function, development, and operation of the psychological system that produces both the ontogenetic and phylogenetic differences. This system is assumed to be differentiated into an information-processing system and an executive system analogous to the differentiation of the nervous system into afferent and efferent systems. Each of these systems is further differentiated into structural levels, with the higher level, in part, duplicating the function of the lower level, but in a more plastic, voluntary, and efficient manner. The differentiation of the information-processing and executive systems into different functional levels is presumed to have occurred sometime during the evolution of mankind with the higher level evolving later than the lower one as the central nervous system became increasing encephalized. As for human ontogeny, the higher levels are assumed to develop later and more slowly than their lower-level counterparts. In addition to accounting for a substantial body of empirical data, the theory resolves some recurrent controversies that have bedeviled psychology since its inception as a science. It accomplishes this by showing how information can be both nonselectively and selectively encoded, how automatic associative learning and rational problem-solving can operate in harmony, and how cognitive development can be both qualitative and quantitative.
Author : Allan M. Schrier
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483259749
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Behavior of Nonhuman Primates written by Allan M. Schrier and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior of Nonhuman Primates: Modern Research Trends, Volume 4 provides information pertinent to research on behavior of nonhuman primates. This book presents a systematic investigation of memory processes in animals. Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the implication of the obvious similarity of monkeys and humans in interproblem learning. This text then presents a series of investigations of the retention of object-discrimination learning by learning-set-experienced rhesus monkeys. Other chapters consider the capability of chimpanzees to handle at least rudimentary stages of certain higher mental functions. This book discusses as well the communicative behavior of animals, which is similar to the rest of animal behavior in that it is governed by general perceptual, motor, motivational, and associative laws. The final chapter deals with the main accomplishments of a program designed to teach language to a chimpanzee. This book is a valuable resource for students and research workers.
Author : Neal J. Roese
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317780477
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book What Might Have Been written by Neal J. Roese and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within a few short years, research on counterfactual thinking has mushroomed, establishing itself as one of the signature domains within social psychology. Counterfactuals are thoughts of what might have been, of possible past outcomes that could have taken place. Counterfactuals and their implications for perceptions of time and causality have long fascinated philosophers, but only recently have social psychologists made them the focus of empirical inquiry. Following the publication of Kahneman and Tversky's seminal 1982 paper, a burgeoning literature has implicated counterfactual thinking in such diverse judgments as causation, blame, prediction, and suspicion; in such emotional experiences as regret, elation, disappointment and sympathy; and also in achievement, coping, and intergroup bias. But how do such thoughts come about? What are the mechanisms underlying their operation? How do their consequences benefit, or harm, the individual? When is their generation spontaneous and when is it strategic? This volume explores these and other numerous issues by assembling contributions from the most active researchers in this rapidly expanding subfield of social psychology. Each chapter provides an in-depth exploration of a particular conceptual facet of counterfactual thinking, reviewing previous work, describing ongoing, cutting-edge research, and offering novel theoretical analysis and synthesis. As the first edited volume to bring together the many threads of research and theory on counterfactual thinking, this book promises to be a source of insight and inspiration for years to come.
Author : Stuart R. Hameroff
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262082624
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Toward a Science of Consciousness II written by Stuart R. Hameroff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text originates from the second of two conferences discussing the concept of consciousness. In 15 sections, this book demonstrates the broad range of fields now focusing on consciousness.
Author : Yadin Dudai
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198520875
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)
Download or read book Memory from A to Z written by Yadin Dudai and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A readable companion to the language of memory research, this work aims to provide a versatile tool kit of definitions, information and further reading, a trigger for contemplation, discussion, and an aid to study and teaching.
