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Author : Yosef Sheffi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (642 download)
Download or read book A Model of Driver Behavior at High Speed Signalized Intersections written by Yosef Sheffi and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yohannes Bekele Weldegiorgis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)
Download or read book Modeling Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections with Red Light Camera written by Yohannes Bekele Weldegiorgis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years many red light cameras have been installed at signalized intersections along urban arterials. The main reason behind installing cameras is to reduce red light running behavior in an effort to improve intersection safety. At red light camera equipped intersections, if a driver is aware of the presence of the cameras his/her driving behavior is bound to change. This behavioral change however, may be intentional or unintentional. The change in behavior will influence the utilization of yellow intervals resulting in an increased "dilemma zone" which in turn, will affect the capacity (or efficiency) of the intersection operation. Motorist behavior at an intersection equipped with red light camera is a major factor contributing to the safety and operation of the intersection. A motorists' decision whether to pass or stop at the intersection during the yellow signal interval depends on a number of factors, such as speed, geometric characteristics, driver's attitude, to name a few. The decision with respect to the yellow signal can result in red light running or rear end and side collisions. Motorists' behavior at red light camera intersections during exposure with a yellow signal may be seen as a binary decision in which case the two main decisions are either to come to a stop or cross the intersection. In this dissertation, a discrete choice model of the stopping probability is developed using vehicles' actual speed and location from the stop line when the motorist is exposed to the yellow signal. A binary choice model is developed using the probability of stopping to the yellow signal as a function of actual approach speed, distance from intersection, and presence of camera. The existence of the dilemma zone is estimated using dilemma zone plots developed from the probability of stopping vs. distance from stop line during the yellow interval. The dissertation also presents a new approach to calculate the change in capacity resulting from drivers stopping at the intersection during the yellow interval. Using field data from Baltimore, Maryland it is shown that the capacity of camera equipped intersections may be lower than that at intersections without cameras. -- Abstract.
Author : Robert Hilton Wortman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book An Evaluation of Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections written by Robert Hilton Wortman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Paul Zador
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections in Relation to Yellow Intervals written by Paul Zador and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bhaven Naik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (968 download)
Download or read book Dilemma Zone Protection on High-speed Arterials written by Bhaven Naik and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Driver behavior within the dilemma zone can be a major safety concern at high-speed signalized intersections, especially for heavy trucks. The Nebraska Department of ROADS (NDOR) has developed an implemented an Actuated Advance Warning (AAW) dilemma zone protection system. The AAW system has been documented as being effective at improving traffic safety at isolated signalized intersections. However, the system is yet to be used at signalized intersections operating in the coordinated mode. This study tested the feasibility of deploying the system on arterials where the signals are closely spaced and operate in a coordinated mode. A microsimulation approach -- integration of traffic microsimulation and surrogate safety performance measures -- was developed to assess the potential benefits (safety and operation) in-lieu of observed traffic and crash data. The analysis of conflicts indicated that, on average, there were 30%, 7%, and 30% reductions in the number of rear-end, lane change, and crossing conflicts respectively when the AAW system was used. In terms of the relative productivity of the system, the number of vehicles that were processed during a specified analysis period revealed that there were generally more vehicles processed when the AAW system was not in place. Also, the overall link travel times were slightly higher when the system was in place" (page viii).
Author : Xiaoyang Geng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Dilemma Zone Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections written by Xiaoyang Geng and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Daiheng Ni
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030385493
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Signalized Intersections written by Daiheng Ni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-27 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook introduces the basics principles of intersection signalization including need studies, signal phasing, sequencing, timing, as well as more advanced topics such as detectors, controllers, actuated control schemes, and signal coordination. The book covers a variety of topics critical to the set up and operation of intersections controlled by traffic signals. Professor Ni imparts a basic understanding of how intersections work, what justifies intersection signalization, how to properly design phasing and timing plans for intersections, what is needed to run traffic-responsive signals, the workings of traffic controller cabinets, and how to set up signal coordination at multiple intersections—competencies essential to transportation professionals in charge of traffic operation at federal, state, and local levels. Aimed at students in transportation engineering programs with a focus on intersection signalization, the book is also ideal for researchers of traffic dynamics and municipal civil and transportation engineers.
Author : Hesham Rakha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Development of a Framework for Evaluating Yellow Timing at Signalized Intersections written by Hesham Rakha and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies show that the proper design of clearance intervals has significant implications for intersection safety. For example, in 2001, approximately 218,000 red-light-running crashes occurred at signalized intersections in the United States. These crashes resulted in nearly 181,000 injuries and 880 fatalities and an economic loss of $14 billion. Driver behavior while the driver is approaching high-speed signalized intersections at the onset of a yellow indication varies as a function of many parameters. Some of these parameters are related to the driver's attributes, e.g., age, gender, perception-reaction time, and acceptable deceleration levels. Other parameters that relate to the intersection geometry include the approach speed, distance, and time to the intersection at the onset of the yellow indication. This study developed a novice approach for computing the clearance interval duration that explicitly accounts for the reliability of the design (probability that drivers are not caught in a dilemma zone). Lookup tables based on the limited data available from this study are provided to illustrate how the framework could be used in the design of yellow timings. The approach was developed using data gathered along Virginia's Smart Road test facility for dry and clear weather conditions for two approach speeds: 72.4 km/h (45 mph) and 88.5 km/h (55 mph). Each dataset includes a complete tracking of the vehicle every deci-second within 150 m (500 ft) before and after the intersection. A total of 3,454 stop-run records were gathered. These include 1,727 records (687 running records and 1,040 stopping records) for an approach speed of 45 mph and 1,727 records (625 running records and 1,102 stopping records) for an approach speed of 55 mph. Using these data, models that characterize driver perception-reaction times and deceleration levels were developed. The application of the proposed approach demonstrates that the current design procedures are consistent with a reliability level of 98%.
Author : Karen S. Schurr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Safety and Driver Behavior Studies at Multiple Lane Approaches to Stop-controlled Intersections written by Karen S. Schurr and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Z. A. Sabra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Driver Response in Active Advanced Warning Signs at High-speed Signalized Intersections. Final Report written by Z. A. Sabra and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Suresh Lankalapalli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Impact of Older Driver Behavior on the Capacity of Signalized Intersections written by Suresh Lankalapalli and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael P. Dixon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Improved Simulation of Stop Bar Driver Behavior at Signalized Intersections written by Michael P. Dixon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jiten Shah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811669378
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (693 download)
Download or read book Intelligent Infrastructure in Transportation and Management written by Jiten Shah and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mainly focuses on the innovations in intelligent transportation infrastructure and management. The content of the book is selected in such a way that it will cover a wide range of areas to integrate advanced technologies and provide best and innovative solution to problems faced by the rapidly growing transportation sector. The topics of the book primarily address the needs of the students in civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering. It is equally useful as reference material for innovators, inventors, practitioners, and policymaker for an innovative and classified solution in the field of transportation and infrastructure management. Looking at the global electric and hybrid vehicles market, the book focuses on and discuss recent developments in electric mobility across the globe. In this edition, we try to feature toward an update on the performance and costs of batteries which is the current demand of the consumers. The book inspires researchers, innovators, industry experts, and policymakers to consider the solutions into the practice.
Author : Qiang Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Studies of Driver Behaviors and Traffic Flow Characteristics at Roadway Intersections written by Qiang Yang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performances of intersections and driveway access points are crucial to a road network in terms of efficiency and safety. Driver behavior and traffic flow characteristics at these locations are relatively complex. To better understand these issues and potentially provide guidance to engineers in their designs, a series of studies were performed on the driver behavior and traffic characteristics at intersections and driveway access points based on field experiments or observations. First, a countdown timers study was performed in China about their influences on driver behavior. It was found that the presence of countdown timers may encourage yellow running behavior and late entry into intersections in China. Second, a phase gradient method was proposed for the general application purpose to the studies of driver behavior and traffic characteristics at signalized intersections. A case study on red-light cameras was performed at Knoxville, TN. Third, a study was performed to learn the legal issues and arguments about the usage of red-light cameras for the purpose of generating profits. A variety of engineering measures, mainly dealing with the setting of the traffic signal, which could be potentially used by municipalities or camera vendors to trap red-light runners and thus generating more revenues from the camera system are discussed. Finally, an experiment was conducted to simulate the right-turn issues, which impact the safety and operation efficiency at intersections or driveway access points. Two turn lane geometric parameters, angle-of-turn and tangent, and their influences on driver behavior and traffic flow characteristics were studied.
