What Makes Us Moral

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What Makes Us Moral? On the capacities and conditions for being moral

Author : Bert Musschenga
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400763433
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis What Makes Us Moral? On the capacities and conditions for being moral by : Bert Musschenga

Download or read book What Makes Us Moral? On the capacities and conditions for being moral written by Bert Musschenga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the question of what it means to be moral and which capacities one needs to be moral. It questions whether empathy is a cognitive or an affective capacity, or perhaps both. As most moral beings behave immorally from time to time, the authors ask which factors cause or motivate people to translate their moral beliefs into action? Specially addressed is the question of what is the role of internal factors such as willpower, commitment, character, and what is the role of external, situational and structural factors? The questions are considered from various (disciplinary) perspectives.

What Makes Us Moral?

Author : Neil Levy
Publisher : Oneworld
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis What Makes Us Moral? by : Neil Levy

Download or read book What Makes Us Moral? written by Neil Levy and published by Oneworld. This book was released on 2004-07-27 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people fear that science, in the form of genetics and evolutionaryiology, will show that everything we hold most dear is illusory or shameful.orality will prove to be disguised selfishness; our choices will be shown toe driven by instincts; our reasoning will prove to be constrained by ouriology. This book argues that these fears are groundless. Our morality, likeur emotions and our abilities, is indeed the product of evolution, but thisoes not make it illusory. Nor should we conclude, as so many psychologistsnd biologists have done, that our morality is reducible to our biologicalnstincts. Instead, properly understood, the evidence from the sciencesupports the view that the moral capacities we have are capable ofeassessing the very processes which gave birth to them, condemning theiological selfishness in which they had their origin. Human nature is aumane nature, at least in all the ways that matter, and understanding ourrigins ought to make us marvel at it all the more.

What Makes Us Moral?

Author : Craig Hovey
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1620327074
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis What Makes Us Moral? by : Craig Hovey

Download or read book What Makes Us Moral? written by Craig Hovey and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is science all we need to make us moral?In his recent book, The Moral Landscape, Sam Harris presents his vision of a world in which reason and science alone determine our values. Here, a leading Christian ethicist subjects this vision to a rigorous critique, providing general readers with a clear, concise, and compelling exposŽ of the most serious flaws in Harris's arguments.

Braintrust

Author : Patricia S. Churchland
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691180970
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Braintrust by : Patricia S. Churchland

Download or read book Braintrust written by Patricia S. Churchland and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is morality? Where does it come from? And why do most of us heed its call most of the time? In Braintrust, neurophilosophy pioneer Patricia Churchland argues that morality originates in the biology of the brain. She describes the "neurobiological platform of bonding" that, modified by evolutionary pressures and cultural values, has led to human styles of moral behavior. The result is a provocative genealogy of morals that asks us to reevaluate the priority given to religion, absolute rules, and pure reason in accounting for the basis of morality. Moral values, Churchland argues, are rooted in a behavior common to all mammals--the caring for offspring. The evolved structure, processes, and chemistry of the brain incline humans to strive not only for self-preservation but for the well-being of allied selves--first offspring, then mates, kin, and so on, in wider and wider "caring" circles. Separation and exclusion cause pain, and the company of loved ones causes pleasure; responding to feelings of social pain and pleasure, brains adjust their circuitry to local customs. In this way, caring is apportioned, conscience molded, and moral intuitions instilled. A key part of the story is oxytocin, an ancient body-and-brain molecule that, by decreasing the stress response, allows humans to develop the trust in one another necessary for the development of close-knit ties, social institutions, and morality. A major new account of what really makes us moral, Braintrust challenges us to reconsider the origins of some of our most cherished values.

Moral Tribes

Author : Joshua Greene
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143126059
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Tribes by : Joshua Greene

Download or read book Moral Tribes written by Joshua Greene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Surprising and remarkable…Toggling between big ideas, technical details, and his personal intellectual journey, Greene writes a thesis suitable to both airplane reading and PhD seminars.”—The Boston Globe Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them). But modern times have forced the world’s tribes into a shared space, resulting in epic clashes of values along with unprecedented opportunities. As the world shrinks, the moral lines that divide us become more salient and more puzzling. We fight over everything from tax codes to gay marriage to global warming, and we wonder where, if at all, we can find our common ground. A grand synthesis of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, Moral Tribes reveals the underlying causes of modern conflict and lights the way forward. Greene compares the human brain to a dual-mode camera, with point-and-shoot automatic settings (“portrait,” “landscape”) as well as a manual mode. Our point-and-shoot settings are our emotions—efficient, automated programs honed by evolution, culture, and personal experience. The brain’s manual mode is its capacity for deliberate reasoning, which makes our thinking flexible. Point-and-shoot emotions make us social animals, turning Me into Us. But they also make us tribal animals, turning Us against Them. Our tribal emotions make us fight—sometimes with bombs, sometimes with words—often with life-and-death stakes. A major achievement from a rising star in a new scientific field, Moral Tribes will refashion your deepest beliefs about how moral thinking works and how it can work better.

The Moral Landscape

Author : Sam Harris
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 143917122X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Landscape by : Sam Harris

Download or read book The Moral Landscape written by Sam Harris and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-09-13 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sam Harris dismantles the most common justification for religious faith--that a moral system cannot be based on science.

Animal Rights and Wrongs

Author : Roger Scruton
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 9780826494047
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Rights and Wrongs by : Roger Scruton

Download or read book Animal Rights and Wrongs written by Roger Scruton and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2006-10-31 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this acclaimed book, Scruton takes the issues relating to vivisection, hunting, animal testing and BSE and places them in a wider framework of thought and feeling. Now available in paperback

Moral Minds

Author : Marc D. Hauser
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0061864781
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (618 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Minds by : Marc D. Hauser

Download or read book Moral Minds written by Marc D. Hauser and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Harvard scientist illuminates the biological basis for human morality in this groundbreaking book. With the diversity of moral attitudes found across cultures around the globe, it is easy to assume that moral perspectives are socially developed—a matter of nurture rather than nature. But in Moral Minds, Marc Hauser presents compelling evidence to the contrary, and offers a revolutionary new theory: that humans have evolved a universal moral instinct. Hauser argues that certain biologically innate moral principles propel us toward judgments of right and wrong independent of gender, education, and religion. Combining his cutting-edge research with the latest findings in cognitive psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, evolutionary biology, economics, and anthropology, Hauser explores the startling implications of his provocative theory vis-à-vis contemporary bioethics, religion, the law, and our everyday lives.

Do Morals Matter?

Author : Joseph S. Nye
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190935960
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Do Morals Matter? by : Joseph S. Nye

Download or read book Do Morals Matter? written by Joseph S. Nye and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of ethics in American foreign policy? The Trump Administration has elevated this from a theoretical question to front-page news. Should ethics even play a role, or should we only focus on defending our material interests? In Do Morals Matter? Joseph S. Nye provides a concise yet penetrating analysis of how modern American presidents have-and have not-incorporated ethics into their foreign policy. Nye examines each presidency during theAmerican era post-1945 and scores them on the success they achieved in implementing an ethical foreign policy. Alongside this, he evaluates their leadership qualities, explaining which approaches work and which ones do not.

Can Animals Be Moral?

Author : Mark Rowlands
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199986711
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Can Animals Be Moral? by : Mark Rowlands

Download or read book Can Animals Be Moral? written by Mark Rowlands and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From eye-witness accounts of elephants apparently mourning the death of family members to an experiment that showed that hungry rhesus monkeys would not take food if doing so gave another monkey an electric shock, there is much evidence of animals displaying what seem to be moral feelings. But despite such suggestive evidence, philosophers steadfastly deny that animals can act morally, and for reasons that virtually everyone has found convincing. In Can Animals be Moral?, philosopher Mark Rowlands examines the reasoning of philosophers and scientists on this question--ranging from Aristotle and Kant to Hume and Darwin--and reveals that their arguments fall far short of compelling. The basic argument against moral behavior in animals is that humans have capabilities that animals lack. We can reflect on our motivations, formulate abstract principles that allow that allow us to judge right from wrong. For an actor to be moral, he or she must be able scrutinize their motivations and actions. No animal can do these things--no animal is moral. Rowland naturally agrees that humans possess a moral consciousness that no animal can rival, but he argues that it is not necessary for an individual to have the ability to reflect on his or her motives to be moral. Animals can't do all that we can do, but they can act on the basis of some moral reasons--basic moral reasons involving concern for others. And when they do this, they are doing just what we do when we act on the basis of these reasons: They are acting morally.

The Moral Molecule

Author : Paul J. Zak
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0593067495
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Molecule by : Paul J. Zak

Download or read book The Moral Molecule written by Paul J. Zak and published by Random House. This book was released on 2012 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are men less faithful than women? Why are some people altruists and others cold-hearted bastards? Why do some businesses succeed while others collapse? In his entertaining and groundbreaking book, Paul Zak uses neuroscience and the fundamentals of economics to answer essential questions about human nature and explore exactly what goodness is.

Happiness and the Christian Moral Life

Author : Paul J. Wadell
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442255188
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Happiness and the Christian Moral Life by : Paul J. Wadell

Download or read book Happiness and the Christian Moral Life written by Paul J. Wadell and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Happiness and the Christian Moral Life introduces students to Christian ethics through the lens of happiness. The book suggests that the heart of ethics is not rules and obligations but our deep desire for happiness and fulfillment. We achieve that happiness when we become people who love the good and seek it in everything we do. The third edition of this reader-friendly text has been revised and updated throughout. It introduces Christian ethics with sensitivity towards readers who may not be Christian themselves. After an overview of basic concepts and key thinkers such as Augustine and Thomas Aquinas, subsequent chapters explore the importance of narrative in Christian ethics, the place of friendship and community in Christian moral life, the role of virtues in our quest for fulfillment, a Christian understanding of the person, a Christian theology of freedom, and false steps on the path to happiness. Final chapters discuss the role of conscience and prudence, love, and justice. The third edition has been re-structured to better meet teaching needs by moving the discussion of narrative earlier in the book. This edition features fresh, global examples; revised introductions to key thinkers; discussions of tough, contemporary topics such as hook-up culture; careful consideration of the words of Pope Francis on themes ranging from consumerism and freedom to love and the environment; and more.

Evolving God

Author : Barbara J. King
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022636092X
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolving God by : Barbara J. King

Download or read book Evolving God written by Barbara J. King and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religion has been a central part of human experience since at least the dawn of recorded history. The gods change, as do the rituals, but the underlying desire remains—a desire to belong to something larger, greater, most lasting than our mortal, finite selves. But where did that desire come from? Can we explain its emergence through evolution? Yes, says biological anthropologist Barbara J. King—and doing so not only helps us to understand the religious imagination, but also reveals fascinating links to the lives and minds of our primate cousins. Evolving God draws on King’s own fieldwork among primates in Africa and paleoanthropology of our extinct ancestors to offer a new way of thinking about the origins of religion, one that situates it in a deep need for emotional connection with others, a need we share with apes and monkeys. Though her thesis is provocative, and she’s not above thoughtful speculation, King’s argument is strongly rooted in close observation and analysis. She traces an evolutionary path that connects us to other primates, who, like us, display empathy, make meanings through interaction, create social rules, and display imagination—the basic building blocks of the religious imagination. With fresh insights, she responds to recent suggestions that chimpanzees are spiritual—or even religious—beings, and that our ancient humanlike cousins carefully disposed of their dead well before the time of Neandertals. King writes with a scientist’s appreciation for evidence and argument, leavened with a deep empathy and admiration for the powerful desire to belong, a desire that not only brings us together with other humans, but with our closest animal relations as well.

In the Light of Evolution

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : Sackler Colloquium
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis In the Light of Evolution by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by Sackler Colloquium. This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.

A Theory of Bioethics

Author : David DeGrazia
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316515834
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis A Theory of Bioethics by : David DeGrazia

Download or read book A Theory of Bioethics written by David DeGrazia and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a compelling theory of bioethics, covering medical assistance-in-dying, the right to health care, abortion, animal research, and the definition of death.

An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals

Author : David Hume
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (739 download)

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Book Synopsis An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals by : David Hume

Download or read book An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals written by David Hume and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

What Can Philosophy Contribute To Ethics?

Author : James Griffin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191065447
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis What Can Philosophy Contribute To Ethics? by : James Griffin

Download or read book What Can Philosophy Contribute To Ethics? written by James Griffin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics appears early in the life of a culture. It is not the creation of philosophers. Many philosophers today think that their job is to take the ethics of their society in hand, analyse it into parts, purge the bad ideas, and organize the good into a systematic moral theory. The philosophers' ethics that results is likely to be very different from the culture's raw ethics and, they think, being better, should replace it. But few of us, even among philosophers, settle real-life moral questions by consulting the Categorical Imperative or the Principle of Utility, largely because, if we do, we often do not trust the outcome or cannot even reliably enough decide what it is. By contrast, James Griffin explores the question what philosophers can reasonably expect to contribute to normative ethics or to the ethics of a culture. Griffin argues that moral philosophers must tailor their work to what ordinary humans' motivational capabilities, and he offers a new account of moral deliberation.