Voting And Collective Choice

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Collective Decisions and Voting

Author : Nicolaus Tideman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351950622
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Collective Decisions and Voting by : Nicolaus Tideman

Download or read book Collective Decisions and Voting written by Nicolaus Tideman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When one thinks about how collective decisions are made, voting is the method that comes naturally to mind. But other methods such as random process and consensus are also used. This book explores just what a collective decision is, classifies the methods of making collective decisions, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Classification is the prelude to evaluation. What are the characteristics of a method of making collective decisions, the book asks, that permit us to describe a collective decision as good? The second part of the book is detailed exploration of voting: the dimensions in which voting situations differ, the origins and logic of majority rule, the frequency of cycles in voting, the Arrow and Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorems, criteria for ways of cutting through cycles and the application of these criteria to a variety of rules, voting over continuums, proportional representation, and voting rules that take account of intensities of preferences. Relatively unknown methods of voting give voting a much greater potential than is generally recognized. Collective Decisions and Voting is essential reading for everyone with an interest in voting theory and in how public choices might be made.

Voting and Collective Choice

Author : Prasanta K.. Pattanaik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (799 download)

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Book Synopsis Voting and Collective Choice by : Prasanta K.. Pattanaik

Download or read book Voting and Collective Choice written by Prasanta K.. Pattanaik and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mathematics and Democracy

Author : Bruno Simeone
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540356053
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics and Democracy by : Bruno Simeone

Download or read book Mathematics and Democracy written by Bruno Simeone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, different quantitative approaches to the study of electoral systems have been developed: game-theoretic, decision-theoretic, statistical, probabilistic, combinatorial, geometric, and optimization ones. All the authors are prominent scholars from these disciplines. Quantitative approaches offer a powerful tool to detect inconsistencies or poor performance in actual systems. Applications to concrete settings such as EU, American Congress, regional, and committee voting are discussed.

Voting and Collective Choice

Author : Prasanta K. Pattanaik
Publisher : Cambridge [Eng.] : University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521079617
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (796 download)

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Book Synopsis Voting and Collective Choice by : Prasanta K. Pattanaik

Download or read book Voting and Collective Choice written by Prasanta K. Pattanaik and published by Cambridge [Eng.] : University Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Utilitarian Collective Choice and Voting

Author : Claude Hillinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Utilitarian Collective Choice and Voting by : Claude Hillinger

Download or read book Utilitarian Collective Choice and Voting written by Claude Hillinger and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his seminal Social Choice and Individual Values, Kenneth Arrow stated that his theory applies to voting. Many voting theorists have been convinced that, on account of Arrow's theorem, all voting methods must be seriously flawed. Arrow's theory is strictly ordinal, the cardinal aggregation of preferences being explicitly rejected. In this paper, I point out that all voting methods are cardinal and, therefore, outside the reach of Arrow's result. Parallel to Arrow's ordinal approach, there evolved a consistent cardinal theory of collective choice. This theory, most prominently associated with the work of Harsanyi, continued the older utilitarian tradition in a more formal style. The purpose of this paper is to show that various derivations of utilitarian SWFs can also be used to derive utilitarian voting (UV). By this, I mean a voting rule that allows the voter to score each alternative in accordance with a given scale. UV-k indicates a scale with k distinct values. The general theory leaves k to be determined on pragmatic grounds. A (1,0) scale gives approval voting. I prefer the scale (1,0,-1) and refer to the resulting voting rule as evaluative voting. A conclusion of the paper is that the defects of conventional voting methods result not from Arrow's theorem, but rather from restrictions imposed on voters' expression of their preferences. The analysis is extended to strategic voting, utilizing a novel set of assumptions regarding voter behavior.

Voting Paradoxes and Group Coherence

Author : William V. Gehrlein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642031072
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Voting Paradoxes and Group Coherence by : William V. Gehrlein

Download or read book Voting Paradoxes and Group Coherence written by William V. Gehrlein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-11 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The likelihood of observing Condorcet's Paradox is known to be very low for elections with a small number of candidates if voters’ preferences on candidates reflect any significant degree of a number of different measures of mutual coherence. This reinforces the intuitive notion that strange election outcomes should become less likely as voters’ preferences become more mutually coherent. Similar analysis is used here to indicate that this notion is valid for most, but not all, other voting paradoxes. This study also focuses on the Condorcet Criterion, which states that the pairwise majority rule winner should be chosen as the election winner, if one exists. Representations for the Condorcet Efficiency of the most common voting rules are obtained here as a function of various measures of the degree of mutual coherence of voters’ preferences. An analysis of the Condorcet Efficiency representations that are obtained yields strong support for using Borda Rule.

