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Author : Leavy Winston Oliver
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Zoning Ordinances in Relation to Segregated Negro Housing in Birmingham, Alabama written by Leavy Winston Oliver and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles E. Connerly
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
ISBN 13 : 0813935385
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (139 download)
Download or read book The Most Segregated City in America" written by Charles E. Connerly and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Planetizen’s Top Ten Books of 2006 "But for Birmingham," Fred Shuttleworth recalled President John F. Kennedy saying in June 1963 when he invited black leaders to meet with him, "we would not be here today." Birmingham is well known for its civil rights history, particularly for the violent white-on-black bombings that occurred there in the 1960s, resulting in the city’s nickname "Bombingham." What is less well known about Birmingham’s racial history, however, is the extent to which early city planning decisions influenced and prompted the city’s civil rights protests. The first book-length work to analyze this connection, "The Most Segregated City in America": City Planning and Civil Rights in Birmingham, 1920–1980 uncovers the impact of Birmingham’s urban planning decisions on its black communities and reveals how these decisions led directly to the civil rights movement. Spanning over sixty years, Charles E. Connerly’s study begins in the 1920s, when Birmingham used urban planning as an excuse to implement racial zoning laws, pointedly sidestepping the 1917 U.S. Supreme Court Buchanan v. Warley decision that had struck down racial zoning. The result of this obstruction was the South’s longest-standing racial zoning law, which lasted from 1926 to 1951, when it was redeclared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. Despite the fact that African Americans constituted at least 38 percent of Birmingham’s residents, they faced drastic limitations to their freedom to choose where to live. When in the1940s they rebelled by attempting to purchase homes in off-limit areas, their efforts were labeled as a challenge to city planning, resulting in government and court interventions that became violent. More than fifty bombings ensued between 1947 and 1966, becoming nationally publicized only in 1963, when four black girls were killed in the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church. Connerly effectively uses Birmingham’s history as an example to argue the importance of recognizing the link that exists between city planning and civil rights. His demonstration of how Birmingham’s race-based planning legacy led to the confrontations that culminated in the city’s struggle for civil rights provides a fresh lens on the history and future of urban planning, and its relation to race.
Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Studies in Housing & Minority Groups written by and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1960 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Glenn T. Eskew
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807861324
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)
Download or read book But for Birmingham written by Glenn T. Eskew and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birmingham served as the stage for some of the most dramatic and important moments in the history of the civil rights struggle. In this vivid narrative account, Glenn Eskew traces the evolution of nonviolent protest in the city, focusing particularly on the sometimes problematic intersection of the local and national movements. Eskew describes the changing face of Birmingham's civil rights campaign, from the politics of accommodation practiced by the city's black bourgeoisie in the 1950s to local pastor Fred L. Shuttlesworth's groundbreaking use of nonviolent direct action to challenge segregation during the late 1950s and early 1960s. In 1963, the national movement, in the person of Martin Luther King Jr., turned to Birmingham. The national uproar that followed on Police Commissioner Bull Connor's use of dogs and fire hoses against the demonstrators provided the impetus behind passage of the watershed Civil Rights Act of 1964. Paradoxically, though, the larger victory won in the streets of Birmingham did little for many of the city's black citizens, argues Eskew. The cancellation of protest marches before any clear-cut gains had been made left Shuttlesworth feeling betrayed even as King claimed a personal victory. While African Americans were admitted to the leadership of the city, the way power was exercised--and for whom--remained fundamentally unchanged.
Author : Stephen Grant Meyer
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780847697014
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (97 download)
Download or read book As Long as They Don't Move Next Door written by Stephen Grant Meyer and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2001 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The first full-length national history of American race relations examined through the lens of housing discrimination."--Jacket.
Author : Wilson Fallin, Jr.
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135162928X
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)
Download or read book The African American Church in Birmingham, Alabama, 1815-1963 written by Wilson Fallin, Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, first published in 1997, attempts to fill a gap in the historiography of the African American church by analysing the role and place of the African American church in one city, Birmingham, Alabama. It traces the roles and functions of the church from the arrival of African Americans as slaves in the early 1800s to 1963, the year that the civil rights movement reached a peak in the city. This title will be of interest to students of nineteenth- and twentieth-century religious and social history.
Author : Christopher MacGregor Scribner
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 9780820323282
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (232 download)
Download or read book Renewing Birmingham written by Christopher MacGregor Scribner and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewing Birmingham is the first book-length study of how federal funding helped transform a twentieth-century southern city. Christopher MacGregor Scribner shows that such funding not only aided Birmingham's transition from an industrial to a service economy but also led to redrawn avenues of power, influence, and justice in the city. By the 1960s Alabama's largest city faced wrenching changes brought on by economic decline, suburbanization, and racial tension. Decades in the making, these problems pitted old-guard politicians, manufacturing elites, and working-class whites against an alternative vision, kindled by federal dollars, of Birmingham's future. Scribner uses the Birmingham experience to trace the evolution of federal grants from extensions of Depression-era fiscal policy to instruments of social change. As he discusses federal backing of projects ranging from low-income housing to the University of Alabama Medical College, Scribner also shows how control of the grant purse, which once belonged exclusively to politicians, came to be shared with bureaucrats and activists, local and federal participants, and blacks and whites. Most important in Birmingham's case, debates over spending drew in entrepreneurs in fields as diverse as biomedicine and education, real estate and construction. This complicated bargaining and coalition-building sparked a "quiet revolution" that had begun hollowing out the core of Birmingham's old order even as civil rights protests cemented the city's segregationist reputation. Scribner stresses that the social benefits of Birmingham's economic rebirth reflected not so much a change of heart for the city as an admission that segregation was simply bad for business. As a new Birmingham ascended--and became less distinguishable from other American cities--aspects of its racist, elitist past persisted. In learning the particulars of Birmingham we come closer to understanding how the South can be at odds with the rest of the country even as it participates in national trends.
Author : Various Authors
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351587471
Total Pages : 6282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)
Download or read book Routledge Library Editions: 19th Century Religion written by Various Authors and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-09 with total page 6282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reissuing works originally published between 1973 and 1997, Routledge Library Editions: 19th Century Religion (18 volumes) offers a selection of scholarship covering historical developments in religious thinking. Topics include the origin of Catholicism in America, sexual liberation and religion in Europe, and the emergence of Atheism in Victorian England. This set also includes collections of sermons and essays from some of the most influential preachers of the nineteenth century.
Author : Jessica Trounstine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108634125
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Segregation by Design written by Jessica Trounstine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Segregation by Design draws on more than 100 years of quantitative and qualitative data from thousands of American cities to explore how local governments generate race and class segregation. Starting in the early twentieth century, cities have used their power of land use control to determine the location and availability of housing, amenities (such as parks), and negative land uses (such as garbage dumps). The result has been segregation - first within cities and more recently between them. Documenting changing patterns of segregation and their political mechanisms, Trounstine argues that city governments have pursued these policies to enhance the wealth and resources of white property owners at the expense of people of color and the poor. Contrary to leading theories of urban politics, local democracy has not functioned to represent all residents. The result is unequal access to fundamental local services - from schools, to safe neighborhoods, to clean water.
Author : Jane L. Bownas
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1782846751
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)
Download or read book Slavery, Freedom and Conflict written by Jane L. Bownas and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Story of Two Birminghams examines the roles played by two cities and the areas in which they are situated in the long history of people of African origin and their ancestors who were taken into slavery, experienced a phoney freedom and subsequently experienced racism, segregation and violence. From the eighteenth century the industrial city of Birmingham in England was involved in the manufacture of guns used in the African slave trade and then later, in the production and export of the steam engines used on the sugar plantations in the West Indies. In northern Alabama, on land where another industrial city of the same name would later develop, African slaves worked on cotton plantations owned by planters who would later make their fortunes by selling the mineral rich land. Abolitionists in Birmingham UK, and in the Southern States fought against much opposition to achieve freedom for the slaves. But this was often a phoney freedom: for example, under an apprenticeship system in Jamaica people endured conditions often worse than under slavery, and in Alabama they endured hard labour in the development of the new industrial city and under the Convict Lease system. Slavery, Freedom and Conflict follows the life path of descendants of slaves into the twentieth century, the difficulties experienced by West Indian immigrants in Birmingham UK, the segregation laws imposed in Birmingham, Alabama and the US Civil Rights movement which followed. Later in the century, riots occurring in Handsworth (Birmingham UK), the election of a far-right, racist politician in nearby Smethwick and the infamous speech of Enoch Powell indicated that, as in Birmingham, Alabama many black people were still suffering from the iniquities of the slave trade inflicted upon their ancestors more than two hundred years previously. This book is essential reading for all those with an interest in the history of slavery, and in the local history of the West Midlands of England and the Northern counties of Alabama.
Author : United States. National Commission on Urban Problems
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Hearings written by United States. National Commission on Urban Problems and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert C. Ellickson
Publisher : Aspen Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1543820786
Total Pages : 922 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (438 download)
Download or read book Land Use Controls written by Robert C. Ellickson and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land Use Controls: Cases and Materials emphasizes an interdisciplinary approach that weaves historical, social, and economic causes and effects of legal doctrine. The casebook also brings out the functional relationships between formally unrelated routes of law—statutes, ordinances, constitutional doctrines, and common law—by focusing on their practical deployment, developers, neighbors, planners, politicians, and their empirical effects on outcomes like neighborhood quality, housing supply, racial segregation, and tax burdens. A thematic framework illuminates the connections among multiple topics under land law and gives attention to the factual and political context of the cases and aftermath of decisions. Dynamic pedagogy features original introductory text, cases, notes, excerpts from law review articles, and visual aids (maps, charts, graphs) throughout. New to the Fifth Edition: A focus on affordability and the new conflicts over urban zoning A fully updated treatment of local administrative law Recent constitutional rulings, including up-to-date Supreme Court decisions on exactions and regulatory takings Thoroughly updated notes, with recent cases, law review literature, and empirical studies Professors and students will benefit from: Distinguished authorship by respected scholars and professors with a range of expertise An interdisciplinary approach combining historical, social, political, and economic perspectives and offering dynamic opportunities for analysis along with broad legal coverage Concise but comprehensive treatment of the legal issues in private and public regulation of land development, including environmental justice, building codes and subdivision regulations, and the federal role in urban development A thematic framework illuminating connections among multiple discrete topics under land law and the factual and political context of cases and aftermath of decisions Excellent coverage and dynamic pedagogy
Author : Bobby M. Wilson
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 082035628X
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)
Download or read book America's Johannesburg written by Bobby M. Wilson and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In some ways, no American city symbolizes the black struggle for civil rights more than Birmingham, Alabama. During the 1950s and 1960s, Birmingham gained national and international attention as a center of activity and unrest during the civil rights movement. Racially motivated bombings of the houses of black families who moved into new neighborhoods or who were politically active during this era were so prevalent that Birmingham earned the nickname “Bombingham.” In this critical analysis of why Birmingham became such a national flashpoint, Bobby M. Wilson argues that Alabama’s path to industrialism differed significantly from that of states in the North and Midwest. True to its antebellum roots, no other industrial city in the United States depended as much on the exploitation of black labor so early in its urban development as Birmingham. A persuasive exploration of the links between Alabama’s slaveholding order and the subsequent industrialization of the state, America’s Johannesburg demonstrates that arguments based on classical economics fail to take into account the ways in which racial issues influenced the rise of industrial capitalism.
Author : Mary Corbin Sies
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801851643
Total Pages : 1226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Planning the Twentieth-century American City written by Mary Corbin Sies and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing that planning in practice is far more complicated than historians usually depict, the authors examine closely the everyday social, political, economic, ideological, bureaucratic, and environmental contexts in which planning has occurred. In so doing, they redefine the nature of planning practice, expanding the range of actors and actions that we understand to have shaped urban development.
Author : Vincent J. Reina
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 081229744X
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Perspectives on Fair Housing written by Vincent J. Reina and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, known as the Fair Housing Act, prohibited discrimination in the sale, rent, and financing of housing based on race, religion, and national origin. However, manifold historical and contemporary forces, driven by both governmental and private actors, have segregated these protected classes by denying them access to homeownership or housing options in high-performing neighborhoods. Perspectives on Fair Housing argues that meaningful government intervention continues to be required in order to achieve a housing market in which a person's background does not arbitrarily restrict access. The essays in this volume address how residential segregation did not emerge naturally from minority preference but rather how it was forced through legal, economic, social, and even violent measures. Contributors examine racial land use and zoning practices in the early 1900s in cities like Atlanta, Richmond, and Baltimore; the exclusionary effects of single-family zoning and its entanglement with racially motivated barriers to obtaining credit; and the continuing impact of mid-century "redlining" policies and practices on public and private investment levels in neighborhoods across American cities today. Perspectives on Fair Housing demonstrates that discrimination in the housing market results in unequal minority households that, in aggregate, diminish economic prosperity across the country. Amended several times to expand the protected classes to include gender, families with children, and people with disabilities, the FHA's power relies entirely on its consistent enforcement and on programs that further its goals. Perspectives on Fair Housing provides historical, sociological, economic, and legal perspectives on the critical and continuing problem of housing discrimination and offers a review of the tools that, if appropriately supported, can promote racial and economic equity in America. Contributors: Francesca Russello Ammon, Raphael Bostic, Devin Michelle Bunten, Camille Zubrinsky Charles, Nestor M. Davidson, Amy Hillier, Marc H. Morial, Eduardo M. Peñalver, Wendell E. Pritchett, Rand Quinn, Vincent J. Reina, Akira Drake Rodriguez, Justin P. Steil, Susan M. Wachter.
Author : United States. Congress
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1514 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Neil L. Shumsky
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135603057
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book The Physical City written by Neil L. Shumsky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1996. Part of a series that brings together more than 200 scholarly articles pertaining to the history and development of urban life in the United States during the past two centuries. The physical development of cities and their infrastructure is considered in Volume 2, which focuses on city planning and its origins in the Rural Cemetery Movement, the City Beautiful Movement, and the role of business in advocating more rational and efficient urban places. Volume 2 also contains articles about essential aspects of the urban infra structure and the provision of basic services essential for urban survival—water, sewer, and transportation systems.
