3-D Ambient Noise Tomography of Llaima Volcano, Chile

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis 3-D Ambient Noise Tomography of Llaima Volcano, Chile by : Claudia Kristina Rossavik

Download or read book 3-D Ambient Noise Tomography of Llaima Volcano, Chile written by Claudia Kristina Rossavik and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Llaima is a glaciated, basaltic-andesitic stratocone in the South-Central Andean Volcanic Zone. It is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Chile. However, uncertainty remains regarding the depths and geometry of where magma is stored and the routes which it takes towards the Earth's surface. To provide a structural framework for the interpretation of petrological and geochemical data, I apply ambient noise tomography (ANT) to produce a 3-D shear wave velocity (vs) model of Llaima's magmatic plumbing. The results of this project show slow shear wave velocity anomalies within the upper 8 km of the crust which are interpreted as the locations of upper and lower magma reservoirs. Among the structures that are revealed by fast shear wave velocity anomalies is a geometry that is interpreted as a dike within a cluster of volcano tectonic (VT) activity. This VT cluster has been suggested to have followed the 2010 M8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake off the coast of Chile (Mora-Stock et al., 2014; Franco, 2019). I use information that has been derived from previous studies such as the coordinates of scoria cones along Llaima's flanks, gravitational anomalies, and local seismicity (which includes the depths and locations of volcano tectonic and long period seismicity) to place the resulting model within a framework that provides insight on the current state of this magmatic system."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.

Ambient Noise Tomography of the Katmai Volcanic Cluster

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (885 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Noise Tomography of the Katmai Volcanic Cluster by : Sarah A. M. Lemon

Download or read book Ambient Noise Tomography of the Katmai Volcanic Cluster written by Sarah A. M. Lemon and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mafic Explosive Volcanism at Llaima Volcano

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Mafic Explosive Volcanism at Llaima Volcano by : Pedro Antonio Valdivia-Munoz

Download or read book Mafic Explosive Volcanism at Llaima Volcano written by Pedro Antonio Valdivia-Munoz and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mafic eruptions, which are typically effusive to mildly explosive, can produce much stronger explosive eruptions. Eruption style is determined by the ability of gas to escape through the permeable network. If the permeability is sufficiently high to reduce vesicle overpressure during ascent, the volatiles may escape from the magma, inhibiting violent explosive activity. In contrast, if the permeability is sufficiently low to retain the gas phase within the magma during ascent, bubble overpressure may drive magma fragmentation. Rapid ascent rates may induce disequilibrium crystallization, increasing viscosity and explosivity, and have consequences for the geometry of the vesicle network. Quantitative vesicle texture analyses are commonly measured in 2D. However, 2D vesicle analyses do not provide sufficient information about the internal vesicle structures for permeability analysis. Here we use synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography of 10 pyroclasts from the 12.6 ka mafic Curacautín Ignimbrite (Llaima Volcano, Chile) to reconstruct and quantify pyroclast textures in three dimensions. Our goal is to obtain 3D measurements of porosity, bubble interconnectivity, bubble number density, and geometrical properties of the porous media to investigate the role of magma degassing processes at mafic explosive eruptions. We use an analytical technique to estimate permeability and tortuosity by combing empirical relationships and pyroclasts vesicle textures. We identified two populations of vesicles: (1) a convoluted connected vesicle network produced by extensive coalescence of smaller vesicles (> 99% of pore space), and (2) a population of very small and completely isolated vesicles (

Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Ambient Noise Tomography

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Ambient Noise Tomography by : Yao Wang

Download or read book Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Ambient Noise Tomography written by Yao Wang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: applied to experimental field data sets of ambient noise recordings acquired at multiple distinct sites. The inverted 2D/3D Vs models are found to be consistent with previous invasive and non-invasive geotechnical characterization efforts at these sites.

Ambient Noise Tomography of Okmok Caldera, Alaska

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Ambient Noise Tomography of Okmok Caldera, Alaska by : David James Miller

Download or read book Ambient Noise Tomography of Okmok Caldera, Alaska written by David James Miller and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Ambient Noise and Coda Wave Seismology at Hawaiian and Aleutian Arc Volcanoes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Ambient Noise and Coda Wave Seismology at Hawaiian and Aleutian Arc Volcanoes by : David James Miller

Download or read book Advances in Ambient Noise and Coda Wave Seismology at Hawaiian and Aleutian Arc Volcanoes written by David James Miller and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this thesis has been both to study volcanoes using ambient noise seismology and to push ambient noise methods somewhat further. In the first chapter, I use ambient noise tomography and Monte Carlo ensembles to model velocity uncertainty and radial velocity anisotropy at Okmok volcano, Alaska. I find that radial anisotropy is a strong indicator for regions of either sill storage or transport via dikes. In the second chapter, I review and apply an adjoint form of the radiative transfer equation to test its feasibility for seismic coda wave attenuation tomography. I find that synthetic model recovery is possible, but that a thorough consideration of data pre-processing is essential to ensure that attenuation, rather than site and source effects, are being modeled. In the third chapter, I use ambient noise tomography to recover a shear wave velocity model on the Big Island of Hawaii. In the process, I test the importance of topography for 2-D surface wave propagation on the island. The recovered shear wave velocity model correlates closely with Bouguer gravity anomalies. Large regions of high velocity underlying the Big Island volcanoes' summit and rift zones are interpreted to reflect the distribution of extensive mafic cumulates in the crust.

Surface Wave Tomography of Laguna Del Maule Volcanic Field Using Ambient Noise and Regional Earthquakes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Surface Wave Tomography of Laguna Del Maule Volcanic Field Using Ambient Noise and Regional Earthquakes by : Crystal E. Wespestad

Download or read book Surface Wave Tomography of Laguna Del Maule Volcanic Field Using Ambient Noise and Regional Earthquakes written by Crystal E. Wespestad and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advantages and Pitfalls of Pattern Recognition

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128118431
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Advantages and Pitfalls of Pattern Recognition by : Horst Langer

Download or read book Advantages and Pitfalls of Pattern Recognition written by Horst Langer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advantages and Pitfalls of Pattern Recognition presents various methods of pattern recognition and classification, useful to geophysicists, geochemists, geologists, geographers, data analysts, and educators and students of geosciences. Scientific and technological progress has dramatically improved the knowledge of our planet with huge amounts of digital data available in various fields of Earth Sciences, such as geology, geophysics, and geography. This has led to a new perspective of data analysis, requiring specific techniques that take several features into consideration rather than single parameters. Pattern recognition techniques offer a suitable key for processing and extracting useful information from the data of multivariate analysis. This book explores both supervised and unsupervised pattern recognition techniques, while providing insight into their application. - Offers real-world examples of techniques for pattern recognition and handling multivariate data - Includes examples, applications, and diagrams to enhance understanding - Provides an introduction and access to relevant software packages

An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118687450
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure by : Seth Stein

Download or read book An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure written by Seth Stein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structures is an introduction to seismology and its role in the earth sciences, and is written for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students. The fundamentals of seismic wave propagation are developed using a physical approach and then applied to show how refraction, reflection, and teleseismic techniques are used to study the structure and thus the composition and evolution of the earth. The book shows how seismic waves are used to study earthquakes and are integrated with other data to investigate the plate tectonic processes that cause earthquakes. Figures, examples, problems, and computer exercises teach students about seismology in a creative and intuitive manner. Necessary mathematical tools including vector and tensor analysis, matrix algebra, Fourier analysis, statistics of errors, signal processing, and data inversion are introduced with many relevant examples. The text also addresses the fundamentals of seismometry and applications of seismology to societal issues. Special attention is paid to help students visualize connections between different topics and view seismology as an integrated science. An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure gives an excellent overview for students of geophysics and tectonics, and provides a strong foundation for further studies in seismology. Multidisciplinary examples throughout the text - catering to students in varied disciplines (geology, mineralogy, petrology, physics, etc.). Most up to date book on the market - includes recent seismic events such as the 1999 Earthquakes in Turkey, Greece, and Taiwan). Chapter outlines - each chapter begins with an outline and a list of learning objectives to help students focus and study. Essential math review - an entire section reviews the essential math needed to understand seismology. This can be covered in class or left to students to review as needed. End of chapter problem sets - homework problems that cover the material presented in the chapter. Solutions to all odd numbered problem sets are listed in the back so that students can track their progress. Extensive References - classic references and more current references are listed at the end of each chapter. A set of instructor's resources containing downloadable versions of all the figures in the book, errata and answers to homework problems is available at: http://levee.wustl.edu/seismology/book/. Also available on this website are PowerPoint lecture slides corresponding to the first 5 chapters of the book.

Volcano-Tectonic Processes

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030659682
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcano-Tectonic Processes by : Valerio Acocella

Download or read book Volcano-Tectonic Processes written by Valerio Acocella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes have terrified and, at the same time, fascinated civilizations for thousands of years. Many aspects of volcanoes, most notably the eruptive processes and the compositional variations of magma, have been widely investigated for several decades and today constitute the core of any volcanology textbook. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, boosted by the availability of volcano monitoring data, there has been an increasing interest in the pre-eruptive processes related to the shallow accumulation and to the transfer of magma approaching the surface, as well as in the resulting structure of volcanoes. These are innovative and essential aspects of modern volcanology and, as driving volcanic unrest, their understanding also improves hazard assessment and eruption forecasting. So far, the significant progress made in unravelling these volcano-tectonic processes has not been supported by a comprehensive overview. This monograph aims at filling this gap, describing the pre-eruptive processes related to the structure, deformation and tectonics of volcanoes, at the local and regional scale, in any tectonic setting. The monograph is organized into three sections (“Fundamentals”, “Magma migration towards the surface” and “The regional perspective”), consisting of thirteen chapters that are lavishly illustrated. The reader is accompanied in a journey within the volcano factory, discovering the processes associated with the shallow accumulation of magma and its transfer towards the surface, how these control the structure of volcanoes and their activity and, ultimately, improve our ability to estimate hazard and forecast eruption. The potential readership includes any academic, researcher and upper undergraduate student interested in volcanology, magma intrusions, structural geology, tectonics, geodesy, as well as geology and geophysics in general.

The Eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 1999

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862390980
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 1999 by : Timothy H. Druitt

Download or read book The Eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 1999 written by Timothy H. Druitt and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2002 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Historical unrest at the large calderas of the world

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical unrest at the large calderas of the world by : Christopher G. Newhall

Download or read book Historical unrest at the large calderas of the world written by Christopher G. Newhall and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Tectonics of the Southern Central Andes

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642773532
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Tectonics of the Southern Central Andes by : Klaus-Joachim Reutter

Download or read book Tectonics of the Southern Central Andes written by Klaus-Joachim Reutter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: together with contributions by invited geoscientists The Central Andes, whose orogenic activity is so impressively documented by recent volcanism and and counterparts from other countries, during a workshop held in Berlin, 23-25 May 1990. A great earthquakes, have always attracted the attention of geoscientists. This interest became even more accen number of the papers presented at this workshop are tuated since, a quarter of a century ago, Plate included in this volume. While most of the chapters Tectonics became the basis for the New Global refer regionally to the segment of the southern Andes Tectonics concept, in which this huge mountain range mentioned above, others treat general aspects or deal was the most spectacular example of an active conti with Andean regions farther south, thus showing not only that the structures of this mountain range can be nental margin. Thus, in addition to the continuing research work by South American and foreign geo followed to more distant parts but also that there are scientists dedicated mostly to regional and economic significant structural variations along strike. problems, a great number of special research pro Like other books which originate from workshops grammes were initiated aiming at a better understand and are comprised of contributions from many ing of the processes acting at a convergent plate authors, also this one cannot give a complete and margin. well-balanced view of the scientific subject dealt In 1982, the earth science institutes of the Freie with, in this case the southern Central Andes.

Dynamic Magma Evolution

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119521130
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Magma Evolution by : Francesco Vetere

Download or read book Dynamic Magma Evolution written by Francesco Vetere and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the complex physico-chemical processes involved in active volcanism and dynamic magmatism Understanding the magmatic processes responsible for the chemical and textural signatures of volcanic products and igneous rocks is crucial for monitoring, forecasting, and mitigating the impacts of volcanic activity. Dynamic Magma Evolution is a compilation of recent geochemical, petrological, physical, and thermodynamic studies. It combines field research, experimental results, theoretical approaches, unconventional and novel techniques, and computational modeling to present the latest developments in the field. Volume highlights include: Crystallization and degassing processes in magmatic environments Bubble and mineral nucleation and growth induced by cooling and decompression Kinetic processes during magma ascent to the surface Magma mixing, mingling, and recharge dynamics Geo-speedometer measurement of volcanic events Changes in magma rheology induced by mineral and volatile content The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

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Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862393621
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes by : D.M. Pyle

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes written by D.M. Pyle and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on how advances in both remote sensing and modelling can be brought together to improve our understanding of the behaviour of active volcanoes. It includes review papers, papers reporting technical advances and case studies showing how the integration of remote-sensing observations with models can be put to good use.

Volcanic Seismology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642770088
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanic Seismology by : Paolo Gasparini

Download or read book Volcanic Seismology written by Paolo Gasparini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many centuries people living on volcanoes have known that the outset of seismic activity is often a forerunner of a volcanic eruption. This understand ing allowed people living close to the sites of the Mt. Nuovo 1538 eruption at Campi Flegrei, Italy, and of the Mt. Usu 1663 eruption, in Hokkaido, Japan (to quote only two examples) to flee before the eruptions started. During the second half of the 19th century seismographs were installed on some volcanoes, and the link between seismic and eruptive activity started to be assessed on a firmer scientific basis. The first systematic observations of the correlations existing between seismic activity and volcanic eruptions were probably those carried out at Mt. Vesuvius by Luigi Palmieri in 1856. Palmieri was the Director of Osservatorio Vesuviano and built an electromagnetic seismograph with the aim of "making visible the smallest ground motions by recording them on paper and indicating direction, intensity and duration". He was able to show the relationship between earthquakes and the different phases of volcanic activity. He identified the harmonic tremor which he indicated was a precursor of volcanic activity: "the characteristic feature of the ground mo tions preceding eruption is its continuity . . . (before the eruption of 1861) the electromagnetic seismograph began to show a continuous tremor". The Palmieri seismograph was also utilized in Japan until 1883, when it was replaced by the new Gray-Milne seismographs, and, later, by the Omori in struments.

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT).

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT). by :

Download or read book The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT). written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: