Water Resources Of Lebanon

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Water Resources of Lebanon

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030487172
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Resources of Lebanon by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book Water Resources of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-06 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water has become a challenging resource that many countries worldwide are concerned with. Thus, water is often linked with health, society development, national income and even international geo-politics. Sometimes, water resources are unavailable, but successful management involves developing approaches and projects to assure water supply. However, there are some countries with available water resources, but unsatisfactory management, and thus complain about water supply becoming a national problem. This situation is prevalent in Lebanon, a country characterized by abundant water resources whether on the surface or sub-surface. It is a paradox that there is still imbalance in water supply/demand in Lebanon, and water resources are now under stress due to chaotic use. This has been exacerbated by the oscillating climatic conditions, increased population and improper management. Therefore, people receive less than one-third of their water needs, and most water supplied is of poor quality. The current status shows a descending trend. Undoubtedly, if the water sector in Lebanon continues this way, we should anticipate unfavourable (and may be severe) consequences. Many studies have been conducted on water and related disciplines in Lebanon; however, all of them focus on specific themes and sometimes defined regions. Nevertheless, the occurred changes on the influencers (natural and man-made) have not been considered. This book is the first of its type for Lebanon, and it shows all aspects of water resources with updated measurements and findings obtained by adopting new techniques. It diagnoses in-depth the major elements of water flow/storage mechanism that have never been covered in such a comprehensive manner before. Also, this book introduces and analyses the existing challenges and proposes solutions. It represents a comprehensive investigation of the water resources in Lebanon.

Shared Water Resources of Lebanon

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536121421
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Shared Water Resources of Lebanon by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book Shared Water Resources of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book Description:Water resources in the Middle East are barely enough to cope with human demand, and their scarcity is a matter of discussion in many conclaves. However, it must be clarified that Lebanon has a rugged topography that sets it apart from the surrounding regions. Its small area of 10,452 km2 is characterized by a mountainous terrain marked by several valley systems. Two mountain chains (Mount Lebanon to the west and Anti-Lebanon to the east) extend parallel to the Mediterranean Sea, and are separated by the Bekaa Plain, which comprises a relatively wide depression. Hence, Lebanon has many sources of surface water including rivers, springs, snowfalls and lakes; besides, many aquiferous rock formations and karstic conduits exist where groundwater can accumulate via seeping.However, complaints concerning the lack of understanding about the imbalanced water supply/demand in Lebanon are often a matter of debate, and the water budget is also not well-formulated yet. Added to the matter of water shortage and deterioration in quality thereof, challenges for water resources have only exacerbated. Thus, there are parallel paths stemming from both natural and human driving forces leading to increasing water stress. Climate change, pollution, over-exploitation and the mismanagement of trans-boundary water resources are amongst the geo-environmental problems that affect these resources. In particular, shared water is one of the major water problems in Lebanon.To put this issue into perspective, more than 74% of Lebanon's border is shared with neighbouring countries, which makes the surface and groundwater intermingle with neighbouring regions; thus, no volumetric measures are known. Two shared rivers exist between Lebanon and its neighbours: one with Syria in the north, and the other with the Palestinian Territory (PT) in the south. In addition, the three major aquiferous rock formations of Lebanon are interrelated with neighbouring regions.To date, there is no credible study to assess and allocate the shared water resources. Consequently, geo-political conflicts frequently arise due to the obscure nature of the hydrologic conditions. In addition, the absence of treaties and agreements is another reason affecting water sharing, which constitutes the principal cause of water loss. This is totally governed by the unstable political situation in the region.This book aims to highlight the principles of Lebanon's water resources with new numeric measures. It will also reveal the major elements of the striking challenges. Thus, the fundamental hydrologic aspects of shared water resources in Lebanon, including quantitative measures and the spatial extent of these resources will be illustrated.

Atlas of Lebanon

Author : Eric Verdeil
Publisher : Presses de l’Ifpo
ISBN 13 : 2351595491
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Atlas of Lebanon by : Eric Verdeil

Download or read book Atlas of Lebanon written by Eric Verdeil and published by Presses de l’Ifpo. This book was released on 2019-10-03 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After fifteen years of reconstruction in a relatively peaceful environment spanning the years 1990 to 2004, Lebanon has experienced successive violent political events resulting from complex entangled internal and external struggles. The Syrian crisis and its political, economic and demographic consequences on Lebanon have increased these tensions. This atlas sheds light on these new challenges and adds new data that complete the analyses already published in the Atlas du Liban. Territoires et société (Atlas of Lebanon. Territories and Society) released in 2007 by the same research team. Some of its components are included in this edition. Beyond the international regional crisis and the population movements, it takes into account Lebanon’s socio-economic dimensions, the environmental issues linked to uncontrolled urbanization and to natural risks, as well as conflicts due to local territorial management. This atlas is the result of a collaborative endeavor between French and Lebanese researchers. It uses a geographical approach that puts in the foreground a spatial analysis of social and natural phenomena. Public sources are scarce in Lebanon, especially at the local scale. They are sometimes less reliable and difficult to access. It is particularly the case for the Lebanese census data, conversely data are abundantly available on the refugees population, which is less known than the population of refugees. International data help compare Lebanon to its neighbors. Thematic data produced by some ministries are helpful to provide a detailed view regarding specific domains. Analyses processed on aerial and satellite images have produced essential data on urbanization and environment. Local thematic fieldwork surveys have provided additional data. The book consists of seven chapters. The first one deals with the territorial state-building seen in the light of regional geopolitics, and emphasizes internal violence and the reemergence of militias and armed groups that fight each other and the state army. Lebanon is once again perceived as a territory divided between multiple allegiances. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of population dynamics, despite the lack of reliable data whose sources are subject to discussion. It includes analyses of internal population flows, the Lebanese diaspora, and the assessment of Syrian refugees’ influx. The third chapter shows the fragility of the Lebanese economic model. Its dependency on foreign investments and on...

Rivers of Lebanon

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Rivers of Lebanon by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book Rivers of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon is known by tremendous water resources, and this has been often viewed from the considerable number of rivers (i.e. 14 rivers). These rivers are characterized by small catchments and short length. The estimated average annual discharge from these rivers is approximately 2800¬†million¬†m3. Due to the sloping terrain of Lebanon; however, it was estimated that more than 75% of water from rivers is unexploited it mainly outlets into the sea. The majority of water use from the Lebanese rivers implies domestic, agriculture, as well as some other rivers are used for hydro-power generation where they contribute by about 20% of electricity needed for Lebanon. Lately, and added to water pollution, there is abrupt decline in the discharge from these rivers estimated to more than 60% of their average annual discharge. This unfavorable situation is attributed, in addition to the changing climate, to the anthropogenic interference is the most affecting one and it is represented by over pumping from these rivers and form the recharge zone for groundwater and springs that feed these rivers. This chapter aims at introducing a discussion on the existed challenges on the Lebanese rivers and the proposed and their impact.

Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Fathi Zereini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540850473
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa by : Fathi Zereini

Download or read book Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa written by Fathi Zereini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-10 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Climatic Change and Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa" is dedicated to high-priority topics related to the impact of climate change on water resources in a water scarce region. The subject is described and discussed in three main chapters and different case studies. The three main chapters are (1) Climatic changes - sources and effects on the water cycle, (2) Impact of climate change on water resources, (3) Water resources and water management. These chapters are split up into further 26 sections. A total of 64 individuals from many countries have made contributions to this book. All topics in this book are complimentary and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between global climate change, world water cycle and water resources. A valuable and meaningful interdisciplinary mixture of topics is combined in this book which will be of great interest to many scientists.

Urban Pollution

Author : Susanne M. Charlesworth
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119260485
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Pollution by : Susanne M. Charlesworth

Download or read book Urban Pollution written by Susanne M. Charlesworth and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multidisciplinary treatment of the urgent issues surrounding urban pollution worldwide Written by some of the top experts on the subject in the world, this book presents the diverse, complex and current themes of the urban pollution debate across the built environment, urban development and management continuum. It uniquely combines the science of urban pollution with associated policy that seeks to control it, and includes a comprehensive collection of international case studies showing the status of the problem worldwide. Urban Pollution: Science and Management is a multifaceted collection of chapters that address the contemporary concomitant issues of increasing urban living and associated issues with contamination by offering solutions specifically for the built environment. It covers: the impacts of urban pollution; historical urban pollution; evolution of air quality policy and management in urban areas; ground gases in urban environments; bioaccessibility of trace elements in urban environments; urban wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal; living green roofs; light pollution; river ecology; greywater recycling and reuse; containment of pollution from urban waste disposal sites; bioremediation in urban pollution mitigation; air quality monitoring; urban pollution in China and India; urban planning in sub–Saharan Africa and more. Deals with both the science and the relevant policy and management issues Examines the main sources of urban pollution Covers both first-world and developing world urban pollution issues Integrates the latest scientific research with practical case studies Deals with both legacy and emerging pollutants and their effects The integration of physical and environmental sciences, combined with social, economic and political sciences and the use of case studies makes Urban Pollution: Science and Management an incredibly useful resource for policy experts, scientists, engineers and those interested in the subject.

Striking Challenges on Water Resources of Lebanon

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Striking Challenges on Water Resources of Lebanon by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book Striking Challenges on Water Resources of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon was described as the ,Äúwater tower of the Middle East,,Äù but the current status is contradictory, and water supply/demand gap has become imbalanced. Even though, water is available, yet water shortage is a major challenge in Lebanon. This is attributed to the undefined hydrological cycle and the lack of sufficient hydrologic data to establish proper strategies and policies. This study investigates the existing physical and anthropogenic challenges and their impact on water resources. Hence, climate change is one major aspect of these challenges where the precipitation patterns have been abruptly changes to torrential rainfall, and this is accompanied with increased temperature estimated at 1.6¬∞C.¬†In addition, the exacerbated population rate (2%) with the doubled number of refugees makes Lebanon a country under water stress. The discharge in rivers and springs has declined by about 60% over the last four decades, while groundwater level has sharply lowered in the major aquifers and the pumping rate has decreased to about 35%. The problem on water resources in Lebanon should be resolved by promoting a national strategy that takes all hydrological components into account, as well as new adaptation measures must be proposed for better water management.

Stakeholder mapping and needs assessment - Lebanon

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251321159
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Stakeholder mapping and needs assessment - Lebanon by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Stakeholder mapping and needs assessment - Lebanon written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the scarcity of land and water resources, global strategies to increase food production should focus efforts on increasing production per unit resources, i.e. the combined increase of production per unit land surface (yield expressed in kg/ha) and the increase of production per unit water used (water productivity expressed in kg/m³). The FAO portal to monitor WAter Productivity through Open access of Remotely sensed derived data (WaPOR) uses satellite information to compute and map key variables related to water and agriculture, such as evapotranspiration, biomass production and water productivity. The provision of near real time information through such open access data portal enables a range of service-providers to assist farmers attain more reliable yields and to improve their livelihoods; irrigation operators have access to new information to assess the performance of systems and to identify where to focus investments to modernize the irrigation schemes; and government agencies will be able to use the information to monitor and promote the efficient use of natural resources. This report presents the work undertaken to identify key stakeholders in the agriculture and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector and the capacity needs of farmers to improve water productivity in a sustainable manner, through two components; the first surveys the role and capacities of various stakeholders in the ICT and agriculture sector in Lebanon, and the second presents and analyzes the results of a survey into the capacity needs of farmers in relation to the use of ICT in agriculture in the Bekaa valley.

Field guide to monitor irrigation water quality in Lebanon

Author : Bashour, I., Pek, E., Simongini, C., Salman, M.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 925135801X
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Field guide to monitor irrigation water quality in Lebanon by : Bashour, I., Pek, E., Simongini, C., Salman, M.

Download or read book Field guide to monitor irrigation water quality in Lebanon written by Bashour, I., Pek, E., Simongini, C., Salman, M. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water resources are under tremendous pressure due to growing demand, climate change and anthropogenic pollution in Lebanon. Rapidly declining water quality is a key indicator of the water resource degradation that characterizes now both the freshwater and marine environment across the country. The project “Improved Water Resources Monitoring System/Integrated Water Resources Management at regional level in Lebanon”, funded by the Swiss Government, is designed to establish a comprehensive water monitoring system in the North of Lebanon with the overall objective to strengthen the capacity of Lebanon’s water institutions and improving their performance at regional level, thereby helping them address the sector challenges for sustainable use of water resources. The term 'comprehensive monitoring system' refers to the integrated information generation, capturing quantity, quality and demand of agricultural water, as well as the climate parameters. The project outcome is a timely contribution to the water sector development in Lebanon, which is now encountering a period of unprecedented difficulties, aggravated by the economic crisis.

The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319762999
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (629 download)

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Book Synopsis The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges written by Amin Shaban and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of chapters covering research on the Litani River Basin. The Litani River Basin occupies about a quarter of Lebanon's surface area, and it has recently been subject to severe geo-environmental conditions such as water contamination and decreased discharge. This motivated the Lebanese government to take action and start working on the remediation of the river. These actions are also supported by international organizations including the World Bank.

The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges

Author : Amin Shaban
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319763008
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges by : Amin Shaban

Download or read book The Litani River, Lebanon: An Assessment and Current Challenges written by Amin Shaban and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-06 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of chapters covering research on the Litani River Basin. The Litani River Basin occupies about a quarter of Lebanon's surface area, and it has recently been subject to severe geo-environmental conditions such as water contamination and decreased discharge. This motivated the Lebanese government to take action and start working on the remediation of the river. These actions are also supported by international organizations including the World Bank.

Planning and Management of Water Resources in Lebanon

Author : Nadim K. Nassar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (785 download)

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Book Synopsis Planning and Management of Water Resources in Lebanon by : Nadim K. Nassar

Download or read book Planning and Management of Water Resources in Lebanon written by Nadim K. Nassar and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Wisdom

Author : Alon Tal
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813547709
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Wisdom by : Alon Tal

Download or read book Water Wisdom written by Alon Tal and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This comprehensive, informed, and balanced volume provides invaluable insights into the roots of the water management challenges in the Middle East and charts a course for resolving this pressing issue."--James D. Wolfensohn, former Quartet Special Envoy for Gaza.

The Economics of Water Resources

Author : Ariel Dinar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 131673210X
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Water Resources by : Ariel Dinar

Download or read book The Economics of Water Resources written by Ariel Dinar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-15 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population growth and rising living standards, on the one hand, and changing climate, on the other hand, have exacerbated water scarcity worldwide. To address this problem, policymakers need to take a wide view of the water economy – a complex structure involving environmental, social, economic, legal, and institutional aspects. A coherent water policy must look at the water economy as a whole and apply a comprehensive approach to policy interventions. Written by two of the world's leading scholars on economics of water, this is the first graduate-level textbook on the topic. The book discusses water resource management within a comprehensive framework that integrates the different, yet highly entwined, elements of a water economy. It follows the steps needed to develop a well-designed set of policies based on detailed analyses of intervention measures, using multi-sectoral and economy-wide examples from a variety of locations and situations around the world.

Water Resources and Conflict in the Middle East

Author : Nurit Kliot
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134861249
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Resources and Conflict in the Middle East by : Nurit Kliot

Download or read book Water Resources and Conflict in the Middle East written by Nurit Kliot and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East is a region of international concern and political unrest. This book forms a complete reference to both the hydrological as well as the social, economic, political and legal issues in the region and shows how water shortages threaten the renewal of military conflicts and disruption in the area. With resources over-extended due to natural and human causes, the book analyses the river basins of the Euphrates, Tigris, Nile and Jordan and provides detailed study of the hydrology, hydrography and geography of these river basins; it also analyses the needs of the economies and societies of the countries bordering these basins. Conclusions on likely areas of conflict are set within the legal framework of the Helsinki and International Law Commission Rules.

Author :
Publisher : Soffer Publishing
ISBN 13 : 6101443078
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis by :

Download or read book written by and published by Soffer Publishing. This book was released on with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean

Author : International Development Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher : IDRC
ISBN 13 : 0889369070
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean by : International Development Research Centre (Canada)

Download or read book Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2000 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean