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Author : Omar O. Chisari
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Winners and Losers from Utility Privatization in Argentina written by Omar O. Chisari and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Omar Chisari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Winners and Losers from Utility Privatization in Argentina written by Omar Chisari and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic rates of return for utility privatization projects in Argentina are very high, whether or not distributional weights are considered. But there is a very high shadow price for regulatory activity, which tends to be ignored in most privatization exercises. And how serious a government is about the fair distribution of gains from reform is reflected in how serious it is about regulation. Chisari, Estache, and Romero assess the macroeconomic and distributional effects of the privatization that Argentina began in 1989 in gas, electricity, telecommunications, and water and sanitation. Using a computable general equilibrium model, they track the effects of the changes observed between 1993, the first year by which all the major privatizations had taken place, and 1995, the most recent year for which data are available. In an innovative use of the model, they also assess the importance of the regulator in determining the distribution of gains and losses from utility privatization among sectors and income groups. They conclude that when regulators are effective, the annual gains from the private operation of utilities are about $3.3 billion, or 1.25 percent of GDP, and that all income classes benefit. Ineffective regulation cuts the gains from the reform by $1 billion or 0.35 percent of GDP. This cut in gains represents an implicit tax of 16 percent on the average consumer, paid directly to the owner of the utility rather than to the government. For the poorest income classes, this implicit tax is about 20 percent, meaning that good regulation is in the interest of the poor. The authors also show that the privatization of utilities cannot be blamed for the significant increase in unemployment observed in Argentina since 1993. Effective regulation can lead to a decline in unemployment, and ineffective regulation leads to only a small increase in unemployment. But the gains from utility privatization were not sufficient to offset the negative efficiency and distributional impact on the economy of the Tequila effect, which increased unemployment dramatically by limiting access to credit for users and producers alike. This paper-a product of the Regulatory Reform and Private Enterprise Division, Economic Development Institute-is part of a larger effort in the institute to understand the importance of effective infrastructure regulation. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project "Efficiency and Equity Implications of Argentina's Privatization of Infrastructure Services" (RPO 680-85).
Author : Philippe Marin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821379578
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (795 download)
Download or read book Public Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities written by Philippe Marin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-09-22 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities: A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries' analyzes the market growth of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the developing world since 1990, and the performance of more than 65 large water PPP projects representing more than 100 million people for access, service quality, operational efficiency, and tariff levels. Although a relatively small portion of the water utilities in the developing world are operated under PPPs (about 7 percent in 2007), the urban population served by private water operators has grown every year since 1990. Despite many difficulties encountered by PPP projects and a few contract terminations, a large majority of contracts awarded since 1990 are still in place. The track record for improving service and efficiency reaffirms the value of PPPs to help turn around poorly performing water utilities, even though the level of private financing did not match initial expectations. Over time, a more realistic market has developed, the number of private investors from developing countries has grown, and contract designs have become more pragmatic concerning risk allocations between partners. The water sector has many features that set it apart from other infrastructure sectors. This book suggests the need for careful consideration of those specificities to successfully involve private operators. Although concessions with private financing have worked in a few places, contractual arrangements that combine private operation with public financing appear to be the most sustainable option in many countries. Policy makers, stakeholders, and donors need to remain heavily engaged in the water sector, especially in the poorest countries and during a global financial crisis. This book contributes to a better understanding of the various options to tackle the many challenges of providing water and sanitation services to urban populations in the developing world.
Author : Clive Harris
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821355121
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (551 download)
Download or read book Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries written by Clive Harris and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments have long recognized the vital role that modern infrastructure services play in economic growth and poverty alleviation. For much of the post-Second World War period, most governments entrusted delivery of these services to state-owned monopolies. But in many developing countries, the results were disappointing. Public sector monopolies were plagued by inefficiency. Many were strapped for resources because governments succumbed to populist pressures to hold prices below costs. Fiscal pressures, and the success of the pioneers of the privatization of infrastructure services, provided governments with a new paradigm. Many governments sought to involve the private sector in the provision and financing of infrastructure services. The shift to the private provision that occurred during the 1990s was much more rapid and widespread than had been anticipated at the start of the decade. By 2001, developing countries had seen over $755 billion of investment flows in nearly 2500 infrastructure projects. However, these flows peaked in 1997, and have fallen more or less steadily ever since. These declines have been accompanied by high profile cancellations or renegotiations of some projects, a reduction in investor appetite for these activities and, in some parts of the world, a shift in public opinion against the private provision of infrastructure services. The current sense of disillusionment stands in stark contrast to what should in retrospect be surprise at the spectacular growth of private infrastructure during the 1990s.
