Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
A Determination Of The Appropriateness Of Virginias Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Specification For Fluorescent Orange Construction And Maintenance Signs
Download A Determination Of The Appropriateness Of Virginias Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Specification For Fluorescent Orange Construction And Maintenance Signs full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online A Determination Of The Appropriateness Of Virginias Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Specification For Fluorescent Orange Construction And Maintenance Signs ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis A Determination of the Appropriateness of Virginia's Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Specification for Fluorescent Orange Construction and Maintenance Signs by : Stephen C. Brich
Download or read book A Determination of the Appropriateness of Virginia's Retroreflective Sign Sheeting Specification for Fluorescent Orange Construction and Maintenance Signs written by Stephen C. Brich and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To ensure the safe and efficient movement of traffic through a highway network during nighttime conditions, traffic signs are either illuminated or made retroreflective. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) requires that retroreflective sheeting used on construction and maintenance activity signs be a fluorescent prismatic lens type capable of being retroreflective at entrance angles as great as 50 deg with observation angles of 0.2 and 0.5 deg. Because the validity of the 50-deg entrance angle requirement was questioned, this research was conducted to determine if VDOT's specification is appropriate. Since this project was concerned with fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs, 232 work zones in Virginia for the 1999 construction season were identified and inventoried. From these sites, 1,865 signs were investigated. The information collected included position, offset, height, shape and dimensions, whether tilted forward or back, rotation and twist, and the number of approach lanes facing the sign. This information was compiled in a spreadsheet, and a vector-based model was developed to determine the entrance, observation, rotation, and orientation angles for each sign. The results indicated that VDOT's 50-deg entrance angle requirement is not appropriate for fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs. However, the results also indicated that more emphasis should be placed on observation angle requirements than on entrance angle requirements. Every motorist on the approach to a sign will have an observation angle of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and possibly 2.0 deg depending on the type of vehicle being driven. The study recommends that VDOT specify a 40-deg entrance angle and a 1.0-deg observation angle for prismatic fluorescent orange work zone signs. In addition, the study recommends that the specification include requirements for orientation and rotation angles.
Book Synopsis A determination of the appropriateness of Virginia's retroreflective sign sheeting specification for fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs by :
Download or read book A determination of the appropriateness of Virginia's retroreflective sign sheeting specification for fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems by : John L. Campbell
Download or read book Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems written by John L. Campbell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report completes and updates the first edition of NCHRP Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems (HFG), which was published previously in three collections. The HFG contains guidelines that provide human factors principles and findings for consideration by, and is a resource document for, highway designers, traffic engineers, and other safety practitioners."--Foreword.
Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Virginia State Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improved Work Zone Design Guidelines and Enhanced Model of Travel Delays in Work Zones by : Helmut T. Zwahlen
Download or read book Improved Work Zone Design Guidelines and Enhanced Model of Travel Delays in Work Zones written by Helmut T. Zwahlen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project focuses on two major issues - the improvement of current work zone design practices and an analysis of vehicle interarrival time (IAT) and speed distributions for the development of a digital computer simulation model for queues and travel delays in work zones. Important considerations in the development of work zone design guidelines include guidance, delineation, and the safety of workers and drivers. A nationwide survey of current work zone best practices was conducted. Based on the review of the existing ODOT guidelines, superior practices available in other states, relevant research, and professional judgment of personnel involved in work zone activities, a set of guidelines for work zone design are proposed. It is anticipated that these research findings will result in the better design of work zones which will minimize traffic delays and improve safety. In the second part of the project trailers, each using two Wavetronix microwave radar units in side-fire mode, were developed to nonintrusively measure traffic. The traffic was measured at six work zones sites with different types of lane configurations at different freeways in Ohio. Traffic on the road was also independently measured using video and radar, and the results compared to records from the trailers to verify that the trailers were measuring the traffic with reasonable accuracy. IAT data of successive vehicles in freeflowing traffic ahead of work zones were analyzed and IAT distributions were generated as a function of the traffic volume for each lane and relationships between traffic volumes and cumulative IAT distributions were established allowing a direct conversion from hourly traffic counts to corresponding cumulative IAT distributions. This conversion method produces fairly accurate cumulative IAT distributions for selected hourly traffic volumes. It was also found that the same cumulative IAT distribution can be used to model the free-flowing traffic at other freeway locations in Ohio, which means that the IAT distributions are portable and scalable and a microscopic digital computer simulation model based on queueing theory may be developed to investigate traffic delays in work zones.
Book Synopsis Larger Observation Angles for Retroreflective Sheeting Material Specifications and Measurements by : Paul J. Carlson
Download or read book Larger Observation Angles for Retroreflective Sheeting Material Specifications and Measurements written by Paul J. Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current U.S. practice for measuring retro-reflective sheeting materials for traffic signs primarily is based on a standard measurement geometry of 0.2 degrees and -4.0 degrees, referring to the observation and entrance angles of retro-reflectors, respectively (correct?). When combined, these two angles represent a specific geometry for testing retro-reflective sheeting materials. This geometry was chosen for various reasons, but it does not reflect realistic driving situations. This report details the work that was performed to reevaluate the specified geometry for measuring the performance of retro-reflective sheeting materials. The recommendations include a revised standard measurement geometry for retro-reflective sheeting materials, various changes to the appropriate specifications, a revised set of minimum in-service retroreflectivity levels at the revised standard measurement geometry, and considerations for how agencies can accommodate larger vehicles with respect to the proposed minimum retroreflectivity levels.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Design and Operation of Nighttime Traffic Control for Highway Maintenance and Construction by : James E. Bryden
Download or read book Guidelines for Design and Operation of Nighttime Traffic Control for Highway Maintenance and Construction written by James E. Bryden and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :560 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Roadside Design Guide by : American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety
Download or read book Roadside Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Retroreflective Sheeting Selection Technique for Nighttime Drivers' Needs by : Susan C. Paulus
Download or read book A Retroreflective Sheeting Selection Technique for Nighttime Drivers' Needs written by Susan C. Paulus and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the author developed a retroreflective sheeting selection technique for traffic signs. Previous research was used to determine the luminance needed by drivers (demand luminance). The author used roadways scenarios to determine the amount of luminance the retroreflective sheeting on a sign would produce (supply luminance). A spreadsheet was developed to determine the performance of different retroreflective sheeting types by comparing the demand and supply luminance for specific roadway scenarios. Using the results of previous studies, three demand luminance levels were created: replacement, adequate, and desirable. The replacement level represents the level of luminance when a sign needs to be replaced and is 2.5 cd/m2. The adequate level is the recommended amount of luminance when installing new traffic signs and is 10 cd/m2. The desirable level is the approximate level when additional luminance has diminishing returns and is 30 cd/m2. Supply luminance on a specific traffic sign was determined by evaluating roadway geometries, sign placement, retroreflective sheeting type and vehicle data. The author reviewed roadway geometries in Texas to estimate typical number of lanes, shoulder widths and horizontal curvature in the US. Sign placement from the MUTCD determined the typical lateral placements, sign heights, and sign twists. Vehicle data included vehicle dimensions and headlamp type. Both the supply and demand luminance were determined for a specific viewing distance for a given scenario. The viewing distance is the distance a driver needs to read or recognize a sign to respond properly. In addition, the type of sign, alphanumeric or symbol, determined how this distance was calculated. The author developed four sign groups to calculate the distance required to read and respond to a traffic sign, including 1) Stop required, 2) Reduction in speed required, 3) Read the message provided, and 4) Change of lane required. For symbol signs, the minimum required visibility distance (MRVD) was determined for the sign group and for text signs, the viewing distance at a legibility index (LI) of 30 ft/in was found. At these distances, the author calculated the supply luminance and then compared it to the demand luminance levels to determine the performance level. The author developed the Retroreflective Sheeting Selection Spreadsheet (RSSS) to allow others to use the methodology presented in this thesis. RSSS allows users to input the roadway data, vehicle data, and sign data. RSSS takes this information and looks up the supply luminance for the scenario. RSSS then compares the supply luminance to the demand luminance levels and outputs the retroreflective sheeting performance level for the scenario.
Book Synopsis Flagging Handbook by : United States. Federal Highway Administration
Download or read book Flagging Handbook written by United States. Federal Highway Administration and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Retroreflective Sheeting Materials on Highway Signs by : Donna Tranchida
Download or read book Retroreflective Sheeting Materials on Highway Signs written by Donna Tranchida and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a road research project, older drivers were asked to read street names as soon as they were able as they were approaching an intersection. The signs were always on the farsides of the intersection but could be either on the right or left side. Intersections of three levels of compplexity were used. A repeated measures design was used. The implications for driving safety were discussed in the context of visual information processing workload, divided attention and multitasking.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Retroreflective Sheetings for Use on Roadway Traffic Signs : Final Report by : Samir A. Ahmed
Download or read book Evaluation of Retroreflective Sheetings for Use on Roadway Traffic Signs : Final Report written by Samir A. Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Association of City Transportation Officials Publisher :Island Press ISBN 13 :1610915658 Total Pages :258 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (19 download)
Book Synopsis Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition by : National Association of City Transportation Officials
Download or read book Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition written by National Association of City Transportation Officials and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NACTO's Urban Bikeway Design Guide quickly emerged as the preeminent resource for designing safe, protected bikeways in cities across the United States. It has been completely re-designed with an even more accessible layout. The Guide offers updated graphic profiles for all of its bicycle facilities, a subsection on bicycle boulevard planning and design, and a survey of materials used for green color in bikeways. The Guide continues to build upon the fast-changing state of the practice at the local level. It responds to and accelerates innovative street design and practice around the nation.
Book Synopsis Traffic Incident Management Systems by : Federal Emergency Management Agency
Download or read book Traffic Incident Management Systems written by Federal Emergency Management Agency and published by FEMA. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With full color photographs and other illustrations.
Book Synopsis Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians by : L. K. Staplin
Download or read book Guidelines and Recommendations to Accommodate Older Drivers and Pedestrians written by L. K. Staplin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Traffic Flow and Safety in Work Zones, Signing and Marking Materials by :
Download or read book Traffic Flow and Safety in Work Zones, Signing and Marking Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