Author : Yina Wu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (912 download)
Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of Different Dilemma Zone Countermeasures at Signalized Intersections Based on Cellular Automaton Model written by Yina Wu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, intersections are among the most frequent locations for crashes. One of the major problems at signalized intersection is the dilemma zone, which is caused by false driver behavior during the yellow interval. This research evaluated driver behavior during the yellow interval at signalized intersections and compared different dilemma zone countermeasures. The study was conducted through four stages. First, the driver behavior during the yellow interval were collected and analyzed. Eight variables, which are related to risky situations, are considered. The impact factors of drivers' stop/go decisions and the presence of the red-light running (RLR) violations were also analyzed. Second, based on the field data, a logistic model, which is a function of speed, distance to the stop line and the lead/follow position of the vehicle, was developed to predict drivers' stop/go decisions. Meanwhile, Cellular Automata (CA) models for the movement at the signalized intersection were developed. In this study, four different simulation scenarios were established, including the typical intersection signal, signal with flashing green phases, the intersection with pavement marking upstream of the approach, and the intersection with a new countermeasure: adding an auxiliary flashing indication next to the pavement marking. When vehicles are approaching the intersection with a speed lower than the speed limit of the intersection approach, the auxiliary flashing yellow indication will begin flashing before the yellow phase. If the vehicle that has not passed the pavement marking before the onset of the auxiliary flashing yellow indication and can see the flashing indication, the driver should choose to stop during the yellow interval.
Author : Dusan Teodorovic
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317630912
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)
Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Transportation written by Dusan Teodorovic and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Transportation offers a current and comprehensive survey of transportation planning and engineering research. It provides a step-by-step introduction to research related to traffic engineering and control, transportation planning, and performance measurement and evaluation of transportation alternatives. The Handbook of Transportation demonstrates models and methods for predicting travel and freight demand, planning future transportation networks, and developing traffic control systems. Readers will learn how to use various engineering concepts and approaches to make future transportation safer, more efficient, and more sustainable. Edited by Dušan Teodorović and featuring 29 chapters from more than 50 leading global experts, with more than 200 illustrations, the Routledge Handbook of Transportation is designed as an invaluable resource for professionals and students in transportation planning and engineering.
Author : Steven Jackson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Leveraging the Second Strategic Highway Research Program Naturalistic Driving Study written by Steven Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overall, 40 percent of crashes in the United States occur at intersections; a total of 57 percent of fatalities from 1997–2004 occurred at stop-controlled intersections, of which 61 percent occurred in rural areas. Factors believed to contribute to these incidents include inadequate surveillance, failure to obey/yield, driver inattention, and speed. This study used naturalistic driving data collected under the second Strategic Highway Research Program to explore drivers’ brake and glance patterns on approach to rural high-speed, stop-controlled intersections from the minor route. Brake distance was found to be sufficiently predicted by brake speed (the speed at which the driver was moving upon initial brake activation). At an average brake speed of 61.7 mi/h, participants first applied the brakes at an average distance of 328.7 ft from the intersection. Older participants (ages 45 to 84) applied the brakes farther upstream, especially at higher speeds, than their younger counterparts (ages 18 to 44). The probability of making a complete stop was found to vary significantly with average annual mileage (AAM) and expressed risk associated with performing rolling stops. Participants with higher AAM were found more likely to make complete stops. Intersection approaches were divided into five 98.4-ft segments, and total glance duration to eight regions of interest (ROIs) within each segment were analyzed. Drivers spent nearly the entire approach glancing to the forward ROI until they were 98.4 ft from the intersection. Between 0 and 98.4 ft, drivers spent an average of 5.1 s scanning the intersecting roadway; a total of 86.5 percent of all intersection scanning occurred in the last 98.4 ft of the approach. A novel difference was found among intersection crossings according to the type of stop performed. Drivers who came to a complete (0 mi/h) stop spent just 39.2 percent of their prestop time scanning the intersection, while rolling stoppers spent 74.5 percent. This suggests that complete stoppers focus on getting to the intersection and then stop, scan, and proceed, whereas rolling stoppers scan the intersection prior to arrival so that they can proceed at higher speeds while maintaining a perception of safety.