Author : Fernando Reyes Manibog
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821356937
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (569 download)
Download or read book Power for Development written by Fernando Reyes Manibog and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication evaluates the performance of the World Bank Group (WBG) during the 1990s in promoting private sector development in the electric power sector in 80 countries. Main findings include that where countries showed a commitment to advancing reforms in promoting private sector development and where programmes were properly implemented, the expected benefits were delivered. However, quality of outcomes depended on the objectives pursued and on types of assistance provided, with most countries remaining in the early stages of reform.
Author : Luigi Manzetti
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780198294665
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (946 download)
Download or read book Privatization South American Style written by Luigi Manzetti and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It also examines the apparently 'unconventional' methods at times used by the governments of Argentina, Brazil, and Peru to achieve privatization."--Jacket.
Author : Tooraj Jamasb
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Core Indicators for Determinants and Performance of the Electricity Sector in Developing Countries written by Tooraj Jamasb and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Since the early 1990s, substantial resources and efforts have been spent on implementing market-oriented electricity reforms in developing countries. While there are important sectoral, economic, and social dimensions involved in electricity reform, empirical analysis and evaluation of reforms have been of limited use for testing the economic rationale of reforms and policy advice. This may partly be attributed to a lack of generally accepted and measured indicators for monitoring the progress, impacts, and performance of reforms. In this paper the authors propose a set of indicators as a first step toward filling this gap and developing a coherent framework for studying electricity reform in developing countries that covers resource and institutional endowments, key reform steps, market structure, performance, and various impacts."--World Bank web site.
Author : E. Bour
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1403943850
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Latin American Economic Crises written by E. Bour and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-12-09 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines issues of economic interest faced by Latin America economies in the late Twentieth-century. The fifteen chapters deal with macroeconomic problems, financial crises, the development of trade and trade agreements and labour issues. Of particular interest are the chapters dealing with Argentina, which provide an absorbing background to the financial crisis faced today.
Author : Antonio Estache
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Utility Privatization and the Needs of the Poor in Latin America written by Antonio Estache and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do Latin America's poor households lose from the privatization of infrastructure? How can policymakers minimize the risk of losses while promoting competition and private financing of infrastructure?
Author : Katharina Gassner
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821377175
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Does Private Sector Participation Improve Performance in Electricity and Water Distribution? written by Katharina Gassner and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the question of private versus public performance in a natural monopoly setting. It analyzes data from 301 utilities with private sector participation (PSP) and 926 utilities without PSP in 71 developing and transition economies to evaluate the impact of PSP on firm performance in electricity distribution and water and sanitation services. Private participation is shown to be associated with an increase in connections, labor productivity, and bill collection rates, and a decrease in employment and electricity distributional losses.
Author : Werner Baer
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849809976
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)
Download or read book The Economies of Argentina and Brazil written by Werner Baer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares the successes and failures of the development and growth processes of Argentina and Brazil. It provides important insights into the different performances of these economies through a series of comparative essays written by Argentinian and Brazilian economists. In the last 60 years Argentina and Brazil have both undergone a dramatic process of urbanization and industrialization. While there are similarities between the two, each country has dealt with the side effects in a different manner. In this insightful book, Argentinean and Brazilian economists expertly analyze their country's experiences with processes of industrialization, the performance of the agricultural and service sectors, the impact of foreign investments, the distribution of income, the roles of the state and the privatization experience, and inflationary and stabilization experiences. The contrast of the two emerging countries addressing these challenges will offer students, economists and other social scientists significant new insights into the economic development process. Many of the articles will also appeal to individuals in multinational corporations and banks that have to deal with emerging market economies.
