Water Injection In The Modern Automotive Spark Ignition Engine

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Water Injection in the Modern Automotive Spark Ignition Engine

Author : Leonard Carl Nelson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (597 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Injection in the Modern Automotive Spark Ignition Engine by : Leonard Carl Nelson

Download or read book Water Injection in the Modern Automotive Spark Ignition Engine written by Leonard Carl Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The injection of water in the spark ignition engine is not new. The effect of humidity in the air on the performance of the spark ignition engine probably initiated the early investigations. The water vapor in the inlet air decreases the speed of the flame front and necessitates spark advance to assure maximum power and maximum efficiency. Water particles in the air evaporate during the compression and combustion of the inducted charge and decrease the tendency of the engine to detonate. These effects are very evident when operating the spark ignition engine in a moist atmosphere. Water is not a foreign element to the internal combustion engine. It can be easily shown that when one pound of a hydrocarbon fuel burns more than one pound of water is formed in the combustion chamber ... The fundamental reason for injecting water is to suppress detonation. The exact nature as to how this is accomplished is not definitely known, but it is reasoned that the effect is due to the high heat of vaporization of the water"--Introduction, leaves 1-2.

Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Test Bench

Author : Antonino Vacca
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658327553
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (583 download)

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Book Synopsis Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Test Bench by : Antonino Vacca

Download or read book Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Test Bench written by Antonino Vacca and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water injection is one of the most promising technologies to improve the engine combustion efficiency, by mitigating knock occurrences and controlling exhaust gas temperature before turbine. As result, the engine can operate at stoichiometric conditions over the whole engine map, even during the more power-demanding RDE cycles. Antonino Vacca presents a methodology to study and optimize the effect of water injection for gasoline engines by investigating different engine layouts and injection strategies through the set-up of a 3D-CFD virtual test bench. He investigates indirect and direct water injection strategies to increase the engine knock limit and to reduce exhaust gas temperature for several operating points.

End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine

Author : Rinaldo J. Brun
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine by : Rinaldo J. Brun

Download or read book End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine written by Rinaldo J. Brun and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary: An investigation has been made of the effectiveness of water injection into the combustion end zone of a spark-ignition engine cylinder for the suppression of knock. Pressure-time recoreds obtained show that injection of water at 60° B.T.C. on the compression stroke at a water-fuel ratio of 0.3 rendered M-3 fuel as good as S-3 fuel from an antiknock consideration. The optimum crank angle for injection of water into the end zone was found to be critical. As the injection angle was increased beyond the optimum, the quantity of water required to suppress knock increased to 3.6 water-fuel ratio at 132° B.T.C. The water quantity could not be increased beyond 3.6 water-fuel ration because of injection-pump limitations; however, a further increase in the injection angle up to the earliest angle obtainable, which was 20° A.T.C. on the intake stroke, continuously increased the knock intensity. The engine operating conditions of the tests did not simulate those encountered in flight, especially with regard to the operating speed of 570 rpm. For this reason the results should only be regarded as of theoretical importance until further investigation has been made.

Water injection in a spark ignition engine

Author : Isham George Kennon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Water injection in a spark ignition engine by : Isham George Kennon

Download or read book Water injection in a spark ignition engine written by Isham George Kennon and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench

Author : Edoardo Rossi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658449411
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (584 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench by : Edoardo Rossi

Download or read book Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench written by Edoardo Rossi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the investigation of innovative engine technologies that can improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines and reduce their environmental impact. In particular, water injection is examined as a means of improving engine behavior. The possible combination of water injection with renewable fuels is also a topic of the book. The results of this experimental and numerical research show positive results that can be used for further research and development of engines. Content 3D-CFD Simulation Environment: the Virtual Engine Test Bench Experimental Spray Analysis and 3D-CFD Injection Model Calibration Applicability of Water Injection in Combination with an eFuel Water-in-Fuel Emulsions at the Virtual Engine Test Bench Target Groups Students and researchers in the field of automotive engineering, esp. engine technology Engineers in the automotive industry About the Author Edoardo Rossi is a project manager in the virtual engine development department at the FKFS, where he did his PhD. He works on innovative solutions for future powertrain technologies for motor vehicles. .

HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry

Author : Hua Zhao
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry by : Hua Zhao

Download or read book HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry written by Hua Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)/controlled auto-ignition (CAI) has emerged as one of the most promising engine technologies with the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance, offering reduced nitrous oxides and particulate matter alongside efficiency comparable with modern diesel engines. Despite the considerable advantages, its operational range is rather limited and controlling the combustion (timing of ignition and rate of energy release) is still an area of on-going research. Commercial applications are, however, close to reality. HCCI a.

The Water Injection of a One Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine by Two Different Methods

Author : Harvey Parnell Metzler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis The Water Injection of a One Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine by Two Different Methods by : Harvey Parnell Metzler

Download or read book The Water Injection of a One Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine by Two Different Methods written by Harvey Parnell Metzler and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

THE IMPACT OF WATER INJECTION ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE PERFORMANCE UNDER HIGH LOAD OPERATION

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis THE IMPACT OF WATER INJECTION ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE PERFORMANCE UNDER HIGH LOAD OPERATION by :

Download or read book THE IMPACT OF WATER INJECTION ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE PERFORMANCE UNDER HIGH LOAD OPERATION written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : An experimental effort has been completed in which water injection was investigated as a means of enabling increases in engine output and high load efficiency. Water was injected into the intake port of a direct fuel injected, 4-cylinder, boosted engine with dual independent variable valve timing. The water was shown to increase volumetric efficiency and decrease the onset of knock which in turn enable more optimal combustion phasing. Both of these affects resulted increases in load of up to 5.5% at the same manifold pressure as the baseline case. The advancement of combustion phasing, combined with elimination of fuel enrichment resulted in an increase in full load thermal efficiency of up to 35%. Analysis is provided around these affects, as well as the phase transformation of water throughout the engine cycle.

Effect of Water Injection on Combustion Characteristics of a Spark-ignition Internal-combustion Engine

Author : Edward Ellis Towe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Water Injection on Combustion Characteristics of a Spark-ignition Internal-combustion Engine by : Edward Ellis Towe

Download or read book Effect of Water Injection on Combustion Characteristics of a Spark-ignition Internal-combustion Engine written by Edward Ellis Towe and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Alcohol-water injection for a spark ignition engine

Author : Chaleovongs Komarakul
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol-water injection for a spark ignition engine by : Chaleovongs Komarakul

Download or read book Alcohol-water injection for a spark ignition engine written by Chaleovongs Komarakul and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines

Author : Alessandro Ferrari
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 1468603116
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (686 download)

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Book Synopsis Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines by : Alessandro Ferrari

Download or read book Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines written by Alessandro Ferrari and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel injection systems and performance is fundamental to combustion engine performance in terms of power, noise, efficiency, and exhaust emissions. There is a move toward electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce carbon emissions, but this is unlikely to be a rapid transition, in part due to EV batteries: their size, cost, longevity, and charging capabilities as well as the scarcity of materials to produce them. Until these isssues are resolved, refining the spark-ignited engine is necessary address both sustainability and demand for affordable and reliable mobility. Even under policies oriented to smart sustainable mobility, spark-ignited engines remain strategic, because they can be applied to hybridized EVs or can be fueled with gasoline blended with bioethanol or bio-butanol to drastically reduce particulate matter emissions of direct injection engines in addition to lower CO2 emissions. In this book, Alessandro Ferrari and Pietro Pizzo provide a full review of spark-ignited engine fuel injection systems. The most popular typologies of fuel injection systems are considered, with special focus on state-of-the-art solutions. Dedicated sections on the methods for air mass evaluation, fuel delivery low-pressure modules, and the specific subsystems for idle, cold start, and warm-up control are also included. The authors pay special attention to mixture formation strategies, as they are a fundamental theme for SI engines. An exhaustive overview of fuel injection technologies is provided, and mixture formation strategies for spark ignited combustion engines are considered. Fuel Injection Systems illustrates the performance of these systems and will also serve as a reference for engineers who are active in the aftermarket, offering detailed information on fuel injection system solutions that are mounted in older vehicles.

Direct Injection Systems for Spark-ignition and Compression-ignition Engines

Author : Cornel Stan
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 9780768006100
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Direct Injection Systems for Spark-ignition and Compression-ignition Engines by : Cornel Stan

Download or read book Direct Injection Systems for Spark-ignition and Compression-ignition Engines written by Cornel Stan and published by SAE International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides assistance in choosing and adapting a mixture formation concept for an engine application with known requirements. The book presents both a synthesis of modular concepts based on function characteristics and a system classification following the physical model. Topics are focused on the injection system itself, and specific technical solutions for new concepts are concretely described.Contents Include: Direct Injection as an Element of the Mixture Formation Concept Direct Injection Methods Physical Possibilities and Limits Direct Injection of Liquid Fuel with Damped Speed Influence on the Pressure Wave Direct Injection of Liquid Fuel with Quasi Constant Maximum Pressure Direct Injection of Liquid Fuel with Speed Independent Pressure Modulation Direct Injection of Fuel/Air Pre-Mixture with Mechanical Flow Control Direct Injection of Fuel/Air Pre-Mixture with Electronic Flow Control Injection Law Modulation Injection Systems with Speed Dependent Injection Law Injection Systems with Accumulated Fuel High-Pressure (Common Rail) Injection Systems with Speed Dependent Pressure Wave and Variable Flow Passage Injection Systems with Speed Independent Modulation of the Pressure Wave Injection Systems for Alternative Fuels.

End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine

Author : Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory
Publisher : Hassell Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781013823039
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine by : Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory

Download or read book End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine written by Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines

Author : F. Zhao
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008055279X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines by : F. Zhao

Download or read book Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Emissions from a Direct-cylinder Water-injected Spark-ignition Engine

Author : S. S. Lestz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Emissions from a Direct-cylinder Water-injected Spark-ignition Engine by : S. S. Lestz

Download or read book Emissions from a Direct-cylinder Water-injected Spark-ignition Engine written by S. S. Lestz and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309216389
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

A Phenomenological Knock Model for the Development of Future Engine Concepts

Author : Alexander Fandakov
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658248750
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (582 download)

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Book Synopsis A Phenomenological Knock Model for the Development of Future Engine Concepts by : Alexander Fandakov

Download or read book A Phenomenological Knock Model for the Development of Future Engine Concepts written by Alexander Fandakov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of 0D/1D knock models available today are known for their poor accuracy and the great effort needed for their calibration. Alexander Fandakov presents a novel, extensively validated phenomenological knock model for the development of future engine concepts within a 0D/1D simulation environment that has one engine-specific calibration parameter. Benchmarks against the models commonly used in the automotive industry reveal the huge gain in knock boundary prediction accuracy achieved with the approach proposed in this work. Thus, the new knock model contributes substantially to the efficient design of spark ignition engines employing technologies such as full-load exhaust gas recirculation, water injection, variable compression ratio or lean combustion. About the Author Alexander Fandakov holds a PhD in automotive powertrain engineering from the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering (IVK) at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. Currently, he is working as an advanced powertrain development engineer in the automotive industry.