Strategic Participation in Collective Choice Mechanisms

Author : David Loren Sunding
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Participation in Collective Choice Mechanisms by : David Loren Sunding

Download or read book Strategic Participation in Collective Choice Mechanisms written by David Loren Sunding and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

On the Possibility of Democracy and Rational Collective Choice

Author : Claude Hillinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Possibility of Democracy and Rational Collective Choice by : Claude Hillinger

Download or read book On the Possibility of Democracy and Rational Collective Choice written by Claude Hillinger and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper challenges the 'orthodox doctrine' of collective choice theory according to which Arrow's 'general possibility theorem' precludes rational decision procedures generally and implies that in particular all voting procedures must be flawed. I point out that all voting procedures are cardinal and that Arrow's result, based on preference orderings cannot apply to them. All voting procedures that have been proposed, with the exception of approval voting, involve restrictions on voters expressions of their preferences. These restrictions, not any general impossibility, are the cause of various well known pathologies. In the class of unrestricted voting procedures I favor 'evaluative voting' under which a voter can vote for or against any alternative, or abstain. I give a historical/conceptual analysis of the origins of theorists' aversion to cardinal analysis in collective choice and voting theories.

Positive Political Theory I

Author : David Austen-Smith
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472022466
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Positive Political Theory I by : David Austen-Smith

Download or read book Positive Political Theory I written by David Austen-Smith and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Positive Political Theory I is concerned with the formal theory of preference aggregation for collective choice. The theory is developed as generally as possible, covering classes of aggregation methods that include such well-known examples as majority and unanimity rule and focusing in particular on the extent to which any aggregation method is assured to yield a set of "best" alternatives. The book is intended both as a contribution to the theory of collective choice and a pedagogic tool. Austen-Smith and Banks have made the exposition both rigorous and accessible to people with some technical background (e.g., a course in multivariate calculus). The intended readership ranges from more technically-oriented graduate students and specialists to those students in economics and political science interested less in the technical aspects of the results than in the depth, scope, and importance of the theoretical advances in positive political theory. "This is a stunning book. Austen-Smith and Banks have a deep understanding of the material, and their text gives a powerfully unified and coherent perspective on a vast literature. The exposition is clear-eyed and efficient but never humdrum. Even those familiar with the subject will find trenchant remarks and fresh insights every few pages. Anyone with an interest in contemporary liberal democratic theory will want this book on the shelf." --Christopher Achen, University of Michigan David Austen-Smith is Professor of Political Science, Professor of Economics, and Professor of Management and Strategy, Northwestern University. Jeffrey S. Banks is Professor of Political Science, California Institute of Technology.

A Logic of Expressive Choice

Author : Alexander A. Schuessler
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691006628
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis A Logic of Expressive Choice by : Alexander A. Schuessler

Download or read book A Logic of Expressive Choice written by Alexander A. Schuessler and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-29 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Schuessler has done what many deemed impossible: he has wedded rational choice theory and the concerns of social theory and anthropology to explain why people vote. The "paradox of participation"--why individuals cast ballots when they have virtually no effect on electoral outcomes--has long puzzled social scientists. And it has particularly troubled rational choice theorists, who like to describe political activity in terms of incentives. Schuessler's ingenious solution is a "logic of expressive choice." He argues in incentive-based (or "economic") terms that individuals vote not because of how they believe their vote matters in the final tally but rather to express their preferences, allegiances, and thus themselves. Through a comparative history of marketing and campaigning, Schuessler generates a "jukebox model" of participation and shows that expressive choice has become a target for those eliciting mass participation and public support. Political advisers, for example, have learned to target voters' desire to express--to themselves and to others--who they are. Candidates, using tactics such as claiming popularity, invoking lifestyle, using ambiguous campaign themes, and shielding supporters from one another can get out their vote even when it is clear that an election is already lost or won. This important work, the first of its kind, will appeal to anyone seeking to decipher voter choice and turnout, social movements, political identification, collective action, and consumer behavior, including scholars, graduate students, and upper-level undergraduates in political science, economics, sociology, anthropology, and marketing. It will contribute greatly to our understanding and prediction of democratic participation patterns and their consequences.