Author : Alberto Chong
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821383507
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Privatization in Latin America written by Alberto Chong and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-03-15 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Privatization is under attack. Beginning in the 1980s, thousands of failing state-owned enterprises worldwide have been turned over to the private sector. But public opinion has turned against privatization. A large political backlash has been brewing for some time, infused by accusations of corruption, abuse of market power, and neglect of the poor. What is the real record of privatization and are the criticisms justified? 'Privatization in Latin America' evaluates the empirical evidence on privatization in a region that has witnessed an extensive decline in the state's share of production over the past 20 years. The book is a compilation of recent studies that provide a comprehensive analysis of the record of and accusations against privatization, with important recommendations for the future. Seven countries are investigated: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. This book will be vital to anyone interested in the privatization debate but especially to those involved in civil service reform, corporate governance, economic policy, finance, and anticorruption efforts. 'Privatization is important but controversial. While economists typically favor it, others are skeptical. This book provides strong scientific evidence that privatization has been beneficial for many Latin American countries, although some privatizations failed and some groups in society lost out. As usual, the devil is in the details: how privatization is carried out and what reforms accompany it are crucial to its success. The book is definitely an invaluable contribution to the privatization debate.' --Oliver Hart, Andrew E. Furer Professor of Economics, Harvard University
Author : Sunita Kikeri
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Privatization in Competitive Sectors written by Sunita Kikeri and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Private Ownership and Corporate Performance written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assumption behind privatisation in eastern Europe and elsewhere is that private ownership improves corporate performance. We focus on comparing the performance of state firms with either private or privatised firms operating under reasonably similar conditions in three countries of eastern Europe. We supplement this comparison by an examination of the relative performance of privatised and state firms in the period before the former were privatised. Our empirical results confirm the hypothesis that the effect of ownership change is particularly pronounced on the revenue side of corporate performance. In general, we find that firms with outsider owners significantly outperform the firms with insider owners on most performance measures, and that the employees are particularly ineffective owners (indeed less effective than the state). Subscribe to publications email alerts.
Author : Felipe Barrera-Osorio
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 1597820601
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (978 download)
Download or read book Privatization for the Public Good? written by Felipe Barrera-Osorio and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed microeconomic analysis of the impact of various privatizations in different countries in the region. Its central message is that in many cases, contrary to popular belief, society as a whole and in particular the poor have benefited from privatization. The book presents a careful analysis of the various mechanisms through which privatization has an impact on welfare, an analysis that by and large has been missing from the debate. Case studies of water sector privatization in Argentina and Colombia, and also the telecom industry in Peru are included.
Author : Luigi Manzetti
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271062851
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Neoliberalism, Accountability, and Reform Failures in Emerging Markets written by Luigi Manzetti and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-04-02 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agenda of neoliberal market reform known as the Washington Consensus, which was meant to turn around the economies of developing and postcommunist countries and provide the bedrock of economic success on which stable democracies could be built, has largely proved to be a failure, with Russia and many Latin American countries like Argentina left in severe economic crisis by the end of the 1990s. Some proponents of neoliberal reform, such as Anne Krueger, have attributed this failure to the piecemeal and incomplete implementation of reform measures, while others, including Nobel Prize economist and former World Bank vice president Joseph Stiglitz, have pointed to technical flaws in the policies. While both of these assessments focus narrowly on economic factors, Luigi Manzetti highlights the crucial importance of political institutions and processes to a fully adequate explanation. His argument is that the ideology of neoliberal reform, rooted in the theories of Friedrich von Hayek and Milton Friedman, assumed political checks and balances that did not exist in many of these countries undergoing market reform, and that only by taking political accountability as an influential variable in the equation for success can we really understand what happened. Where accountability was weak, patterns of corruption, collusion, and patronage worked to undermine the intended aims of market reform. Manzetti uses both large N statistical analyses and small N case studies (of Argentina, Chile, and Russia) to provide empirical evidence for his argument.
Author : Julian A. Lampietti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821366343
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book People and Power written by Julian A. Lampietti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. The book suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions.
