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A Lagrangian Transport Core For The Simulation Of Stratospheric Trace Species In A Chemistry Climate Model
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Book Synopsis A Lagrangian transport core for the simulation of stratospheric trace species in a Chemistry Climate Model by : Charlotte Marinke Hoppe
Download or read book A Lagrangian transport core for the simulation of stratospheric trace species in a Chemistry Climate Model written by Charlotte Marinke Hoppe and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2014 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Laser Induced Ablation Spectroscopy (LIAS) as a method for quantitative in situ surface diagnostic in plasma environments by : Niels Gierse
Download or read book Assessment of Laser Induced Ablation Spectroscopy (LIAS) as a method for quantitative in situ surface diagnostic in plasma environments written by Niels Gierse and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2014 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CRREL Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Modeling Study of the Influence of Large Scale Wave Transport on Stratospheric Trace Gases by : Wanli Wu
Download or read book A Modeling Study of the Influence of Large Scale Wave Transport on Stratospheric Trace Gases written by Wanli Wu and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spring Meeting by : American Geophysical Union. Meeting
Download or read book Spring Meeting written by American Geophysical Union. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change by : Rolf Müller (physicien.)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change written by Rolf Müller (physicien.) and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Geophysical Research by :
Download or read book Journal of Geophysical Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Atmospheric Transport in the Western Pacific Region by Measurements and Model Simulations by : Xiaoyu Sun
Download or read book The Atmospheric Transport in the Western Pacific Region by Measurements and Model Simulations written by Xiaoyu Sun and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major pathway for air entering the stratosphere is over the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) region, and this key region influences the atmospheric composition in the stratosphere. Motivated by this, we used trace gas measurements by using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer and cirrus cloud measurements by using a ground-based COMpact Cloud Aerosol Lidar, COMCAL from the atmospheric observatory at Koror, Palau (7.34°N, 134.47°E}, in the heart of the Pacific warm pool) and combined model simulations to study the transport pathways, with a special focus on the stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) processes over this key region. The atmospheric transport dynamics in the TWP region are closely linked to the movements of the circulation system, particularly the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) associated with the up-welling branch of the Hadley cell. Given the limitations of traditional ITCZ indicators, such as the maximum tropical rain belt to determine the air mass origins, I have developed a tool termed the Chemical Equator (CE), modified from Hamilton et al., (2008) to study the Inter-hemispheric Transport (IHT). The CE is calculated by the model simulation of an artificial passive tracer by GEOS-Chem to discern the migration patterns of circulation systems and air mass origins. Subsequently, the CE was used to characterize tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3) column measurements using the FTIR Spectrometer and the ozone sondes, respectively. The observed low CO and O3 during summer and early autumn, contrasting with maxima in winter and early spring, were outlined by the seasonal meridian movement of the CE. Additionally, comparisons were made between CE and commonly used IHT indicators, such as satellite measurements of methane (CH4) and CO, and model simulations of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Particularly, the position of CE demonstrated agreement with the meridional gradient boundary of those trace gases. Consequently, the impact of IHT on the seasonal variation of the trace gases in the tropospheric TWP region suggests that CE holds the potential to differentiate diverse air mass origins influenced by large-scale atmospheric circulation. Upper-air observations targeting the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) were performed to detect cirrus cloud layers using Lidar, COMCAL. The annual cycle shows that cloud layer height peaks with the highest Cold Point Tropopause (CPT) in winter and reaches its minimum with the lowest CPT in summer. In comparison with similar cirrus cloud measurements obtained in other tropical sites, our measurements reveal that cirrus clouds detected over TWP are the coldest and highest. The prevalence of the coldest cirrus cloud layer detected over Palau corresponds to the cold trap, a region of exceptionally cold air, in UTLS over the TWP region. In order to build the relationship between STE in the UTLS region and measurements, we conducted trajectory analysis by Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model simulations based on cirrus cloud layer measurements. Our observation results reveal that only in winter with high supersaturation at the measured cirrus clouds, the air masses are further dehydrated and slowly ascend into the stratosphere. Conclusively, we present an atmospheric transport scheme over the TWP region based on horizontal IHT and vertical STE processes and provide observational and model simulation support for it. In the lower heights, from the surface to the free troposphere, the transport and air mass origins are characterized by the meridian movement of the CE. In the UTLS region, measurements of cloud layers and trajectories validate the pathways of STE. During summer, pristine air from the Pacific Ocean reaches Palau, with oceanic short-lived species injected into the stratosphere through rare and the highest overshooting tops. Conversely, Southeast Asia dominates air mass origins over the TWP region in winter, transporting a high level of anthropogenic species, such as O3 and CO, into the stratosphere via the pathway within the cold trap. This winter-specific cold trap pathway, seasonally persisting over Palau, plays a crucial role in altering the stratospheric atmosphere through the transport of troposphere-originate air masses.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry by : Guy P. Brasseur
Download or read book Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry written by Guy P. Brasseur and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World by : Guy P. Brasseur
Download or read book Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World written by Guy P. Brasseur and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for Guy P. Brasseur's Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World American Meteorological Society "This volume summarizes and integrates more than a decade of atmospheric chemistry research. During the period under consideration, great progress has been made in computing, modeling, and observational techniques, and methods have also improved. Here, suggestions for the highest priority research for the next decade are made, and important information is related regarding impacts on the environment."
Book Synopsis Constraining Sources of Atmospheric Trace Constituents with Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Modeling by : Joshua Benmergui
Download or read book Constraining Sources of Atmospheric Trace Constituents with Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Modeling written by Joshua Benmergui and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manuscript based thesis examines and advances methods for constraining sources of atmospheric trace constituents with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model. The method of Bayesian inversion is demonstrated, and a new method is introduced to a class of similar problems where established methods are not applicable. First, A new regression based methodology was developed and applied to observations of atmospheric methanesulfonic acid mass concentrations at Alert, Nunavut. The methodology was used to compare the importance of phytoplankton blooms vs. the ice-free ocean as sources of the dimethylsulfide precursor, and to compare the importance of bromine monoxide vs. hydroxyl as agents oxidizing dimethylsul de to methanesulfonic acid. These issues are relevant to the application of methanesulfonic acid concentrations in ice cores to determine historic sea ice properties. The analysis indicated that source regions to Alert during the spring are primarily ice-free ocean with a significant contribution from ice edge blooms, and during the summer to be dominated by the ice-free ocean. The model also indicated that oxidation of DMS by BrO was the dominant source of MSA in the spring, while DMS oxidation by OH was the dominant source in the summer. Secondly, Bayesian inversion was applied to observations of atmospheric elemental carbon mass concentrations at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. The analysis provided evidence that current bottom-up elemental carbon emissions estimates in northern China are likely underpredicted. Global chemical transport models show ubiquitous underestimates of the atmospheric burden of elemental carbon, especially near large sources of emissions. Northern China is among the regions with the most intensive elemental carbon emissions in the world, and an underestimate of emissions in this region may be partially responsible for the global chemical transport model underestimates.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book MOPITT written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles by : Michael I. Mishchenko
Download or read book Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles written by Michael I. Mishchenko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-09-22 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is hardly a field of science or engineering that does not have some interest in light scattering by small particles. For example, this subject is important to climatology because the energy budget for the Earth's atmosphere is strongly affected by scattering of solar radiation by cloud and aerosol particles, and the whole discipline of remote sensing relies largely on analyzing the parameters of radiation scattered by aerosols, clouds, and precipitation. The scattering of light by spherical particles can be easily computed using the conventional Mie theory. However, most small solid particles encountered in natural and laboratory conditions have nonspherical shapes. Examples are soot and mineral aerosols, cirrus cloud particles, snow and frost crystals, ocean hydrosols, interplanetary and cometary dust grains, and microorganisms. It is now well known that scattering properties of nonspherical particles can differ dramatically from those of "equivalent" (e.g., equal-volume or equal-surface-area) spheres. Therefore, the ability to accurately compute or measure light scattering by nonspherical particles in order to clearly understand the effects of particle nonsphericity on light scattering is very important. The rapid improvement of computers and experimental techniques over the past 20 years and the development of efficient numerical approaches have resulted in major advances in this field which have not been systematically summarized. Because of the universal importance of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles, papers on different aspects of this subject are scattered over dozens of diverse research and engineering journals. Often experts in one discipline (e.g., biology) are unaware of potentially useful results obtained in another discipline (e.g., antennas and propagation). This leads to an inefficient use of the accumulated knowledge and unnecessary redundancy in research activities. This book offers the first systematic and unified discussion of light scattering by nonspherical particles and its practical applications and represents the state-of-the-art of this important research field. Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas and cover three major disciplines: theoretical and numerical techniques, laboratory measurements, and practical applications. An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of nonspherical scattering and should be especially useful to beginners and those interested in fast practical applications. The audience for this book will include graduate students, scientists, and engineers working on specific aspects of electromagnetic scattering by small particles and its applications in remote sensing, geophysics, astrophysics, biomedical optics, and optical engineering. The first systematic and comprehensive treatment of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles and its applications Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas Includes a survey of all the relevant literature scattered over dozens of basic and applied research journals Consistent use of unified definitions and notation makes the book a coherent volume An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of light scattering by nonspherical particles Theoretical chapters describe specific easy-to-use computer codes publicly available on the World Wide Web Extensively illustrated with over 200 figures, 4 in color
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Distribution of Ozone-depleting Substances in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere by : Felicia Kolonjari
Download or read book An Investigation of the Distribution of Ozone-depleting Substances in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere written by Felicia Kolonjari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stratospheric transport in global circulation models and chemistry-climate models is an important component in simulating the recovery of the ozone layer as well as changes in the climate system. The Brewer-Dobson Circulation is not well constrained by observations and further investigation is required to resolve uncertainties related to the mechanisms driving the circulation. This work has assessed the specified dynamics mode of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM30) by comparing its output to the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) profile measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22, and N2O. In the CMAM30 simulation, the meteorological fields were nudged using the ERA-Interim Reanalysis and a specified tracer was employed for each halocarbon species, with hemispherically-defined surface measurements used as the boundary condition. This modified halocarbon experiment is known as CMAM30HR. A comprehensive sampling technique along the line-of-sight of the ACE-FTS measurements has been utilized to allow for direct comparisons between the simulated and measured tracer concentrations. Stratospheric transport has been investigated using CFC-11, CFC-12, and N2O. The model consistently overpredicts the concentrations of these tracers in the lower stratosphere, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere winter and spring seasons. The three mixing barriers investigated, namely the polar vortex, the extratropical tropopause, and the tropical pipe, show that there are inconsistencies between the measurements and the simulations. It was found that the simulation under- predicts mixing efficiency in the tropical lower stratosphere during the June-July-August season. The CMAM30HR simulations and the ACE-FTS measurements of HCFC-22 have also been evaluated. ACE-FTS HCFC-22 observations exhibit a small low bias compared to instruments that use a similar measurement technique. However, when compared to in situ measurements, ACE-FTS exhibits a high bias. In general, CMAM30HR exhibits a low concentration bias below approximately 70−30 hPa and a high bias above 30 hPa compared to ACE-FTS. However, the HCFC-22 comparison reveals a peak in differences between approximately 100 hPa and 50 hPa that is not consistent with the previous comparisons of halocarbon concentrations; potential explanations of the discrepancy are discussed. The most recently available ACE-FTS data are also presented and discussed.