Handbook on Approval Voting

Author : Jean-François Laslier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364202839X
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Approval Voting by : Jean-François Laslier

Download or read book Handbook on Approval Voting written by Jean-François Laslier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With approval voting, voters can approve of as many candidates as they want, and the one approved by the most voters wins. This book surveys a wide variety of empirical and theoretical knowledge accumulated from years of studying this method of voting.

The Public Choice Approach to Politics

Author : Dennis C. Mueller
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Public Choice Approach to Politics by : Dennis C. Mueller

Download or read book The Public Choice Approach to Politics written by Dennis C. Mueller and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1993 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproduces 26 articles on public choice and public economics by Mueller, written over 20 years. Employing the contractarian-constitutional methodology of public choice, he examines the properties of several voting methods, representational systems and questions of equity and justice.

The People's Choice

Author : Paul F. Lazarsfeld
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis The People's Choice by : Paul F. Lazarsfeld

Download or read book The People's Choice written by Paul F. Lazarsfeld and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Social Choice Theory

Author : Jerry S. Kelly
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366209925X
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Choice Theory by : Jerry S. Kelly

Download or read book Social Choice Theory written by Jerry S. Kelly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a textbook introducing selected topics in formal social choice theory. Social choice theory studies group choices that are based on information about preferences of members of the group (voting rules being one important special case). This involves economics, which provides the method of modelling individual decision making; political philosophy, which provides criteria about the allocation of decision-influencing power; and game theory, which provides a framework for thinking about the strategies individuals employ in trying to influence the group choice. The goal of this book is to take basic ideas like impossibility theorems, rights exercising and strategy proofness and give the student just enough technical background to be able to understand these ideas in a logically rigorous way. This is done through a set of 250 exercises that constitute the heart of the book and which differentiate this book from all other texts in social choice theory.

Social Choice and Democratic Values

Author : Eerik Lagerspetz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232614
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Choice and Democratic Values by : Eerik Lagerspetz

Download or read book Social Choice and Democratic Values written by Eerik Lagerspetz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview and critique of the most important political and philosophical interpretations of the basic results of social choice, assessing their plausibility and seeking to identify the links between the theory of social choice and the more traditional issues of political theory and philosophy. In this regard, the author eschews a strong methodological commitment or technical formalism; the approach is instead based on the presentation of political facts and illustrated via numerous real-life examples. This allows the reader to get acquainted with the philosophical and political dispute surrounding voting and collective decision-making and its links to social choice theory.

Mathematics and Democracy

Author : Steven J. Brams
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400835593
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics and Democracy by : Steven J. Brams

Download or read book Mathematics and Democracy written by Steven J. Brams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voters today often desert a preferred candidate for a more viable second choice to avoid wasting their vote. Likewise, parties to a dispute often find themselves unable to agree on a fair division of contested goods. In Mathematics and Democracy, Steven Brams, a leading authority in the use of mathematics to design decision-making processes, shows how social-choice and game theory could make political and social institutions more democratic. Using mathematical analysis, he develops rigorous new procedures that enable voters to better express themselves and that allow disputants to divide goods more fairly. One of the procedures that Brams proposes is "approval voting," which allows voters to vote for as many candidates as they like or consider acceptable. There is no ranking, and the candidate with the most votes wins. The voter no longer has to consider whether a vote for a preferred but less popular candidate might be wasted. In the same vein, Brams puts forward new, more equitable procedures for resolving disputes over divisible and indivisible goods.

Social Choice and Individual Values

Author : Kenneth J. Arrow
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300186983
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Choice and Individual Values by : Kenneth J. Arrow

Download or read book Social Choice and Individual Values written by Kenneth J. Arrow and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1951, "Social Choice and Individual Values" introduced "Arrow's Impossibility Theorem" and founded the field of social choice theory in economics and political science. This new edition, including a new foreword by Nobel laureate Eric Maskin, reintroduces Arrow's seminal book to a new generation of students and researchers."Far beyond a classic, this small book unleashed the ongoing explosion of interest in social choice and voting theory. A half-century later, the book remains full of profound insight: its central message, 'Arrow's Theorem, ' has changed the way we think."--Donald G. Saari, author of "Decisions and Elections: Explaining the Unexpected "